Taxonomic Status of Ixodes neotomae and I. spinipalpis (Acari: Ixodidae) Based on Mitochondrial DNA Evidence

Journal of Medical Entomology

Volumn 34, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 696-703

  Norris, Douglas E ^a,b   Klompen, J S H ^a,c   Keirans, James E ^a,d   Lane, Robert S ^a,e   Piesman, Joseph ^a,f   Black IV, William C ^a  

^a Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences   (United States)

^b University of Texas Medical Branch School of Medicine   (United States)

^c OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^d GEORGIA SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY   (United States)

^e UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA   (United States)

^f NATIONAL CENTER FOR EMERGING AND ZOONOTIC INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

Author keywords

Ixodes neotomae; Ixodes spinipalpis; Lyme disease; Mitochondrial dna; Polymerase chain reaction; Population genetics

Indexed keywords

ACARI; BORRELIA; BORRELIA BURGDORFERI; IXODES JELLISONI; IXODES NEOTOMAE; IXODES PACIFICUS; IXODES SPINIPALPIS; IXODIDAE;

MITOCHONDRIAL DNA;

ANIMAL; ARTICLE; CLASSIFICATION; DNA SEQUENCE; GENETICS; IXODES; PHYLOGENY; SINGLE STRAND CONFORMATION POLYMORPHISM;

ANIMALS; DNA, MITOCHONDRIAL; IXODES; PHYLOGENY; POLYMORPHISM, SINGLE-STRANDED CONFORMATIONAL; SEQUENCE ANALYSIS, DNA;

EID: 0031263026     PISSN: 00222585     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/34.6.696     Document Type: Article

References (36)

