Palaeomagnetism of the Karoo igneous rocks in southern Africa

South African Journal of Geology

Volumn 100, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 195-212

  Hargraves, R B ^a   Rehacek, J ^b   Hooper, P R ^b  

^a PRINCETON UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b WASHINGTON STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

KAROO IGNEOUS ROCKS; PALAEOMAGNETISM;

AFRICA;

EID: 0031396047     PISSN: 10120750     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (58)

1. Allsopp, H.L., Bristow, J.W., Logan, C.T., Eales, H.V. & Erlank, A.J. (1984a). Rb-Sr geochreonology of three Karoo-related intrusive complexes. Spec. Publ. geol. Soc. S. Afr., 13, 218-287.
2. _, Manton, W.I., Bristow, J.W. & Erlank, A.J. (1984b). Rb-Sr geochronology of Karoo felsic volcanics. In: Erlank, A.J. (Ed.), Petrogenesis of the Volcanic Rocks of the Karoo Province. Spec. Publ. geol. Soc. S. Afr., 13, 273-280.
3. _, Bristow, J.W., Smith, C.B., Brown, R., Gleadow, A.J.W., Kramer, J.D. & Garvie, O.G. (1989). A summary of radiometric dating methods applicable to kimberlites and related rocks. Spec. Publ. geol. Soc. Aust., 14, 343-357.
4. Armstrong, R.A., Bristow, J.W. & Cox, K.G. (1985). The Rooirand Dyke Swarm, Southern Lebombo. In: Erlank, A.J. (Ed.), Petrogenesis of the Volcanic Rocks of the Karoo Province. Spec. Publ. geol. Soc. S. Afr., 13, 77-86.
5. Ballard, M.M., Van der Voo, R. & Halbich, I.W. (1986). Remagnetizations in late Permian and early Triassic rocks from southern Africa and their implications for Pangea reconstructions. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 79, 412-418.
6. Beckinsale, R.D., Bowles, J.F.W., Pankhurst, R.J. & Wells, M.K. (1977). Rubidium-Strontium age studies and geochemistry of acid veins in the Freetown Complex, Sierra Leone. Min. Mag., 41, 501-511.
7. Briden, J.D. (1967). Recurrent continental drift of Gondwanaland. Nature, 215, 1334-1339.
8. _, Henthorn, D.I. & Rex, D.C. (1971). Paleomagnetic and radiometric evidence for the age of the Freetown igneous complex, Sierra Leone. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 12, 385-391.
9. Bristow, J.W. (1982). Geology and structure of Karoo volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the northern and central Lebombo. Trans, geol. Soc. S. Afr., 85, 167-178.
10. _ & Cleverly, R.W. (1983). A note on the volcanic stratigraphy and intrusive rocks of the Lebombo monocline and adjacent areas. Trans, geol. Soc. S. Afr, 86, 55-61.
11. Brock, A. (1968). Paleomagnetism of the Nuanetsi igneous province and its bearing upon the sequence of Karoo igneous activity in southern Africa. J. Geophys. Res., 73, 1389-1397.
12. Cleverly, R.W. & Bristow, J.W. (1979). Revised volcanic stratigraphy of the Lebombo monocline. Trans, geol. Soc. S. Afr, 82, 843-848.
13. Dalrymple, B., Gromme, S. & White, R.W. (1975). Potassium argon age and paleomagnetism of diabase dikes in Liberia: initiation of Central Atlantic rifting. Bull. geol. Soc. Am., 86, 399-411.
14. Duncan, R.A. & Pyle, D.G. (1988). Rapid eruption of the Deccan flood basalts at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary. Nature, 333, 841-843.
15. _, Hooper, P.R., Rehacek, J., Marsh, J. S. & Duncan, A.R. (1997). The timing and duration of the Karoo igneous event, Southern Gondwana. J. Geophys. Res., in press.
16. Eales, H.V, Marsh, J.S. & Cox, K. G. (1984). The Karoo igneous province: an introduction. In: Erlank, A.J. (Ed.), Petrogenesis of the Volcanic Rocks of the Karoo Province. Spec. Publ. geol. Soc. S. Afr., 13, 1-26.
