Potential reactions among indoor pollutants

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 31, Issue 21, 1997, Pages 3487-3495

  Weschler, Charles J ^a   Shields, Helen C ^a  

^a TELCORDIA TECHNOLOGIES   (United States)

Author keywords

Free radicals; Hydroxyl radical; Indoor chemistry; Ozone; Terpenes

Indexed keywords

CRIEGREE BIRADICALS; HYDROXYL RADICALS; PEROXYACYL RADICALS; TERPENES;

ALDEHYDES; CARBOXYLIC ACIDS; FREE RADICAL REACTIONS; KETONES; NITRATES; NITROGEN OXIDES; OZONE; PYROLYSIS;

INDOOR AIR POLLUTION;

ALDEHYDE; CARBOXYLIC ACID; FREE RADICAL; KETONE; NITRATE; NITRIC OXIDE; NITROGEN DIOXIDE; ORGANIC NITRATE; OZONE;

AIR EXCHANGE; ATMOSPHERIC POLLUTANT; INDOOR POLLUTANT;

AIR POLLUTANT; AIR SAMPLING; AMBIENT AIR; ARTICLE; CHEMICAL REACTION; INDOOR AIR POLLUTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TIME;

EID: 0031282371     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00219-7     Document Type: Article

References (70)

1. Akimoto, H., Hoshino, M., Inoue, G., Sakamaki, F., Bandow, H. and Okuda, M. (1978) Formation of propylene glycol-1,2-dinitrate in the photooxidation of a propylene-nitrogen oxides-air system. Journal of Environmental Science and Health A13, 677-686.
2. Allen, R. J., Wadden, R. A. and Ross, E. D. (1978) Characterization of potential indoor sources of ozone. American Industrial Hygiene Association Journal 39, 466-471.
3. Atherton, C. S. and Penner, J. E. (1990) The effects of biogenic hydrocarbons on the transformation of nitrogen oxides in the troposphere. Journal of Geophysical Research 95, 14,027-14,038.
4. Atkinson, R. and Lloyd, A. C. (1984) Evaluation of kinetic and mechanistic data for modeling of photochemical smog. Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 13, 315-444.
5. 3 radicals and ozone with sabinene and camphene at 296 K. Atmospheric Environment 24, 2647.
6. 3 with a series of monoterpenes and related compounds at 296 K. International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 22, 871.
7. Atkinson, R., Baulch, D. L., Cox, R. A., Hampson Jr., R. F., Kerr, J. A. and Troe, J. (1992) Evaluated kinetic and photochemical data for atmospheric chemistry: Supplement IV. Journal of Physical Chemical Reference Data 21, 1125-1568.
8. 3 with alkenes. Environmental Science and Technology 29, 1860-1866.
9. Atkinson, R. (1997) Atmospheric reactions of alkoxy and β-hydroxyalkoxy radicals. International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 29, 99-111.
10. Brauer, M., Rasmussen, T. R., Kjaergaard, S. K. and Spengler, J. D. (1993) Nitrous acid formation in an experimental exposure chamber. Indoor Air 3, 94-105.
11. Brown, S. K., Sim, M. R., Abramson, M. J. and Gray, C. N. (1994) Concentrations of volatile organic compounds in indoor air - a review. Indoor Air 4, 123-134.
12. Clausen, P. A., and Wolkoff, P. (1997) Degradation products of Tenax TA formed during sampling and thermal desorption analysis: indicators of reactive species indoors. Atmospheric Environment 31, 715-725.
13. Cox, R. A. and Penkett, S. A. (1972) Effect of relative humidity on the disappearance of ozone and sulphur dioxide in contained systems. Atmospheric Environment 6, 365-368.
14. Englund, F., Larsen, A., Funch, W. L., Saarela, K. and Tirkkonen, T. (1996) Emissions of VOC from wooden floors, surface treated with oils and waxes. In Indoor Air '96, ed. S. Yoshizawa, K. Kimura, K. Ikeda, S. Tanabe and T. Iwata, Vol. 3, pp. 89-94. Organizing Committee of the 7th International Conference of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Tokyo, Japan.
15. Finlayson-Pitts, B. J. and Pitts, J. N. (1986) Atmospheric Chemistry, Wiley, New York.
16. 3 with a series of alkenes at 296 K. International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 24, 803-811.
