Syria between two transitions

Middle East Report

Volumn , Issue 203, 1997, Pages 2-7

  Melhem, Hisham ^a  

^a NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ECONOMIC REFORM; POLITICAL REFORM;

SYRIA;

EID: 0031396473     PISSN: 08992851     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2307/3012638     Document Type: Article

References (29)

1. For an incisive analysis of Syria's first and second infitah see Volker Perthes, The Political Economy of Syria Under Asad (London: I.B. Tauris, 1995).
2. Many studies on Syria's economy in the 1980s predicted a bleak future for the country and underestimated its ability to pursue structural reform. For instance, see Elyahu Kanovsky, "What's Behind Syria's Current Economic Problems?" in Middle East Contemporary Survey 1983-84 (Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University, 1986), pp. 280-347, and Patrick Clawson, Unaffordable Ambitions: Syria's Military Build-Up and Economic Crisis (Washington, DC: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 1989).
3. Many studies on Syria's economy in the 1980s predicted a bleak future for the country and underestimated its ability to pursue structural reform. For instance, see Elyahu Kanovsky, "What's Behind Syria's Current Economic Problems?" in Middle East Contemporary Survey 1983-84 (Tel Aviv: Tel Aviv University, 1986), pp. 280-347, and Patrick Clawson, Unaffordable Ambitions: Syria's Military Build-Up and Economic Crisis (Washington, DC: The Washington Institute for Near East Policy, 1989).
4. Embassy of the United States of America, The 1996 Country Commercial Guide (Damascus, Syria, 1996).
5. Perthes, The Political Economy of Syria and Nabil Sukkar, The Crisis of 1986 and Syria's Plan for Reform" in Eberhard Kienle, ed., Contemporary Syria: Liberalization Between Cold War and Cold Peace (New York: St. Martins Press, 1994).
6. Perthes, The Political Economy of Syria and Nabil Sukkar, The Crisis of 1986 and Syria's Plan for Reform" in Eberhard Kienle, ed., Contemporary Syria: Liberalization Between Cold War and Cold Peace (New York: St. Martins Press, 1994).
7. Ash-Sharq Al-Awsat, February 7, 1997.
8. William E. Schmidt, The Fertile Crescent Blooms Anew," The New York Times, November 6, 1994.
9. Embassy of the United States of America, The 1996 Country Commercial Guide.
10. Syrian Arab Republic, Statistical Abstract (Damascus: 1996).
11. John Lancaster, "Syria's Economy Starting to Slow," The Washington Post, October 9, 1994.
12. Raymond A. Hinnebusch, "The Political Economy of Economic Liberalization in Syria," International Journal of Middle East Studies 27 (1995), pp. 305-320.
13. Author's interview.
14. Muhammad Al-'Imadi, Syria's Experience in Trade Liberalization and Policies of Economic Reform (Damascus, Syria, August 1994).
15. Quoted in The Washington Post, October 9, 1994.
16. Patrick Seale, Asad: The Struggle for the Middle East (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989).
17. Muhammad Muslih, "Asad is Ready," Foreign Policy 96 (Fall 1994), pp. 145-163.
18. Alasdair Drysdale and Raymond E. Hinnebusch, Syria and the Middle East Peace Process (New York: Council on Foreign Relations Press, 1991).
19. Philip S. Khoury, Syria and the French Mandate: The Politics of Arab Nationalism, 1920-1945 (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1987).
20. Author's interview.
21. The New York Times, May 11, 1993.
22. Tishrin, September 11, 1994.
23. Raymond E. Hinnebusch, "Does Syria Want Peace?" Journal of Palestine Studies (Autumn 1996), pp. 42-57.
24. Walid al-Moualem, Interview, Journal of Palestine Studies (Winter 1997), pp. 81-94.
25. Author's interview.
26. The New York Times, January 28, 1997.
27. Ash-Sharq Al-Awsat, January 30, 1997.
28. Eberhard Kienle, The Return of Politics? Scenarios for Syria's Second Infitah" in Contemporary Syria, op. cit.
29. Perthes, The Political Economy of Syria Under Asad, op. cit.