17. Encarnacion, J., Fleming, T.H., Elliot, D.H. & Eales, H.V. (1996). Synchronous emplacement of Ferrar and Karoo dolerites and the early breakup of Gondwana. Geology, 24, 535-538.
18. Fisher, R.A. (1953). Dispersion on a sphere. Proc. R. Soc., A217, 295-305.
19. 39Ar age spectrum methods. In: Eriank, A.J. (Ed.), Petrogenesis of the Volcanic Rocks of the Karoo Province. Spec. Publ. geol. Soc. S. Afr., 13, 247-266.
20. Foland, K.A. & Henderson, C.M.B. (1976). Application of age and Sr isotopic data to the petrogenesis of the Marangudzi ring complex, Rhodesia. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 29, 291-301.
21. Gidskehaug, A., Creer, K.M. & Mitchell, J.G. (1975). Palaeomagnetism and K-Ar ages of the South-West African basalts and their bearing on the time of initial rifting of the South Atlantic Ocean. Geophys. J. R. Astro. Soc., 42, 1-20.
22. Gough, P.I. & Brock, A. (1964). The paleomagnetism of the Shawa ijolite. J. Geophys. Res., 69, 2489-2493.
23. Gradstein, F.M., Agterberg, P.P., Ogg, J.G., Hardenbol, J., Van Geen, P., Thierry, J. & Huang, Z. (1994). A Mesozoic time scale. J. Geophys. Res., 99, 24051-24074.
24. Graham, K.W.T. & Hales, A.L. (1957). Palaeomagnetic measurements on Karoo dolerites. Phil. Mag. Suppl., 6, part 22, 149-161.
25. _, Van Zijl, J.S.V. & Hales, A.L. (1962). Palaeomagnetic evidence regarding the relative age of the Stormberg lavas and the Karoo dolerites. Trans, geol. Soc. S. Afr., 65, 47-56.
26. Hailwood, E. D. & Mitchell, J.G (1971). Paleomagnetic and radiometric dating results from Jurassic intrusion in South Morocco. Geophys. J. Roy. Astr. Soc., 24, 351-364.
27. Hargraves, R.B. (1988). Tectonic and geomagnetic significance of JurassicCretaceous paleomagnetic data from Africa. Ext. Abstr. Geocongress '88, Geol. Soc. S. Afr., 231-234.
28. _ (1989). Paleomagnetism of Mesozoic kimberlites in southern Africa and the Cretaceous apparent polar wander curve for Africa. J. Geophys. Res., 94, 1851-1866.
29. Harris, C., Marsh, J.S., Duncan, A.R. & Erlank, A.J. (1990). The petrology of the Kirwan Basalts of Dronning Maud Land, Antarctica. J. Petrol, 31, 341-369.
30. Henthorn, D.I. (1981). The magnetostratigraphy of the Lebombo group along the Olifants River, Kruger National Park. Ann. geol. Surv. S. Afr., 15/2, 1-10.
31. Hooper, P.R., Rehacek, J.R., Duncan, R.A., Marsh. J.S. & Duncan, A.R. (1993). The basalts of Lesotho, Karoo Province, Southern Africa. Abstr. Am. Geophys. Un., EOS, 553.
32. Kies, B., Henry, B., Merabet. N., Derder, M.M. & Daly, L. (1995). A new Late Triassic-Liasic paleomagnetic pole from superimposed and juxtaposed magnetizations in the Saharan craton. Geophys. J. Int., 120, 433-444.
33. Kirschvink, J.L. (1980). The least squares line and plane and the analysis of paleomagnetic data. Geophys. J. R. Astro. Soc., 62, 699-718.
34. Kosterov, A.A. & Perrin, M. (1996). Paleomagnetism of the Lesotho basalt, southern Africa. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 139, 63-78.
35. Marsh, J.S., Hooper, P.R., Rehacek, J., Duncan, T.A. & Duncan, A.R. (1997). Stratigraphy and age of Karoo basalts of Lesotho and implications for correlations within the Karoo Igneous Province. In: Mahoney, J.J. & Coffin, M. (Eds.), Large Igneous Provinces. AGU Monograph Series, 100, in press.
36. Martin, A.K. & Hartnady, C.J.H. (1986). Plate tectonic development of the southwest Indian Ocean: A revised reconstruction of east Antarctica and Africa. J. Geophys. Res., 91, 4767-4786.
