Summertime U.S. precipitation variability and its relation to Pacific sea surface temperature

Journal of Climate

Volumn 10, Issue 8, 1997, Pages 1853-1873

  Ting, Mingfang ^a   Wang, Hui ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT URBANA CHAMPAIGN   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATMOSPHERIC TEMPERATURE; CLIMATOLOGY; OCEANOGRAPHY;

SEA SURFACE TEMPERATURE;

PRECIPITATION (METEOROLOGY);

EID: 0031212919     PISSN: 08948755     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1175/1520-0442(1997)010<1853:SUSPVA>2.0.CO;2     Document Type: Article

References (49)

1. Alexander, M. A., 1992a: Midlatitude atmosphere-ocean interaction during El Niño. Part I: The North Pacific Ocean. J. Climate, 5, 944-958.
2. _, 1992b: Midlatitude atmosphere-ocean interaction during El Niño. Part II: The Northern Hemisphere atmosphere. J. Climate, 5, 959-972.
3. Atlas, R., N. Wolfson, and J. Terry, 1993: The effect of SST and soil moisture anomalies on GLA model simulations of the 1988 U.S. summer drought. J. Climate, 6, 2034-2048.
4. Blackmon, M. L., G. W. Branstator, G. T. Bates, and J. E. Geisler, 1987: An analysis of equatorial Pacific sea surface temperature anomaly experiments in general circulation models with and without mountains. J. Atmos. Sci., 44, 1828-1844.
5. Branstator, G. W., 1995: Organization of storm track anomalies by recurring low-frequency circulation anomalies. J. Annas. Sci., 52, 207-226.
6. Bretherton, C. S., C. Smith, and J. M. Wallace, 1992: An intercomparison of methods for finding coupled patterns in climate data. J. Climate, 5, 541-560.
7. Bunkers, M. J., J. R. Miller Jr., and A. T. DeGaetano, 1996: An examination of El Niño-La Nina-related precipitation and temperature anomalies across the northern plains. J. Climate, 9, 147-160.
8. Chang, F.-C., and J. M. Wallace, 1987: Meteorological conditions during heat waves and droughts in the United States Great Plains. Mon. Wea. Rev., 115, 1253-1269.
9. Davis, R. E., 1976: Predictability of sea surface temperature and sea level pressure anomalies over the North Pacific Ocean. J. Phys. Oceanogr., 6, 249-266.
10. Deser, C., and M. L. Blackmon, 1995: On the relationship between tropical and North Pacific sea surface temperature variations. J Climate, 8, 1677-1680.
11. Graham, N. E., 1994: Decadal-scale climate variability in the tropical and North Pacific during the 1970s and 1980s: Observations and model results. Climate Dyn., 10, 135-162.
12. Groisman, P. Ya., and D. R. Legates, 1994: The accuracy of United States precipitation data. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 75, 215-227.
13. Held, I. M., S. W. Lyons, and S. Nigam, 1989: Transients and the extratropical response to El Niño. J. Atmos. Sci., 46, 163-174.
14. Hoerling, M. P, and M. Ting, 1994: Organization of extratropical transients during El Niño. J. Climate, 1, 745-766.
15. Horel, J. D., and J. M. Wallace, 1981: Planetary-scale atmospheric phenomena associated with the Southern Oscillation. Mon Wea. Rev., 109, 813-829.
16. Hoskins, B. J., and D. J. Karoly, 1981: The steady linear response of a spherical atmosphere to thermal and orographie forcing. J. Atmos. Sci., 38, 1179-1196.
17. Kalnay, E., and Coauthors, 1996: The NCEP/NCAR 40-year reanalysis project. Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., 77, 437-471.
18. Kushnir, Y., and N.-C. Lau, 1992: The general circulation model response to a North Pacific SST anomaly: Dependence on time scale and pattern polarity. J. Climate, 5, 271-283.
19. _, and I. M. Held, 1996: Equilibrium atmospheric response to North Atlantic SST anomalies, J. Climate, 9, 1208-1220.
20. Lanzante, J. R., 1984: A rotated eigenanalysis of the correlation between 700-mb heights and sea surface temperature in the Pacific and Atlantic. Mon. Wea. Rev., 112, 2270-2280.
21. Lau, N.-C., 1985: Modeling the seasonal dependence of the atmospheric response to observed El Niños in 1962-76. Mon. Wea. Rev., 113, 1970-1996.
