Tiletamine-zolazepam anesthesia in North American river otters (Lutra canadensis) and its partial antagonism with flumazenil

Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine

Volumn 28, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 418-423

  Spelman, Lucy H ^a,d   Sumner, Perry W ^b   Karesh, William B ^c   Stoskopf, Michael K ^a  

^a NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^b N Carolina Wildl Rsrc Commission   (United States)

^c WILDLIFE CONSERVATION SOCIETY   (United States)

^d SMITHSONIAN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Anesthesia; Flumazenil; Lutra canadensis; River otter; Tiletamine zolazepam

Indexed keywords

ANESTHETIC AGENT; ANTIDOTE; FLUMAZENIL; HYPNOTIC SEDATIVE AGENT; OXYHEMOGLOBIN; TILETAMINE; ZOLAZEPAM;

ANESTHESIA; ANIMAL; ANIMAL DISEASE; ARTICLE; BODY TEMPERATURE; BREATHING; CARNIVORA; DRUG ANTAGONISM; DRUG EFFECT; FEMALE; HEART RATE; MALE; PHYSIOLOGY; TIME;

ANESTHESIA; ANESTHETICS, DISSOCIATIVE; ANIMALS; ANTIDOTES; BODY TEMPERATURE; FEMALE; FLUMAZENIL; HEART RATE; HYPNOTICS AND SEDATIVES; MALE; OTTERS; OXYHEMOGLOBINS; RESPIRATION; TILETAMINE; TIME FACTORS; ZOLAZEPAM;

EID: 0031307865     PISSN: 10427260     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (18)

1. ®. Vet. Med. 84: 1016-1022.
2. Boever, W. J., J. Holden, and K. K. Kane. 1977. Use of Telazol (C1-744) for chemical restraint and anesthesia in wild and exotic carnivores. Vet. Med./Sm. Anim. Clin. 72: 1722-1725.
3. Gray, C. W., M. Bush, and C. C. Beck. 1974. Clinical experiences using C1-744 in chemical restraint and anesthesia of exotic specimens. J. Zoo Anim. Med. 5: 12-21.
4. Gross, J. B., R. S. Weller, and P. Conard. 1991. Flumazenil antagonism of midazolam-induced ventilatory depression. Anesthesiology 75: 179-185.
5. Gross, M. E., W. J. Tranquilli, J. C. Thurmon, G. J. Benson, and W. A. Olson. 1992. Yohimbine/flumazenil antagonism of hemodynamic alterations induced by a combination of midazolam, xylazine, and butorphanol in dogs. J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. 201: 1887-1890.
6. Ilkiw, J. E. 1992. Other potentially useful new injectable anesthetic agents. In: Haskins, S. C., and A. M. Klide (eds.). Veterinary Clinics of North America: Opinions in Small Animal Anesthesia, 22(2). W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Pp. 281-289.
7. Klein, L. V., and A. M. Klide. 1989. Central alpha-2 adrenergic and benzodiazepine agonists and their antagonists. J. Zoo Wild. Med. 20: 138-153.
8. Kreeger, T. J., U. S. Seal, M. Callahan, and M. Beckel. 1990. Physiological and behavioral responses of gray wolves (Canis lupus) to immobilization with tiletamine and zolazepam. J. Wild. Dis. 26: 90-94.
9. Lauven, P. M., H. Schwilden, and H. H. Stoeckel. 1985. The effects of a benzodiazepine antagonist RO15-1788 in the presence of stable concentrations of midazolam. Anesthesiology 63: 61-64.
10. Lin, H. C., J. C. Thurmon, G. J. Benson, and W. J. Tranquilli. 1993. Telazol - a review of its pharmacology and use in veterinary medicine. J. Vet. Pharmacol. Therap. 16: 383-418.
11. Nether, G. E. 1991. Introduction to Statistics. Springer-Verlag, New York, New York. Pp. 114-115, 273-277.
12. Plumb, D. C. 1994. Veterinary Drug Handbook, 2nd ed. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa. Pp. 276, 604.
13. Schobert, E. 1987. Telazol use in wild and exotic animals. Vet. Med. 82: 1080-1085.
14. Short T. G., K. K. Young, P. Tan, Y. H. Tam, T. Gin, and T. E. Oh. 1994. Midazolam and flumazenil pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics following simultaneous administration to human volunteers. Acta Anesthesiol. Scand. 38: 350-356.
15. Short, C. E., and C. H. Tracey. 1988. Technical discussion about Telazol. Vet. Med. 83: 8-10.
16. Spelman, L. H. (In press). Otter anesthesia. In: Fowler, M. E., and E. R. Miller (eds.). Zoo Wild Animal Medicine. W. B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
17. Spelman, L. H., P. W. Sumner, J. F. Levine, and M. K. Stoskopf. 1994. Medetomidine-ketamine anesthesia in the North American river otter (Lutra canadensis) and reversal by atipamezole. J. Zoo Wildl. Med. 25: 214-223.
18. Spelman, L. H., P. W. Sumner, J. F. Levine, and M. K. Stoskopf. 1993. Field anesthesia in the North American river otter (Lutra canadensis). J. Zoo Wildl. Med. 24: 19-27.