The cellular origins of memory B cells

Seminars in Immunology

Volumn 9, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 241-247

  Klinman, Norman R ^a  

^a SCRIPPS RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

Affinity maturation; Antibody repertoire; Immune memory progenitors; Memory B cells; Naive memory progenitors; Somatic mutation

Indexed keywords

B LYMPHOCYTE; GERMINAL CENTER; IMMUNOLOGICAL MEMORY; LYMPHOCYTE CLONE; MEMORY CELL; REVIEW; SOMATIC MUTATION; STEM CELL;

EID: 0031214174     PISSN: 10445323     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/smim.1997.0075     Document Type: Article

References (55)

1. 1. Tonegawa S (1983) Somatic generation of antibody diversity. Nature 302:575
2. H. Cell 19:981
3. H fusions. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 79:4118
4. 4. Cancro MP, Gerhard W, Klinman NR (1978) The diversity of the primary influenza specific B cell repertoire in BALB/ c mice. J Exp Med 147:776
5. 5. Sigal NH, Klinman NR (1978) The B cell clonotype repertoire. Adv Immunol 26:225
6. 6. Klinman NR, Linton PJ (1988) The clonotype repertoire of B cell subpopulations. Adv Immunol 42:1
7. 7. Decker DJ, Boyle NE, Koziol J, Klinman NR (1991) The expression of the immunoglobulin heavy chain repertoire in developing bone marrow B lineage cells. J Immunol 146:350
8. 8. Perlmutter RM, Crews ST, Douglas R, Sorensen G, Johnson N, Nivera N, Gearhart PJ, Hood L (1984) The generation of diversity in phosphorylcholine-binding antibodies. Adv Immunol 35:1
9. 9. Manser T, Wysocki LJ, Margolies MN, Gefter ML (1987) Evolution of antibody variable region structure during the immune response. Immunol Rev 96:141
10. 10. Eisen HN, Siskind GW (1964) Variations in affinities of antibodies during the immune response. Biochemistry 3:996
11. 11. Blier PR, Bothwell ALM (1988) The immune response to the hapten NP in C57BL/ 6 mice: insights into the structure of the B cell repertoire, Immunol Rev 105:27
12. 12. Klinman NR, Rockey JH, Frauenberger G, Karush F (1966) Equine antihapten antibody. III. The comparative properties of the γG- and γA-antibodies. J Immunol 96:587
13. 13. Klinman NR (1972) The mechanism of antigenic stimulation of primary and secondary clonal precursor cells. J Exp Med 136:241
14. 14. Clarke SH, Huppi K, Ruezinsky D, Staudt L, Gerhard W, Weigart M (1985) Inter and intraclonal diversity in the antibody response to influenza hemagglutinin. J Exp Med 161:687
15. 15. Berek C, Milstein C (1987) Mutation drift and repertoire shift in the maturation of the immune response. Immunol Rev 96:23
16. 16. Rajewsky K, Forster L, Cumano A (1987) Evolutionary and somatic selection of the antibody repertoire in the mouse. Science 238:1088
17. 17. Gray D, Kosco M, Stockinger B (1990) Novel pathways of antigen presentation for maintenance of memory. Int Immunol 3:141
18. 18. MacLennan ICM, Gray D (1986) Germinal center cells express bcl-2 protein after activation by signals which prevent their entry into apoptosis. Eur J Immunol 21:1905
19. 19. Jacobson EB, Caporale LH, Thorbecke GJ (1974) Effect of thymus cell injections on germinal center formation in lymphoid tissues of nude (thymusless) mice. Cell Immunol 13:416
20. 20. Jacob J, Kelsoe G, Rajewsky K, Weiss U (1991) Intraclonal generation of antibody mutants in germinal centers. Nature 354:389
21. 21. Berek C, Beige A, Apel M (1991) Maturation of the immune response in germinal centers. Cell 67:1121
22. 22. Tew JG, Kosco MH, Burton GF, Szakal AK (1990) Follicular dendritic cells as accessory cells. Immunol Rev 117:185
23. 23. Linton PJ, Decker DJ, Klinman NR (1989) Primary antibody forming cells and secondary B cells are generated from separate precursor cell subpopulations. Cell 59:1049
24. 24. Linton PJ, Lo D, Lai L, Thorbecke GJ, Klinman NR (1992) Among naive precursor cell subpopulations only progenitors of memory B cells originate germinal centers. Eur J Immunol 22:1293
25. 25. Decker DJ, Linton PJ, Jacobs SN, Biery M, Gingeras TR, Klinman NR (1995) Defining subsets of naive and memory B cells based on their ability to somatically mutate in vitro. Immunity 2:195
26. 26. Jacob J, Kelsoe G (1992) In situ studies of the primary immune response to (4-hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl)acetyl. II. A common clonal origin for periarteriolar lymphoid sheath associated foci and germinal centers. J Exp Med 176:679