22. _, 1988: Variability of the observed midlatitude storm tracks it relation to low-frequency changes in the circulation patterns. J. Atmos. Sci., 45, 2718-2743.
23. _, and M. J. Nath, 1994: A modeling study of the relative roles of tropical and extratropical SST anomalies in the variability of the global atmosphere-ocean system. J. Climate, 7, 1184-1207.
24. Lyon, B., and R. M. Dole, 1995: A diagnostic comparison of the 1980 and 1988 U.S. summer heat wave-droughts. J. Climate, 8, 1658-1676.
25. Madden, R. A., and J. Williams, 1978: The correlation between temperature and precipitation in the United States and Europe. Mon. Wea. Rev., 106, 142-147.
26. Mo, K. C., J. R. Zimmerman, E. Kalnay, and M. Kanamitsu, 1991: A GCM study of the 1988 United States drought. Mon. Wea. Rev., 119, 1512-1532.
27. _, J. Nogues-Paegle, and J. Paegle, 1995: Physical mechanisms of the 1993 summer floods. J. Atmos. Sci., 52, 879-895.
28. Namias, J., 1982: Anatomy of Great Plains protracted heat waves (especially the 1980 U.S. summer drought). Mon. Wea. Rev., 110, 824-838.
29. _, 1983: Some causes of United States drought. J. Climate Appl. Meteor., 22, 30-39.
30. _, 1991: Spring and summer 1988 drought over the contiguous United States-Causes and prediction. J. Climate, 4, 54-65.
31. NOAA 1988: Climate Diagnostics Bulletin 88/6, 88/7, 88/8.
32. _, 1993: Climate Diagnostics Bulletin 93/6, 93/7, 93/8.
33. Newman, M., and P. Sardeshmukh, 1995: A caveat concerning singular value decomposition. J Climate, 8, 352-360.
34. Nitta, T., 1986: Long-term variations of cloud amount in the western Pacific region. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 64, 373-390.
35. _, 1987: Convective activities in the tropical western Pacific and their impact on the Northern Hemisphere summer circulation. J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, 65, 373-390.
36. Peng, S., L. A. Mysak. H. Ritchie, J. Derome, and B. Dugas, 1995: The difference between early and midwinter atmospheric responses to sea surface temperature anomalies in the northwest Atlantic. J. Climate, 8, 137-157.
37. Ropelewski, C. E, and M. S. Halpert, 1986: North American precipitation and temperature patterns associated with the El Niño/ Southern Oscillation (ENSO). Mon. Wea. Rev., 114, 2352-2362.
38. Smith, T. M., R. W. Reynolds, R. E. Livezey, and D. C. Stokes, 1996: Reconstruction of historical sea surface temperatures using empirical orthogonal functions. J. Climate, 9, 1403-1420.
39. Ting, M., 1991: The stationary wave response to a midlatitude SST anomaly in an idealized GCM. J. Atmos. Sci., 48, 1249-1275.
40. _, and M. P. Hoerling, 1993: Dynamics of stationary wave anomalies during the 1986/87 El Niño. Climate DVH., 9, 147-164.
41. Trenberth, K. E., and G. W. Branstator, 1992: Issues in establishing causes of the 1988 drought over North America. J. Climate, 5, 159-172.
42. _, and J. W. Hurrell, 1994: Decadal atmospheric-ocean variations in the Pacific. Climate Dyn., 9, 303-319.
43. _, and C. J. Guillemot, 1996: Physical processes involved in the 1988 drought and 1993 floods in North America. J. Climate, 9, 1288-1298.
44. _, G. W. Branstator, and P. A. Arkin, 1988: Origins of the 1988 North American drought. Science, 242, 1640-1645.
45. Wallace, J. M., and Q.-R. Jiang, 1987: On the observed structure of the interannual variability of the atmosphere/ocean climate system. Atmospheric and Oceanic Variability, H. Cattle, Ed., Royal Meteorological Society, 17-43.
46. _, C. Smith, and Q.-R. Jiang, 1990: Spatial patterns of atmosphere-ocean interaction in the northern winter. J. Climate, 3, 990-998.
47. _, _, and C. S. Bretherton, 1992: Singular value decomposition of wintertime sea surface temperature and 500-mb height anomalies. J. Climate, 5, 561-576.
48. Walsh, J. E., and M. B. Richman, 1981: Seasonality in the associations between surface temperatures over the United States and the North Pacific Ocean. Mon. Wea. Rev., 109, 767-783.
49. Zhao, W., and M. A. K. Khalil, 1993: The relationship between precipitation and temperature over the contiguous United States. J. Climate, 6, 1232-1236.