37. McElhinny, M.W. & Jones, D.L. (1965). Paleomagnetic measurements on some Karoo dolerites from Rhodesia. Nature, 206, 921-922.
38. _, Briden, J.C., Jones, D.L. & Brock, A. (1968). Geological and geophysical implications of paleomagnetic results from Africa. Rev. Geophys., 6, 201-238.
39. McFadden, P.L. & McElhinny, M.W. (1990). Classification of the reversal test in paleomagnetism. Geophys. J. Int., 103, 725-729.
40. _, Merril, R.T., McElhinny, M.W. & Suhee, L. (1991). Reversals of the Earth's magnetic field and temporal variations of the dynamo families. J. Geophys. Res., 96, 3923-3933.
41. _ & Lowes, F.J. (1981). The discrimination of mean directions drawn from Fisher distributions. Geophys. J. Astr. Soc., 67, 19-33.
42. McIntosh, W.C., Kyle, P.R. & Sutter, J.F. (1986). Paleomagnetic results from the Kirkpatrick basalt group, Mesa Range, North Victoria land, Antarctica. In: Editors? Geological Investigations in Northern Victoria Land. Antarctic Res. Series, 46, 289-303.
43. Merrill, R.T. & McFadden, P.L. (1990). Palaeomagnetism and the nature of the Geodynamo. Science, 248, 345-350.
44. Nairn, A.E.M. (1960). A paleomagnetic survey of the Karoo system. Overseas Geol. Min. Res., 7, 398-410.
45. Nicolaysen, L.O., Burger, A.J. & Johnson, R.L. (1962). The age of the Shawa carbonatite complex. Trans, geol. Soc. S. Afr., 65, 293-294.
46. Norton, I.O. & Sclater, J.G. (1979). A model of the evolution of the Indian Ocean and the breakup of Gondwanaland. J. Geophys. Res., 84, 6803-6830.
47. Onstott, T.C. (1980). Application of the gingham distribution function in paleomagnetic studies. J. Geophys. Res., 85, 1500-1510.
48. Rehacek, J. (1995). Chemical and paleomagnetic stratigraphy of basalts in northern Lesotho, Karoo Province. Ph.D. thesis, Washington State Univ., Pullman, 298 pp.
49. Reid, D.L., Erlank, A.J. & Rex, D.C. (1991). Age and correlation of the False Bay dolerite dyke swarm, southwestern Cape, Cape Province. S. Afr. J. Geol.,94, 155-158.
50. Renne, P.R. & Basu, A. R. (1991). Rapid eruption of the Siberian Traps flood basalt at the Permo - Triassic boundary. Science, 253, 176-179.
51. _, Ernesto, M., Pacca, I.G., Coe, R.S., Glen, J.M., Prevot, M. & Perrin, M. (1992). The age of Parana flood basalt volcanism, rifting of Gondwanaland, and the Jurassic-Cretaceous boundary. Science, 258, 975-979.
52. Richardson, S.H. (1984). Sr, Nd, and O isotope variation in an extensive Karoo dolerite sheet, southern Namibia. In: Erlank, A.J. (Ed.), Petrogenesis of the Volcanic Rocks of the Karoo Province. Spec. Publ. geol. Soc. S. Afr., 13, 289-294.
53. 39Ar dating standard Mmhb-1. Chem. Geol. (Isotope Geoscience Section), 66, 27-34.
54. Sichler, B., Olivet, J.L., Auzende, J.M., Jonquet, H., Bonnin, J. & Bonifay, A. (1980). Mobility of Morocco. Can. J. Earth Sci., 17, 1546-1548.
55. Smith, A.G. & Hallam, A. (1970). The fit of the southern continents. Nature, 225, 139-144.
56. Sweeney, R.S. (1988). Geochemistry of the Sabie River Basalt Formation in the central Lebombo, Karoo Igneous Province. Ph.D. thesis, Univ. Cape Town, 309 pp.
57. _, Duncan, A.R. & Erlank, A.J. (1994). Geochemistry and petrogenesis of Central Lebombo basalts of the Karoo Igneous Province. J. Petrol, 37, 95-125.
58. Van Zijl, J.S.V., Graham, K.W.T. & Hales, A.L. (1962). The paleomagnetism of the Stormberg lavas of South Africa. Geophys. J. R. Astro. Soc., 7, 23-29.