27. 27. Wu P, Ward RD (1993) Ig repertoire expression of BALB/ c primary and secondary B cell precursors specific for phosphorylcholine. J Immunol 150:3862
28. 28. Yin XM, Vitetta ES (1992) The lineage relationship between virgin and memory B cells. Int Immunol 4:691
29. 29. Siekevitz M, Kocks C, Rajewsky K, Dildrop R (1987) Analysis of somatic mutation and class switching in naive and memory B cells generating adoptive primary and secondary responses. Cell 48:757
30. 30. Berek C, Ziegner M (1993) The maturation of the immune response. Immunol Today 14:400
31. 31. Shlomchik MJ, Litwin S, Weigert M (1989) The influence of somatic mutation on clonal expansion, in Progress in Immunology VII (Melchers F, ed.) p 415.Springer, Heidelberg
32. 32. Byers VS, Sercarz EE (1968) The X-YZ scheme of immunocyte maturation IV The exhaustion of memory cells. J Exp Med 127:307
33. 33. Black SJ, Van der Loo W, Lokem MR, Herzenberg LA (1977) Expression of IgD by murine lymphocytes. Loss of surface IgD indicates maturation of memory B cells. J Exp Med 147:984
34. 34. Teale JM, Lafrenz D, Klinman NR, Strober S (1981) Immunoglobulin class commitment exhibited by B lymphocytes separated according to surface isotype. J Immunol 126:1952
35. 35. Strober S (1972) Initiation of antibody responses by different classes of lymphocytes. V. Fundamental changes in the physiological characteristics of virgin thymus-independent ("B") lymphocytes and "B" memory cells. J Exp Med 136:851
36. 36. Klinman NR, Press JL, Pickard AR, Woodland RT, Dewey AF (1974) The biography of the B cell, in The Immune System (Sercarz E, Williamson A, Fox CF, eds) p 357. Academic Press, NY
37. 37. Klinman NR, Press JL, Segal G (1973) Overlap stimulation of primary and secondary B cells by cross-reacting determinants. J Exp Med 138:1276
38. +) B cells. Curr Opin Immunol 4:181
39. 39. Storb U (1987) Transgenic mice with immunoglobulin genes. Annu Rev Immunol 5:151
40. 40. Cyster JG, Hartley SB, Goodnow CC (1994) Competition for follicular niches excludes self-reactive cells from recirculating B cell repertoire. Nature (Lond) 371:389
41. 41. Carsetti R, Kohler G, Lamers MC (1993) A role for immunoglobulin D: interference with tolerance induction. Eur J Immunol 23:168
42. hi and exhibit unique signaling characteristics. J Immunol 149:2533
43. 43. Press JL, Girogetti CA (1986) Clonal analysis of the primary and secondary B cell responses of neonatal, adult, and xid mice. J Immunol 139:608
44. 44. Caton AJ, Swartzentruber JR, Kuhl AL, Carding SR, Stark SE (1996) Activation and negative selection of functionally distinct subsets of antibody-secreting cells by influenza hemagglutinin as a viral and a neo-self antigen. J Exp Med 183:13
45. 45. Jemmerson RW (1987) Multiple overlapping epitopes in the three antigenic regions of horse cytochrome c. J Immunol 138:213
46. 46. Duran LW, Metcalf ES (1987) Clonal analysis of primary B cells responsive to the pathogenic bacterium Salmonella typhimurium. J Exp Med 165:340
47. 47. Kaplan MA, Ching LK, Berte C, Sercarz EE (1985) Predominant idiotype and specificity shift during the antibody response to lysozyme (abstract). Fed Proc 44:1692
48. 48. Press JL, Giorgetti CA (1993) Molecular and kinetic analysis of an epitope-specific shift in the B cell memory response to a multideterminant antigen. J Immunol 151:1998
49. 49. Klinman NR (1996) In vitro analysis of the generation and propagation of memory B cells. Immunol Rev 150:91
50. 50. Hodes R, Weng NP (1997) Regulation of telomere length and telomerase activity in B cell differentiation. Proc AAAI Joint Meeting, San Francisco. Minisymposium 3116
51. 51. Han S, Zheng B, Schatz DG, Spanopoulou E, Kelsoe G (1996) Neotenyin lymphocytes: Rag1 and Rag2 expression in germinal center B cells. Science 274:2094
52. 52. Hikida M, Mori M, Takai T, Tomochika K, Hamatani K, Ohmori H (1996) Science 274:2092
53. 53. Linton PJ, Rudie A, Klinman NR (1991) Tolerance susceptibility of newly generating memory B cells. J Immunol 146:4099
54. 54. Pulendran B, Kannourakis G, Nouri S, Smith KGC, Nossal GJV (1995) Soluble antigen can cause enhanced apoptosis of germinal-center B cells. Nature 375:334
55. 55. Shokat KM, Goodnow CC (1995) Antigen-induced B cell death and elimination during germinal center immune responses. Nature 375:334