17. Groes, L., Pejtersen, J. and Valbjorn, O. (1996) Perceptions and symptoms as a function of indoor environmental factors, personal factors and building characteristics in office buildings. In Indoor Air '96, ed. S. Yoshizawa, K. Kimura, K. Ikeda, S. Tanabe and T. Iwata, Vol. 4, pp. 237-242. Organizing Committee of the 7th International Conference of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Tokyo, Japan.
18. Grosjean, D., Williams II, E. L. and Seinfeld, J. H. (1992) Atmospheric oxidation of selected terpenes and related carbonyls: gas-phase carbonyl products. Environmental Science and Technology 26, 1526-1533.
19. Grosjean, D., Williams II, E. L., Grosjean, E., Andino, J. M. and Seinfeld, J. H. (1993) Atmospheric oxidation of biogenic hydrocarbons: reactions of ozone with beta-pinene, d-limonene and trans-caryophyllene. Environmental Science and Technology 27, 2754-2758.
20. Grosjean, E., Grosjean, D., Fraser, M. P. and Cass, G. R. (1996) Air quality model evaluation data for organics. 3. Peroxyacetyl nitrate and peroxypropionyl nitrate in Los Angeles air. Environmental Science and Technology 30, 2704-2714.
21. Gunstone, F. D., Harwood, J. L. and Padley, F. B. (ed.) (1986) The Lipid Handbook, 1st edn. Chapman and Hall, New York.
22. Hawley, G. G. (1971) The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, 8th edn. Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York.
23. Hisham, M. W. M. and Grosjean, D. (1991) Sulfur dioxide, hydrogen sulfide, total reduced sulfur, chlorinated hydrocarbons and photochemical oxidants in Southern California Museums. Atmospheric Environment 25A, 1497-1505.
24. Hodgson, A. T., Wooley, J. D. and Daisey, J. M. (1992) Final report, Interagency Agreement CPSC-IAG-90-1256, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission: Volatile Organic Emissions from Carpets, Report LBL-31916, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California.
25. Hodgson, A. T. (1995) A review and a limited comparison of methods for measuring total volatile organic compounds in indoor air. Indoor Air 5, 247-257.
26. Japar, S. M. Wu, C. H. and Niki, H. (1974) Rate constants for the reaction of ozone with olefins in the gas phase. Journal of Physical Chemistry 78, 2318.
27. Jensen, J., Wolkoff, P., Wilkins, C. K. and Clausen, P. A. (1995) Characterization of linoleum. Part 1: measurement of volatile organic compounds by use of the field and laboratory emission cell, "FLEC". Indoor Air 5, 38-43.
28. Jensen, B., Wolkoff, P. and Wilkins, C. K. (1996) Characterization of linoleum: identification of oxidative emission processes. In Characterizing Sources of Indoor Air Pollution and Related Sink Effects, STP 1287, ed. B. A. Tichenor, pp. 145-152. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
29. Jensen, B. and Wolkoff, P. (1996) VOCBASE Vers. 2.1, National Institute of Occupational Health, Denmark.
30. Karlberg, A., Magnusson, K. and Nilsson, U. (1992) Air oxidation of d-limonene (the citrus solvent) creates potential allergens. Contact Dermatitis 26, 332-340.
31. Kirchner, F. and Stockwell, W. R. (1996) Effect of peroxy radical reactions on the predicted concentrations of ozone, nitrogenous compounds, and radicals. Journal of Geophysical Research 101, 21007-21022.
32. Kirk, R. E. and Othmer, D. F. (1983) Kirk-Øthmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, 3rd ed., Vol. 22. Wiley, New York.
33. Last, J. A. and Warren, D. L. (1987) Synergistic interaction between nitrogen dioxide and respirable aerosols of sulfuric acid or sodium chloride on rat lungs. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 90, 34-42.