1. Black, W. C., IV, and N. M. DuTeau. 1997. RAPD-PCR and SSCP analysis for insect population genetic studies, pp. 361-373. In J. Crampton, C. B. Beard, and C. Louis [eds. ], The molecular biology of insect disease vectors: a methods manual. Chapman & Hall, New York.
2. Black, W. C., IV, and J. Piesman. 1994. Phylogeny of hard- and soft-tick taxa (Acari: Ixodida) based on mitochondrial 16S rDNA sequences. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91: 10034-10038.
3. Black, W. C., IV, D. K. McLain, and K. S. Rai. 1989. Patterns of variation in the rDNA cistron within and among world populations of a mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Genetics 121: 539-550.
4. Black, W. C., IV, J.S.H. Klompen, and J. E. Keirans. 1997. Phylogenetic relationships among tick subfamilies (Ixodida: Ixodidae: Argasidae) based on the 18S nuclear rDNA gene. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 7: 129-144.
5. Brown, R. N., and R. S. Lane. 1992. Lyme disease in California: a novel enzootic transmission cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi. Science (Wash. D.C.) 256: 1439-1442.
6. Cooley, R. A. 1944. Ixodes neotomae, a new species from California (Acarina: Ixodidae). Pan-Pac. Entomol. 20: 7-12.
7. Cooley, R. A., and G. M. Kohls. 1945. The genus Ixodes in North America. Natl. Inst. Health Bull. 184.
8. Dolan, M. C., G. O. Maupin, N. A. Panella, W. T. Golde, and J. Piesman. 1997. Vector competence of Ixodes scapularis, Ixodes spinipalpis, and Dermacentor andersoni (Acari: Ixodidae) in transmitting Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease. J. Med. Entomol. 34: 128-135.
9. Durden, L. A., and J. E. Keirans. 1996. Nymphs of the genus Ixodes (Acari: Ixodidae) of the United States: taxonomy, identification key, distribution, hosts and medical/veterinary importance. Thomas Say Publications in Entomology. Entomological Society of America, Lanham, MD.
10. Furman, D. P., and E. C. Loomis. 1984. The ticks of California (Acari: Ixodida). Bull. Calif. Insect Surv. 25: 1-239.
11. Gibbons, A. 1992. Mitochondrial Eve: wounded but not dead yet. Science (Wash. D.C.) 257: 873-875.
12. Gutell, R. R., N. Larsen, and C. R. Woese. 1994. Lessons from an evolving rRNA: 16S and 23S rRNA structures from a comparative perspective. Microbiol. Rev. 58: 10-26.
13. Hadwen, S., and G.H.F. Nuttall. 1916. Notes on ticks, IV. Relating to the genus Ixodes and including a description of three new species and two new varieties. Parasitology 8: 294-337.
14. Hasegawa, M., H. Kishino, and T. Yano. 1985. Dating of the human-ape splitting by a molecular clock of mitochondrial DNA. J. Mol. Evol. 22: 160-174.
15. Hickson, R. E., C. Simon, A. Cooper, G. S. Spicer, J. Sullivan, and D. Penny. 1996. Conserved sequence motifs, alignment, and secondary structure for the third domain of animal 12S rRNA. Mol. Biol. Evol. 13: 150-169.
16. Higgins, D. G., and P. M. Sharp. 1989. Fast and sensitive multiple sequence alignments on a microcomputer. Comput. Appl. Biosci. 5: 151-153.
17. Hiss, R. H., D. E. Norris, C. R. Dietrich, R. F. Whitcomb, D. F. West, C. F. Bosio, S. Khambhampati, J. Piesman, M. F. Antolin, and W. C. Black IV. 1994. Molecular taxonomy using single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis of mitochondrial ribosomal DNA genes. Insect Mol. Biol. 3: 171-182.
18. Johnson, B.J.B., C. M. Happ, L. W. Mayer, and J. Piesman. 1992. Detection of Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks by species-specific amplification of the flagellin gene. Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 47: 730-741.
19. Kawasaki, E. S. 1990. Sample preparation from blood, cells and other fluids, pp. 146-152. In M. A. Innis, D. H. Gelfand, J. J. Sinsky, and T. J. White [eds.], PCR protocols: a guide to methods and applications. Academic, New York.
20. Keirans, J. E., and C. M. Clifford. 1983. Ixodes (Pholeoixodes) eastoni n. sp. (Acari: Ixodidae), a parasite of rodents and insectivores in the Black Hills of South Dakota, USA. J. Med. Entomol. 20: 90-98.
21. Keirans, J. E., R. N. Brown, and R. S. Lane. 1996. Ixodes (Ixodes) jellisoni and I. (I.) neotomae (Acari: Ixodidae): descriptions of the immature stages from California. J. Med. Entomol. 33: 319-327.
22. Khambhampati, S., K. M. Kjer, and B. L. Thorne. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships among termite families based on DNA sequence of mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene. Insect Mol. Biol. 5: 229-238.
23. Kishino, H., and M. Hasegawa. 1989. Evaluation of the maximum likelihood estimate of the evolutionary tree topologies from DNA sequence data, and the branching order in Hominoidea. J. Mol. Evol. 29: 170-179.
24. Kjer, K. M. 1995. Use of rRNA secondary structure in phylogenetic studies to identify homologous positions: an example of alignment and data presentation from frogs. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 4: 314-320.
25. Lane, R. S., and J. E. Keirans. 1997. Ixodes spinipalpis: a probable enzootic vector of Borrelia burgdorferi in California. In G. R. Needham, R. Mitchell, D. J. Horn, and W. C. Welbourn [eds.], Ninth International Congress of Acarology. Ohio Biological Survey, Columbus, OH. (in press).
26. Larsen, N. 1992. Higher order interactions in 23S rRNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89: 5044-5048.
27. Lewontin, R. C. 1972. The apportionment of human diversity, pp. 381-398. In T. Dobzhansky, M. Hetch, and W. Steele [eds.], Evolutionary biology, vol. 6. Appleton Century-Crofts, New York.
28. Maupin, G. O., K. L. Gage, J. Piesman, J. Montenieri, S. L. Sviat, L. VanderZanden, C. M. Happ, M. C. Dolan, and B.J.B. Johnson. 1994. Discovery of an enzootic cycle of Borrelia burgdorferi in Neotoma mexicana and Ixodes spinipalpis from Northern Colorado, an area where Lyme disease in nonendemic. J. Infect. Dis. 170: 636-643.
29. Norris, D. E., J.S.H. Klompen, J. E. Keirans, and W. C. Black IV. 1996. Population genetics of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) based on mitochondrial 16S and 12S genes. J. Med. Entomol. 33: 78-89.
30. Orita, M., H. Iwahana, H. Kanazawa, K. Hayashi, and T. Sekiya. 1989. Detection of polymorphisms of human DNA by gel electrophorese as single-strand conformation polymorphisms. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 86: 2766-2770.
31. Rhoads, D. D., and D. J. Roufa. 1989. SEQAID II user's manual, version 3.6. Kansas State University Press, Manhattan.
32. Rich, S. M., D. A. Caporale, S. R. Telford III, T. D. Kocher, D. L. Hartl, and A. Spielman. 1995. Distribution of the Ixodes ricinus-like ticks of eastern North America. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92: 6284-6288.
33. Saitou, N., and M. Nei. 1987. The neighbor-joining method: a new method for reconstructing phylogenetic trees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 4: 406-425.
34. Swofford, D. L. 1997. PAUP: phylogenetic analysis using parsimony, version 4.0. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC.
35. Tamura, K., and M. Nei. 1993. Estimation of the number of nucleotide substitutions in the control region of the mitochondrial DNA in humans and chimpanzees. Mol. Biol. Evol. 10: 512-526.
36. Van de Peer, Y., I. Van den Broeck, P. De Rijk, and R. De Wachter. 1994. Database on the structure of small ribosomal subunit RNA. Nucl. Acids Res. 22: 3488-3494.