Estimation of earthquake losses to buildings

Earthquake Spectra

Volumn 13, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 703-720

  Kircher, Charles A ^a   Reitherman, Robert K ^b   Whitman, Robert V ^c   Arnold, Christopher ^d  

^a Kircher and Associates   (United States)

^b California Universities Res E   (United States)

^c MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY   (United States)

^d Building Systems Development Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BUILDING; DYNAMIC RESPONSE; EARTHQUAKE DAMAGE; EARTHQUAKE PREDICTION; ESTIMATION METHOD; STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS; STRUCTURAL RESPONSE;

BUILDINGS; ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFECTS; STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS;

EARTHQUAKE LOSS ESTIMATION;

EARTHQUAKE RESISTANCE;

EID: 0031270462     PISSN: 87552930     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1193/1.1585976     Document Type: Article

References (21)

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3. Benioff, Hugo, 1934. "The Physical Evaluation of Seismic Destructiveness," Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, Vol. 24, No. 4, October 1934, pp. 398-403.
4. California Governor's Office of Emergency Services (OES), 1995. The Northridge Earthquake of January 17, 1994: Report of Data Collection and Analysis, Part A: Damage and Inventory Data. (Sacramento, CA: State of California).
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7. Eguchi, Ronald T., James D. Goltz, Craig E. Taylor, Stephanie E. Chang, Paul J. Flores, Laurie A. Johnson, Hope A. Seligson, and Neil C. Biais, 1996. "The Northridge Earthquake as an Economic Event: Direct Capital Losses," Analyzing Economic Impacts and Recovery from Urban Earthquakes: Issues for Policy Makers," EERI Conference, October 10-11, 1996, Pasadena, California. (Oakland, CA: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute).
8. Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA), 1994. Assessment of the State-of-the-Art Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodologies. (Washington, DC: FEMA 249).
9. Freeman, John R., 1932. Earthquake Damage and Earthquake Insurance: Studies of A Rational Basis for Earthquake Insurance, also studies of Engineering Data for Earthquake-Resisting Construction. (New York: McGraw-Hill). Disaggregation of results is a feature of a loss estimation study that is frequently desired. Freeman, by contrast, advocated portraying an earthquake's damage at the most aggregate of scales which usefully illuminates the subject from a different angle. He calculated ratios of total damage to all buildings in a large urban district to their total value, e.g. "the average percentage of earthquake damage to sound value within any district of say 5 square miles covering the region most seriously affected, has seldom amounted to more than 5 per cent" (p. 622).
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14. National Research Council, 1989. Estimating Losses from Future Earthquakes. Report of the Panel on Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology. (Washington, DC: National Academy Press).
15. Risk Management Solutions, Inc. 1996. "The Northridge Earthquake Examination of Damage and Loss Statistics and Calibration of the IRAS Model" (unpublished).
16. SAC Joint Venture, 1995. Technical report: Characterization of Ground Motions during the Northridge Earthquake of January 17, 1994. SAC 95-03 (Sacramento, CA: SAC Joint Venture).
17. Seismic Safety Commission (SSC), 1995. Turning Loss to Gain. SSC Report No. 95-01 (Sacramento, CA: Seismic Safety Commission, State of California).
18. Steinbrugge, Karl V., 1982. Earthquake, Volcanoes, and Tsunamis: An Anatomy of Hazards. (New York: Skandia America Group).
19. Whitman, Robert V., Thalia Anagnos, Charles A. Kircher, Henry J. Lagorio, R. Scott Lawson, Philip Schneider, 1997. "Development of a National Earthquake Loss Estimation Methodology," Earthquake Spectra, Vol. 13, No. 4, (Oakland, California: Earthquake Engineering Research Institute).
20. Whitman, Robert V., et al., 1974. Methodology and Pilot Application. (Cambridge, MA: Department of Civil Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology).
21. Whitman, Robert V., J. W. Reed, and S. T. Hong, 1973. "Earthquake Damage Probability Matrices," Proceedings of the Fifth World Conference on Earthquake Engineering.