Active railway suspensions: Implementation status and technological trends

Vehicle System Dynamics

Volumn 28, Issue 2-3, 1997, Pages 87-117

  Goodall, Roger ^a  

^a LOUGHBOROUGH UNIVERSITY   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

RAILROAD CARS;

ACTIVE RAILWAY SUSPENSIONS;

VEHICLE SUSPENSIONS;

EID: 0031210220     PISSN: 00423114     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/00423119708969351     Document Type: Article

References (89)

1. Goodall, R. M. and Kortum, W.: Active controls in ground transportation - a review of the state of the art and future potential, Vehicle System Dynamics Vol. 12, pp. 225-257, 1983.
2. Goodall, R. M. and Kortum, W.: Railroad Systems - Active Control. Concise Encyclopedia of Transportation Technology and Systems, pp. 346-353, Pergamon, 1991.
3. Karnopp, D. C.: Are active suspensions really necessary?, Paper 78-WA/DE-12 at ASME Winter Meeting, San Francisco 1978.
4. Goodall, R. M. and Kortum, W.: Active Suspensions for Railway Vehicles - an unavoidable luxury or an inevitable consequence? Proc of 11th IFAC World Congress, Vol. 10, pp. 219-225, Tallinn, Estonia, August 13-17, 1990.
5. Ford, R.: Tilt no longer a novelty in Europe. Railway Gazette International, pp. 249-252, April 1997.
6. Kortüm, W., Goodall, R. M. and Hedrick, J. K., Mechatronics in Ground Transportation - Current trends and future possibilities. Proc 8th IFAC Symp on Transportation Systems, Chania, Greece, June 1997.
7. Walker, C. G.: Active Suspensions for Railway Vehicles - will they pay? Proc Int Conf Railtech 94, Paper C478/5/029, IMechE, 1994.
8. Harborough, P. R.: Passenger Comfort during high speed curving - Summary Report. British Rail Research report TR DOS 018, 1986.
9. Anon: Railway applications ride comfort for passengers - Measurement and Evaluation. DK CEN TC/256 WG/7, 4th draft rev, 1993.
10. Suescun, A., Martin, L. M., Gimenez, J. G., Vinolas, J.: Use of inverse dynamics in the development of tilt control strategies for rail vehicles. Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 25, No. Suppl, pp. 655-667, 1996.
11. Pearson, J. T., Goodall, R. M. and Pratt, I.: Control system studies of an active anti-roll bar tilt system for railway vehicles. To be published, IMechE Journal of Rail and Rapid Transit, 1997/8.
12. Kamopp, D. C.: Active and passive isolation of random vibration. Isolation of mechanical vibration impact and noise, AMD Vol. 1 No. I, (Snowdon, J. C. and Ungar, E. Em., Eds.), ASME Monograph, pp. 64-86, 1973.
13. Davis, B. R. and Thompson, A. G.: Optimal linear active suspensions with integral constraint. Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 17, pp. 357-366, 1988.
14. Kamopp, D. C., Crosby, M. J. and Harwood, R. J.: Vibration Control using semi-active force generators. Trans ASME, Journal of Engineering for Industry, pp. 619-626, 1974.
15. Kamopp, D. C.: Vehicle response to stochastic roadways. Vehicle System Dynamics Vol. 7, pp. 97-109, 1978.
16. Sharp, R. S. and Wilson, D. A.: On control laws for vehicle suspensions accounting for input correlations. Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 19, pp. 353-363, 1990.
17. Goodall, R. M., Performance limits for active secondary railway suspensions, Proc International Conference on Railway Speed-up Technology (JSME), Vol. 2, pp. 81-86, Yokohama, Nov 1993.
18. Karnopp, D. C.: Continuum model study of preview effects in actively-suspended long trains. Journal of Franklin Inst., Vol. 285, No. 4, pp. 251-260, 1968.
19. Yoshimura, T., Edokoro, K., Ananthanarayana, N.: Active suspension model for rail/vehicle systems with preview and stochastic optimal control. Journal of Sound and Vibration, Vol. 166, No. 3, pp. 507-519, 1993.
20. Fujioka, T., Yamada, H.: Preview control of active suspension for railway vehicles. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Dynamic Systems and Control Division (Publication) DSC, Vol. 58, pp. 149-156, 1996.
21. Jezequel, L., Roberti, V., Ouyahia, B., Toutain, Y.: Improvement of very high speed trains comfort with preview semi-active suspensions. Proceedings of the 12th IAVSD Symposium on Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads from Tracks, Lyon, Fr, Aug 26-30 1991, Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 20, No. Suppl, pp. 299-313, 1991.
22. Elia, A. and Casini, C.: Independent wheels. Proc IMechE seminar S043, Railway Dynamics for today and tomorrow, London 1993.
23. Dukkipati, R. V., Narayana Swamy, S. and Osman, M. O. M.: Independently rotating wheel systems for railways - a state of the art review. Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 21, pp. 297-330, 1993.
24. Wickens, A. H.: Dynamics of actively guided vehicles. Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 20, No. 3-4, pp. 219-242, 1991.
25. Nishi, A., Nishimura, S., Kikuchi, I., Shirane, Y. and Youmada, J.: A high speed powered tilting vehicle with air springs, Sumitomo search, No. 7, May 1972.
