Comparative MF radar and Na lidar measurements of fluctuating winds in the mesopause region

Journal of Geophysical Research Atmospheres

Volumn 102, Issue 14, 1997, Pages 16583-16591

  Collins, Richard L ^a   Thorsen, Denise ^b,c   Franke, Steven J ^b,c  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ALASKA FAIRBANKS   (United States)

^b University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign   (United States)

^c UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LIDAR; MESOPAUSE; RADAR; WINDS;

USA, ILLINOIS, URBANA;

EID: 0031395615     PISSN: 01480227     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1029/97jd00766     Document Type: Review

References (47)

1. Balsley, B. B., and R. Garello, The kinetic energy density in the troposphere, stratosphere, and mesosphere: A preliminary study using the Poker Flat MST radar in Alaska, Radio Sci., 20, 1355-1361, 1985.
2. Bills, R. E., C. S. Gardner, and S. F. Franke, Na wind/temperature lidar: Initial mesopause region observations and comparison with the Urbana MF radar, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 22701-22707, 1991a.
3. Bills, R. E., C. S. Gardner, and C. Y. She, Narrowband lidar technique for Na temperature and Doppler wind observations of the upper atmosphere, Opt. Eng., 30, 13-21, 1991b.
4. Briggs, B. H., G. J. Phillips, and D. H. Shinn, The analysis of observations on spaced receivers of the fading of radio signals, Proc. Phys. Soc. B, 63, 106-121, 1950.
5. Burrage, M. D., et al., Validation of mesosphere and lower thermosphere winds from the high resolution Doppler imager on UARS, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 10365-10392, 1996.
6. Collins, R. L., A. Nomura, and C. S. Gardner, Gravity waves in the upper mesosphere over Antarctica: Lidar observations at the South Pole and Syowa, J. Geophys Res., 99, 5475-5485, 1994.
7. Collins, R. L., X. Tao, and C. S. Gardner, Gravity wave activity in the upper mesosphere over Urbana, Illinois: Lidar observations and analysts of gravity wave propagation models, J. Atmos Terr. Phys., 58, 1905-1926, 1996.
8. Dewan, E. M., The saturated-cascade model for atmospheric gravity waves spectra, and the wavelength-period (W-P) relations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 21, 817-820, 1994.
9. Dewan, E. M., and R. E. Good, Saturation and the "universal" spectrum for vertical profiles of horizontal scalar winds in the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 2742-2748, 1986.
10. Franke, S. J., and D. Thorsen, Mean winds and tides in the upper middle atmosphere at Urbana (40°N, 88°W) during 1991-1992, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 18,607-18,615, 1993.
11. Franke, S. J., T. Beatty, D. Thorsen, C. H. Liu, C. S. Gardner, F. L. Roesler, and J. Harlander, Simultaneous Na lidar and HF radar observations of vertical velocities in the mesosphere above Urbana, Illinois, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 69-72, 1990
12. Fritts, D. C., and R. A. Vincent, Mesospheric momentum flux studies at Adelaide, Australia: Observations and a gravity-wave tidal interaction model, J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 605-619, 1987.
13. Gardner, C. S., Diffusive filtering theory of gravity wave spectra in the atmosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 20601-20622, 1994.
14. Gardner, C. S., and J. D. Shelton, Density response of neutral atmospheric layers to gravity wave perturbations, J. Geophys. Res., 90, 1745-1754, 1985.
15. Gardner, C. S., and D. G. Voelz, Lidar studies of the nighttime sodium layer over Urbana, Illinois, 2, Gravity waves, J. Geophys. Res., 92, 4673-4694, 1987.
16. Gardner, C. S., D. C. Senft, T. J. Beatty, R. E. Bills and C. A. Hosteller, Rayleigh and sodium lidar techniques for measuring middle atmosphere density, temperature and wind perturbations and their spectra, World Ionosphere/Thermosphere Study, 2, 148-187, December 1989.
17. Gibson-Wilde, D. E., I. M. Reid, S. D. Eckermann, and R. A. Vincent, Simulation of lidar measurements of gravity waves in the mesosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 101, 9509-9522, 1996.
18. Hickey, M. P., and J. M. C. Plane, A chemical-dynamical model of wave-driven sodium fluctuations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 2, 2861-2864, 1995.
19. Hines, C. O., The saturation of gravity waves in the middle atmosphere, II, Development of Doppler-spread theory, J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1360-1379, 1991.
20. Hines, C. O., Pseudosaturation of gravity waves in the middle atmosphere: An interpretation of certain lidar results, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 55, 441-445, 1993.
21. Hines, C. O., G. W. Adams, J. W. Brosnahan, F. T. Djuth, M. P. Sulzer, C. A. Tepley, and J. S. Van Baelen, Multi-instrument observations of mesospheric motions over Arecibo: Comparisons and interpretations, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 55, 241-287, 1993.