34. Lee, K., Spengler, J. D., Vallarino, J. and Ozkaynak, H. (1996) Comparison of air change rate measurement methods: perfluorocarbon tracer gas method and fan pressurization test. In Indoor Air '96, eds. S. Yoshizawa, K. Kimura, K. Ikeda, S. Tanabe, and T. Iwata, Vol. 3, pp. 833-838. Organizing Committee of the 7th International Conference of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Tokyo, Japan,
35. Leovic, K. W., Sheldon, L. S., Whitaker, D. A., Hetes, R. G., Calcagni, J. A. and Baskir, J. N. (1996) Measurement of indoor air emissions from dry-process photocopy machines. Journal of Air Waste Management Association 46, 821-829.
36. Morrison, G. C. and Hodgson, A. T. (1996) Evaluation of ventilation system materials as sources of volatile organic compounds in buildings. In Indoor Air '96, ed. S. Yoshizawa, K. Kimura, K. Ikeda, S. Tanabe and T. Iwata, Vol. 3, pp. 585-590. Organizing Committee of the 7th International Conference of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Tokyo, Japan.
37. Nazaroff, W. W. and Cass, G. R. (1986) Mathematical modeling of chemically reactive pollutants in indoor air. Environmental Science and Technology 20, 924-934.
38. Pitts, J. N., Jr.,Winer, A. M. and Sweetman, J. A. (1984) Final report to California Air Resources Board, Contract No. A3-049-32: Particulate and gas phase mutagens in ambient and simulated atmospheres, December, University of California, Riverside, California.
39. Reiss, R., Ryan, P. B., Koutrakis, P. and Tibbetts, S. J. (1995a) Ozone reactive chemistry on interior latex paint. Environmental Science and Technology 29, 1906-1912.
40. Reiss, R., Ryan, P. B., Tibbetts, S. J. and Koutrakis, P. (1995b) Measurements of organic acids, aldehydes, and ketones in residential environments and their relation to ozone. Journal of Air Waste Management Association 45, 811-822.
41. Sabersky, R. H., Sinema, D. A. and Shair, F. H. (1973) Concentrations, decay rates, and removal of ozone and their relation to establishing clean indoor air. Environmental Science and Technology 7, 347-353.
42. Schwartz, J., Dockery, D. W. and Neas, L. M. (1996) Is daily mortality associated specifically with fine particles? Journal of Air Waste Management Association 46, 927-939.
43. Seifert, B., Mailahn, W., Schulz, C. and Ullrich, D. (1989) Seasonal variation of concentrations of volatile organic compounds in selected German homes. Environ. Inter. 15, 397-408.
44. Seinfeld, J. H. (1986) Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics of Air Pollution. Wiley, New York.
45. Shair, F. H. and Heitner, K. L. (1974) Theoretical model for relating indoor pollutant concentrations to those outside. Environmental Science and Technology 8, 444-451.
46. Shields, H. C., Fleischer, D. M. and Weschler, C. J. (1996) Comparisons among VOCs measured in three types of U.S. commercial buildings with different occupant densities. Indoor Air 6, 2-17.
47. Smedje, G., Norback, D., Wessen, B. and Edling C. (1996) Asthma among school employees in relation to the school environment. In Indoor Air '96, ed. S. Yoshizawa, K. Kimura, K. Ikeda, S. Tanabe and T. Iwata, Vol. 1, pp. 611-616. Organizing Committee of the 7th International Conference of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Tokyo, Japan.
48. Spengler, J. D., Lee, K., Levy, J. I. and Yanagisawa, Y. (1996) Impact of residential nitrogen dioxide exposure on personal exposure: an international study. In Indoor Air '96, ed. S. Yoshizawa, K. Kimura, K. Ikeda, S. Tanabe and T. Iwata, Vol. 1, pp. 931-936. Organizing Committe of the 7th International Conference of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Tokyo, Japan.
49. 2 removal from indoor air by residential materials. Environmental Interactions 15, 643-654.
50. Spicer, C. W., Buxton, B. E., Holdren, M. W., Kelly, T. J., Rust, S. W., Ramamurthi, M., Smith, D. L., Pate, A. D., Sverdrup, G. M., Chuang, J. C. and Shah, J. (1993a) Variability and Source Attribution of Hazardous Urban Air Pollutants. Battelle, Columbus, Ohio.
