Balanced mesoscale motion and stratified turbulence forced by convection

Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society

Volumn 123, Issue 542, 1997, Pages 1621-1652

  Vallis, G K ^a   Shutts, G J ^b   Gray, M E B ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^b MET OFFICE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Deep convection; Inverse energy cascade; Large eddy simulation; Meso vortices

Indexed keywords

CONVECTION; MODELING; TURBULENCE;

CONVECTION; LARGE-EDDY; MODELING; TURBULENCE;

EID: 0031391294     PISSN: 00359009     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1256/smsqj.54208     Document Type: Article

References (31)

1. Bartello, P. 1995 Geostrophic adjustment and inverse cascades in rotating stratified turbulence. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 4410-4428
2. Boer, G. J. and Shepherd T. G. 1983 Large-scale two-dimensional turbulence in the atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 164-184
3. Charney, J. G. 1971 Geostrophic turbulence. J. Atmos. Sci., 28, 1087-1095
4. Davis, C. A. and Emanuel, K. A. 1991 Potential vorticity diagnosis of cyclogenesis. Mon. Weather Rev., 119, 1929-1953
5. Davis, C. A. and Weisman, M. L. 1994 Balanced dynamics of mesoscale vortices produced in simulated convective systems. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2005-2030
6. Emanuel, K. A. 1989 The finite amplitude nature of tropical cyclogenesis. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 3431-3456
7. Gage, K. S. and Nastrom, G. D. 1986 Theoretical interpretation of atmospheric wavenumber spectra of wind and temperature observed by commercial aircraft during GASP. J. Atmos. Sci., 43, 729-739
8. Gray, M. E. B. 1996 'Geostrophic adjustment following deep convection'. PhD thesis, University of Reading
9. Haynes, P. H. and McIntyre, M. E. 1990 On the conservation and impermeability theorems for potential vorticity. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 2021-2031
10. Herring, J. and Métais, O. 1989 Numerical experiments in forced stably stratified turbulence. J. Fluid Mech., 220, 97-115
11. Kessler, E. 1974 Model precipitation and vertical air currents. Tellus, 26, 519-542
12. Leith, C. E. and Kraichnan, R. H. 1972 Predictability of turbulent flows. J. Atmos. Sci., 29, 1041-1058
13. Leonard, B. P. 1991 The ULTIMATE conservative difference scheme applied to unsteady one-dimensional advection. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., 19, 17-74
14. Lilly, D. K. 1983 Stratified turbulence and the mesoscale variability of the atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 40, 749-761
15. 1989 Two-dimensional turbulence generated by energy sources at two scales. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 2026-2030
16. McWilliams, J. C. 1985 A uniformly valid model spanning the regimes of geostrophic and isotropic stratified turbulence. J. Atmos. Sci., 42, 1773-1774
17. Maltrud, M. E. and Vallis, G. K. 1991 Energy spectra and coherent structures in forced two-dimensional and beta-plane turbulence. J. Fluid Mech., 228, 321-342
18. Métais, O., Riley, J. J. and Lésieur, M. 1994 Numerical simulations of stably stratified rotating turbulence. Pp. 139-151 in Stably-stratified flows - flow and dispersion over topography. Eds. I.P. Castro and N. J. Rockiiff. Clarendon Press
19. Ogura, Y. and Phillips, N. A. 1962 A scale analysis of deep and shallow convection in the atmosphere. J. Atmos. Sci., 19, 173-179
20. Ooyama, K. 1971 A theory on parametrization of cumulus convection. J. Meteorol. Soc. Jpn. (Special Issue), 49, 744-756
21. Raymond, D. J. and Jiang, H. 1990 A theory for long-lived mesoscale convective systems. J. Atmos. Sci., 47, 3067-3077
22. Riley, J. J., Metcalfe, R. W. and Weissman, M. A. 1981 'Direct numerical simulations of homogeneous turbulence in density stratified fluids'. Pp. 79-112 in Proceedings of AIP conference on nonlinear properties of internal waves. Ed. B. J. West
23. Rotunno, R. Klemp, J. B. and Weisman, M. 1988 Structure and evolution of numerically simulated squall lines. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 1990-2014.
24. Schubert, W. H., Hack, J. J., Silva-Dias, P. L. and Fulton, S. R. 1980 Geostrophic adjustment in an axisymmetric vortex. J.Atmos. Sci., 37, 1464-1484
25. Shutts G. J. and Gray, M. E. B. 1994 A numerical modelling study of the geostrophic adjustment process following deep convection. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 120, 1145-1178
26. Shutts G. J., Booth, M. and Norbury, J. 1988 A geometric model of balanced, axisymmetric flows with embedded penetrative convection. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2609-2621
27. Skamarock, W. C., Weisman M. L. and Klemp, J. B. 1994 Three-dimensional evolution of simulated, long-lived squall lines. J. Atmos. Sci., 51, 2563-2584
28. 1985 Remarks on the Predictability properties of two- and three-dimensional flow. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 111, 1039-1047
29. 1996 Potential vorticity inversion and balanced equations of motion for rotating and stratified flows. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 122, 291-322
30. Van Zandt, T. E. 1982 A universal spectrum of buoyancy waves in the atmosphere. Geophys. Res. Lett., 9, 575-578
31. Yuan, L. and Hamilton, K. 1994 Equilibrium dynamics in a forced-dissipative f-plane shallow-water system. J. Fluid Mech., 280, 369-394