The annual risk of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis in England and Wales since 1901

International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Volumn 1, Issue 5, 1997, Pages 389-396

  Vynnycky, E ^a   Fine, P E M ^a  

^a LONDON SCHOOL OF HYGIENE AND TROPICAL MEDICINE   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

Annual risk of tuberculous infection; England and wales; Tuberculous meningitis mortality

Indexed keywords

BCG VACCINE; DIAGNOSTIC AGENT; TUBERCULIN;

ADOLESCENT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; ARTICLE; CHILD; FEMALE; HUMAN; IMMUNOLOGY; INCIDENCE; INFANT; INFORMATION PROCESSING; MALE; MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS; PRESCHOOL CHILD; RISK FACTOR; SEX RATIO; SURVIVAL RATE; TUBERCULOUS MENINGITIS; UNITED KINGDOM;

ADOLESCENT; AGE DISTRIBUTION; BCG VACCINE; CHILD; CHILD, PRESCHOOL; DATA COLLECTION; ENGLAND; FEMALE; HUMANS; INCIDENCE; INFANT; MALE; MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS; RISK FACTORS; SEX DISTRIBUTION; SURVIVAL RATE; TUBERCULIN; TUBERCULOSIS, MENINGEAL; WALES;

EID: 0031242009     PISSN: 10273719     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Styblo K, Meijer J, Sutherland I, The transmission of tubercle bacilli: its trend in a human population. Bull Int Union Tuberc 1969; 42: 5-104.
2. Sutherland I, Bleiker M A, Meijer J, Styblo K. The risk of infection in the Netherlands from 1967 to 1979. Tubercle 1983; 64: 241-253.
3. MRC. MRC national tuberculin survey 1949-50. Lancet 1952; 1: 775-785.
4. Christie P N, Sutherland I. A national tuberculin survey in Great Britain in 1971-1973. Bull Int Union Tuberc 1976; 51: 185-190.
5. Hart P D. The value of tuberculin tests in man. No. 164 in MRC Special Report Series. London: HMSO; 1932.
6. Daniels M, Ridehalgh F, Springett V H, Hall I M. Tuberculosis in young adults. Report on the Prophit tuberculosis survey 1935-1944. London: H.K. Lewis & Co. Ltd; 1948.
7. British Tuberculosis Association. Sensitivity to human and avian tuberculosis among schoolchildren in England and Wales. Tubercle 1963; 44: 119-134.
8. Sjörgen I, Sutherland I. The risk of tuberculous infection in Sweden. Tubercle 1975; 56: 97-112.
9. de March-Ayela P. Trend in tuberculosis meningitis in Barcelona in children aged 0-4 years: correlation with the annual risk of infection. Tubercle Lung Dis 1994; 75: 423-428.
10. Registrar General. Annual report of the Registrar General of births, deaths and marriages in England and Wales. London: HMSO; annually.
11. The Registrar General. The Registrar General's statistical review of England and Wales. London: HMSO; annually, 1954-1973.
12. Office for Population and Census Surveys. Communicable Disease Statistics. Series MB2, nos 1-17. Government Statistical Service 1974-1990.
13. Bradley B L, Kerr K M, Leitch A G, Lamb D. Notification of tuberculosis: can the pathologist help? BMJ 1988; 297: 595.
14. Sheldon C D, King K, Cock H, Wilkinson P, Barnes N C. Notifications of tuberculosis: how many cases are never reported? Thorax 1992; 47: 1015-1018.
15. Joseph C A, Watson J M, Fern K J. BCG immunization in England and Wales: a survey of policy and practice in school-children and neonates. BMJ 1992; 305: 495-498.
16. PHLS. PHLS surveillance of BCG vaccine. Twenty third report, academic year 1991/1992. Tech. rep.; PHLS 1992.
17. Springett V H. Ten-year results during the introduction of chemotherapy for tuberculosis. Tubercle 1971; 52: 73-87.
18. Sutherland I. Recent studies in the epidemiology of tuberculosis based on the risk of being infected with tubercle bacilli vol. 19 of Adv Tuberc Res; pp. 1-63. Karger; Basel 1976.
19. Sutherland I, Fayers P M. The association of the risk of infection with age. Bull Int Union Tuberc 1975; 50: 71-81.
20. Grzybowski S, Allen E A. The challenge of tuberculosis in decline: a study based on the epidemiology of tuberculosis in Ontario, Canada. Am Rev Respir Dis 1964; 90: 707-720.
21. Medical Research Council. BCG and vole bacillus vaccines in the prevention of tuberculosis in adolescents. BMJ 1956; 1: 413-427.
22. Grzybowski S, Styblo K, Dorken E. Tuberculosis in Eskimos. Tubercle 1976; 57 (Suppl.): 1-58.
23. Weiss E S. Tuberculin sensitivity in Alaska. Public Health Rep 1953; 68: 23-27.
24. Rodrigues L C, Diwan V K, Wheeler J G. Protective effect of BCG against tuberculous meningitis and miliary tuberculosis: a meta-analysis. Int J Epidemiol 1993; 22: 1154-1158.
25. Department of Health, Social Security. On the state of public health for the year ended 1949. London: HMSO; 1950.
26. Crofton J. The contribution of treatment to the prevention of tuberculosis. Bull Int Union Tuberc 1962; 32: 643-653.
27. Fine P E M. The BCG story: lessons from the past and implications for the future. Rev Inf Dis 1989; 11, Supplement 2: S353-S359.
28. Sutherland I, Springett V H. The effects of the scheme for BCG vaccination of schoolchildren and the consequences of discontinuing the scheme at various dates. J Epidemiol Community Health 1989; 43: 15-24.