Ozone and NO2 exchange to fruit orchards

Atmospheric Environment

Volumn 31, Issue 17, 1997, Pages 2767-2776

  Walton, S ^a   Gallagher, M W ^a   Choularton, T W ^a   Duyzer, J ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^b NONE

Author keywords

Agricultural crops; Deposition; Eddy correlation; Fruit orchard; Nitrogen; NO2; Ozone

Indexed keywords

CULTIVATION; NITROGEN; NITROGEN OXIDES; OZONE;

EDDY CORRELATION; STOMATAL OZONE UPTAKE;

AIR POLLUTION;

NITROGEN DIOXIDE; OZONE;

CROP YIELD; DEPOSITION; ORCHARD; OZONE; OZONE POLLUTION;

AIR POLLUTION; ARTICLE; CROP; FRUIT; GROWTH RATE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TREE; UNITED KINGDOM;

UK;

EID: 0031239452     PISSN: 13522310     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S1352-2310(97)00096-4     Document Type: Article

References (24)

1. Businger, J. A. (1986) Evaluation of the accuracy with which dry deposition can be measured with current micrometeorological techniques. Journal of Climate Applied Meteorology 25, 1100-1124.
2. Chamberlain, A. C. (1966). Transport of gases to and from grass like surface. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London 290A, 236-265.
3. 2 to a Dutch heathland using the eddy-correlation technique. Quarterly Journal of Royal Meteorological Society 118, 767-786.
4. 3 between vegetation and the Atmosphere. Ph.D. thesis, University of Manchester.
5. 3 uptake by Sitka Spruce. Atmospheric Environment 29, 1413-1424.
6. Duyzer, J. H. and Weststrate, J. H. (1995). The use of the gradient technique to monitor trace gas fluxes over forest. In Dry Deposition of Ozone and Nitrogen Dioxide over Europe. IMW-TNO Report no. R 95/148 (edited by Duyzer J. H.), Vol. 2, June 1995.
7. Duyzer, J. H., Weststrate, H. and Walton, S. (1995a). Exchange of ozone and nitrogen oxides between the atmosphere and coniferous forest. Water Air and Soil Pollution 85, 2065-2070.
8. 3 with forests. TNO-Report R95/113.TNO, Institute of Environmental Sciences, The Netherlands.
9. Duyzer, J. H. (1995) Deposition of Nitrogen Dioxide and Ozone to European forests. Report to the European Commission project no. ERBE5V CT920060/ERBCIPD CT930044. Pub. TNO Institute of Envireonmental Sciences, TNO-MW R95/148 Vols. 1 and 2.
10. 2 flux. Boundary-Layer-Meteorology 74, 321-340.
11. Garland, J. A. (1977). The dry deposition of sulphur dioxide to land and water surfaces. Proceedings of the Royal Society London 354A, 245-268.
12. Güsten, H., Heinrich, G., Schmidt, R. W. H. and Schurath, U. (1993) A novel ozone sensor for various environmental applications. A contribution to subproject BIATEX. In Proceedings of Eurotrac Symposium, 1992 (edited by Borrell P. M. et al.), pp 743-746. SPB Publishing bv, The Hague, The Netherlands.
13. Hicks, B. B., Baldocchi, D. D., Meyers, T. P., Hosker Jr. R. P. and Matt, D. R. (1977). A preliminary multiple resistance routine for deriving dry deposition velocities from measured quantities. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 36, 311-330.
14. Kaimal, J. C. and Gaynor, J. E. (1991) Another look at sonic thermometry. Boundary-Layer-Meteorology 56, 401-410.
15. Lenschow, D. H. and Raupach, M. R. (1991) The attenuation of fluctuations in scalar concentrations through sampling tubes. Journal of geophysics Research 96, 15,259-15,268.
16. Pilegaard, K., Jensen N. O. and Hummelshoj, P. (1995), Seasonal and diurnal variation in the deposition velocity of ozone over a Spruce forest in Denmark. Water, Air and Soil Pollution 85, 2223-2228.
17. Skiba, U., Hargreaves, K. J., Fowler, D. and Smith, K. A. (1992) Fluxes of nitric and nitrous oxide from agricultural soils in a cool temperate climate. Atmospheric Environment 26A, 2477-2488.
18. Sutton, M. A., Smith, R. I., Eager, M., Place, C. J. and Asman, W. A. H. (1993) Modelling the net exchange of reduced nitrogen. In Air Pollution Research Report 47, Joint Workshop, CEC/Biatex of Eurotrac, General Assessment of biogenic Emissions and Deposition of Nitrogen Compounds, Sulphur and Oxidants in Europe (edited by Slanina J. et al.). Aveiro, Portugal, pp. 125-140.
19. Tanner, C. B. and Thurtell, G. W. (1969) Anemo-clinometer measurements of Reynolds stress and heat transport in the atmospheric surface layer. Final Report, TRECOM 66-622-F, Univ.Wisconsin, Madison, U.S.A.
20. Thom, A. S. (1972). Momentum, mass and heat exchange to vegetation. Quarterly Journal of Royal Meteorology Society 98, 124-134.
21. 3 Exchange Above and Below European Forest. Ph.D. thesis, UMIST.
22. 3 above and below a deciduos canopy. Atmospheric Environment (Submitted).
23. Webb, E. K., Pearman, G. I. and Leuning, R. (1980). Correction of flux measurements for density effects due to heat and water vapour transfer. Quarterly Journal Royal Meteorological Society 106, 85-100.
24. Williams, E. J., Guenther, A. and Fehsenfeld, F. C. (1992) An inventory of nitric oxide emissions from soils in the United States. Journal of geophysics Research 92, 7511-7519.