22. Johnson, W. L., Spectral analysis of unevenly sampled wind velocity data from the middle atmosphere at Urbana, Illinois, M. S. thesis, Univ. of Ill., Urbana, 1993.
23. Kudeki, E., P. K. Rastogi, and F. Surucu, Systematic errors in radar wind estimation: Implications for comparative measurements. Radio Sci., 28, 169-179, 1993.
24. Manson, A. H., and C. E. Meek, Characteristics of gravity waves (10 min-6 hours) at Saskatoon (52°N, 107°W): Observations by the phase coherent medium frequency radar, J. Geophys. Res., 98, 20357-20367, 1993.
25. Meek, C. E., An efficient method for analysing ionospheric drifts data, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 42, 835-839, 1980.
26. Meek, C. E., I. M. Reid, and A. H. Manson, Observations of mesospheric wind velocities, 2, Cross sections of power spectral density for 48-8 hours, 8-1 hours, and 1 hour to 10 min over 60-110 km for 1981, Radio Sci., 20, 1383-1402, 1985.
27. Phillips, A., A. H. Manson, C. E. Meek, and E. J. Llewellyn, A long-term comparison of middle atmosphere winds measured at Saskatoon (52°N, 107°W) by a medium-frequency radar and a Fabry-Perot interofermeter, J. Geophys. Res., 99, 12923-12935, 1994.
28. Qian, J., and C. S. Gardner, Simultaneous lidar measurements of mesospheric Ca, Na and temperature profiles at Urbana, Illinois, J. Geophys. Res., 100, 7453-7461, 1995.
29. Rastogi, P. K., and E. Kudeki, Distortion of gravity wave spectra of imaging Doppler interferometry horizontal winds, Radio Sci., 31, 119-127, 1996.
30. Senft, D. C., and C. S. Gardner, Seasonal variability of gravity wave activity and spectra in the mesopause region at Urbana, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 17229-17264, 1991.
31. She, C. Y., H. Latifi, J. R. Yu, R. J. Alvarez, R. E. Bills, and C. S. Gardner, Two-frequency lidar technique for mesospheric Na temperature measurements, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 929-932, 1990.
32. She, C. Y., J. R. Yu, J. W. Huang, C. Nagasawa, and C. S. Gardner, Na temperature lidar measurements of gravity wave perturbations of wind density, and temperature in the mesospause region, Geophys. Res. Lett., 18, 1329-1331, 1991.
33. She, C. Y., J. R. Yu, and R. E. Bills, High-spectral-resolution fluorescence light detection and ranging for mesospheric sodium temperature measurements, Appl. Opt., 31, 2096-2106, 1992.
34. She, C. Y., J. R. Yu, D. A. Krueger, R. Roble, P. Keckhut, A. Hauchecorne, and M. L. Chanin, Vertical structure of the mid-latitude temperature from stratosphere to mesopause (30-105 km), Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 377-380, 1995.
35. Smith, S. A., D. C. Fritts, and T. E. VanZandt, Comparison of mesospheric wind spectra with a gravity wave model, Radio Sci., 20, 1401-1410, 1985.
36. Shelton, J. D., and C. S. Gardner, Theoretical and lidar studies of the density response of the mesospheric sodium layer to gravity wave perturbations, Aeron. Rep. 99, Aeron. Lab., Univ. of Ill., Urbana, 1981.
37. Smith, S. A., D. C. Fritts, and T. E. VanZandt, Evidence for a saturated spectrum of atmospheric gravity waves, J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 1401-1410, 1987.
38. Tsuda, T., Y. Murayama, T. Nakamiura, R. A. Vincent, A. H. Manson, C. E. Meek, and R. L. Wilson, Variations of the gravity wave characteristics with height, season and latitude revealed by comparative observations, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 56, 555-568, 1994.
39. Turek, R. S., K. L. Miller, R. G. Roper, and J. W. Brosnahan, Mesospheric wind studies during AIDA Act '89: Morphology and comparison of various techniques, J. Atmos Terr. Phys., 57, 1321-1343, 1995.
40. VanZandt, T. E., A universal spectrum of buoyancy waves in the atmosphere, Geophys. Res. Lett., 9, 575-578, 1982.
41. Vincent, R. A., Gravity-wave motions in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere observed at Mawson, Antarctica, J. Atmos. Terr. Phys., 56, 593-602, 1994.
42. Weinstock, J., Saturated and unsaturated spectra of gravity waves and scale-dependent diffusion, J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2211-2225, 1990.
43. Wilson, R., A. Hauchecorne, and M. L. Chanin, Gravity wave spectra in the middle atmosphere as observed with Rayleigh lidar, Geophys. Res. Lett., 17, 593-602, 1990.
44. Wu, Y.-F., and H.-U. Widdel, Further study of a saturated gravity wave spectrum in the mesosphere, J. Geophys. Res., 96, 9263-9272, 1991.
45. Yeh, K. C., and C. H. Liu, Evolution of atmospheric spectrum by processes of wave-wave interaction, Radio Sci., 20, 1279-1294, 1985.
46. Yu, J. R., and C. Y. She, Climatology of a midlatitude mesopause region by a lidar at Fort Collins, Colorado (40.6°N, 105°W), J. Geophys. Res., 100, 7441-7452, 1995.
47. Zhu, X., A new theory of the saturated gravity wave spectrum for the middle atmosphere, J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 3615-3626, 1994.