51. 3 in indoor environments. Journal of Air Waste Management Association 43, 1479-1485.
52. Sundell, J., Andersson, B., Andersson, K. and Lindvall, T. (1993) Volatile organic compounds in ventilating air in buildings at different sampling points in the buildings and their relationship with the prevalence of occupant symptoms. Indoor Air 3, 82-93.
53. Sverdrup, G. M., Spicer, C. W. and Ward, G. F. (1987) Investigation of the gas phase reaction of dinitrogen pentoxide with water vapor. International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 19, 191-205.
54. Thompson, C. R., Hensel, E. G. and Kats, G. (1973) Outdoor-indoor levels of six air pollutants. Journal of Air Pollution Control Association 23, 881-886.
55. 3. Environmental Science and Technology 27, 1832-1841.
56. Wallace, L. A. (1987) The total exposure assessment methodology (TEAM) study: Summary and analysis, Vol. 1, EPA/600/6-87/002a. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, D.C.
57. 2 with solid NaCl and NaBr-atmospheric and toxicological implications. Atmospheric Environment 30, 3109-3113.
58. Wayne, R. P., Barnes, I., Biggs, P., Burrows, J. P., Canosa-Mas, C. E., Hjorth, J., Le Bras, G., Moortgat, G. K., Ferner, K., Poulet, G., Restelli, G. and Sidebottom, H. (1991) The nitrate radical: physics, chemistry, and the atmosphere. Atmospheric Environment 25A, 1-206.
59. Weschler, C. J., H. C. Shields, and D. V. Naik (1989) Indoor ozone exposures, Journal of Air Pollution Control Association 39, 1562-1568.
60. Weschler, C. J. and Hodgson, A. T. (1992) Indoor VOCs: is what you measure on Tuesday night the same as what you measure on Wednesday afternoon? In IAQ'92: Environments For People, pp. 213-219. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-conditioning Engineers, Atlanta.
61. Weschler, C. J., Brauer, M. and Koutrakis, P. (1992a) Indoor ozone and nitrogen dioxide: a potential pathway to the generation of nitrate radical, dinitrogen pentaoxide and nitric acid indoors. Environmental Science and Technology 26, 179-184.
62. Weschler, C. J., Hodgson, A. T. and Wooley, J. D. (1992b) Indoor chemistry: ozone, volatile organic compounds and carpets. Environmental Science and Technology 26, 2371-2377.
63. 2 as evidenced by 14 months of measurements at a site in Southern California. Environmental Science and Technology 28, 2120-2132.
64. Weschler, C. J., and Shields, H. C. (1996a) Chemical transformations of indoor air pollutants. In Indoor Air '96, ed. S. Yoshizawa, K. Kimura, K. Ikeda, S. Tanabe and T. Iwata, Vol. 1, pp. 919-924. Organizing Committe of the 7th International Conference of Indoor Air Quality and Climate, Tokyo, Japan.
65. Weschler, C. J. and Shields, H. C. (1996b) Production of the hydroxyl radical in indoor air. Environmental Science and Technology 30, 3250-3258.
66. Wolkoff, P. (1995) Volatile organic compounds - sources, measurements, emissions, and the impact on indoor air quality. Indoor Air (Suppl. 3), 1-73.
67. Zhang, J. and Lioy, P. (1994) Ozone in residential air: concentrations, I/O ratios, indoor chemistry, and exposures. Indoor Air 4, 95-105.
68. Zhang, J., He, Q. and Lioy, P. J. (1994a) Characteristics of aldehydes: concentrations, sources, and exposures of indoor and outdoor residential microenvironments. Environmental Science and Technology 28, 146-152.
69. Zhang, J., Wilson, W. E. and Lioy, P. J. (1994b) Indoor air chemistry: formation of organic acids and aldehydes. Environmental Science and Technology 28, 1975-1982.
70. Zhang, J., Wilson, W. E. and Lioy, P. J. (1994c) Sources of organic acids in indoor air: a field study. Journal of Exposure Analysis and Environmental Epidemiology 4, 25-47.