26. Kayserling, U.: Power bogies of the DB200km/h ET403 incorporating body tilt through the secondary air suspension. Rail Engineering International, pp. 414-8, Nov/Dec 1974.
27. Boocock, D. and King, B. L.: Development of the prototype Advanced Passenger Train. Proc IMechE, vol. 196, pp. 35-46, March 1982.
28. Binnewies, H.: Body tilt passenger coaches. Rail Int, Vol. 18, No. 3, pp. 21-25, March 1987.
29. Casini, C., Piro, G. and Mancini, G.: The Italian tilting train ETR460. Proc IMechE Conf STech96, paper C514/058/96, pp. 297-305, 1996.
30. Elia, A.: Fiat Ferroviaria Group - the Pendolino tilting systems. Proc IMechE Seminar S479, Tilting trains in the UK?, London 1997.
31. Anderson, E., Bahr, H. V. and Nilstam, N. G.: Allowing higher speeds on existing tracks - design considerations of the X2000 train for Swedish State Railways. Proc IMechE Pt F, Vol. 209, No. 2, pp. 93-104, 1995.
32. Anon: Talgo target is 250 km/h. Railway Gazette International, Vol. 145, No. 12, pp. 899-900, 1989.
33. Sauer, B.: The BR 611 DMU with new tilting technology. Proc Int Conf Railtech 96, IMechE paper C511/8/076/96, 1996.
34. Pennington, K. W. and Pollard, M. G.: The development of an electro-mechanical tilt system for the Advanced Passenger Train. IMechE Conf on Electric versus Hydraulic drives, paper C299/83, pp. 21-28, 1983.
35. Anon: Heading for the 21st century. Siemens Transportation Systems Express, Vol. 1/97, p. 5, Feb 1997.
36. Anon: Tilting system. (Commercial brochure), Bombardier Eurorail, 1996.
37. Herman, D.: All aboard for high-speed rail. ASME Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 118, No. 9, pp. 94-97, 1996.
38. Ford, R.: SIG blows away the mystique of tilt. Railway Gazette International, pp. 367-8, June 1995.
39. Stribersky, A.: The development of an integrated suspension control technology for passenger trains. Proc IMechE Seminar S479, Tilting Trains in the UK?, London 1997.
40. Stribersky, A., Steidl, S., Muller, H. and Roth, B.: On dynamic analyses of rail vehicles with electronically controlled suspensions. Proc 14th IAVSD Symp, Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 25 (Supplement), pp. 614-628, 1996.
41. Dusing, M., Lu, Y. and Jakob, J.: Warkstutze fur Schienenfahrzeuge. German patent DE4311521C1, April 1994.
42. Nakagawa, A.: The latest pendulum EMU train (series 383). Japanese Railway Engineering, No. 135, pp. 21-25, 1995.
43. Higaki, H., Fujimori, S., Horike, Y., Yasui, T., Koyanagi, S., Okamoto, I., Terada, K.: Active pneumatic tilting system for railway cars. Proceedings of the 12th IAVSD Symposium on Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads from Tracks, Lyon, Fr, Aug 26-30 1991, Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 20, No. Suppl, pp. 254-268, 1991.
44. Matsuda, K., Kinoshita, N., and Okamoto, I.: Controlled pendulum system for tilt body rolling stock. Proc Int Conf STECH 93, Vol. 2, pp. 1-4, JSME, 1993.
45. Sasaki, K., Kato, H., Konokawa, T., Sato, Y. and Kakehi, Y.: Active tilting control of series E991 EMU experimental train (development of third generation active tilting control). Proc IMechE Conf STech96, Paper C514/055/96, 1996.
46. Kimata, M. and Komine, T.: Outline and technical approach of the Shinkansen 300X project. Proc J-RAIL 95, pp. 195-8, 1995.
47. Nishioka, Y., Tamaki, A., Isshihara, K., Okabe, N. and Torii Osamu: Tilt control system for railway vehicles using airsprings. Sumimoto Search, No. 56, pp. 44-48, Oct 1994.
48. Kurokawa, Y., Moriyama, M., Tomeoka, M., Nishioka, Y. and Tamaki, A.: Limited angle tilt control system by air springs. Proc STECH93, Vol. 2, pp. 361-364, JSME 1993.
49. Pollard, M. G. and Simons, N. J. A.: Passenger comfort - the role of active suspensions. Proc IMechE Pt D, Vol. 198, No. 11, pp. 161-175, 1984.
50. Williams, R. A.: Active suspensions - Classical or Optimal? Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 114, No. 1-3, pp. 127-132, 1985.
51. Allen, D. H.: Active bumpstop hold-off device, proc IMechE Conference Railtech 94, paper C478/55/013, 1994.
52. Roth, P. A., Lizell, M.: Lateral semi-active damping system for trains. Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 25, No. Suppl, pp. 585-598, 1996.
53. O'Neill, H. R., Wale, G. D.: Semi-active suspension improves rail vehicle ride. Computing & Control Engineering Journal, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 183-188, Aug 1994.
54. Abete, J. M.: Strategies for the Active Control of the Lateral Suspension of Railway Vehicles. Analysis, Development and Experimental test on tracks. Ph.D. Thesis, Escuela Superior de Ingenieros de San Sebastian, Universidad de Navarra, Spain, 1994.
55. Tang, J. S.: Passive and semi-active airspring suspensions for rail passenger vehicles - theory and practice. Proc IMechE Vol. 210, pp. 103-117, 1996.
56. Jindai, K., Kasai, K., Terada, K., Kakehi, Y. and Iwasaki, F.: Fundamental study on semi-actively controlled pneumatic servo suspensions for rail cars. Joint ASME/IEEE Railroad Conf, ASME paper 81-RT-6, 1981.
57. Okamoto, I., Koyanagi, A., Higahi, H., Terada, K., Sebata, M. and Takai, H.: An active suspension system for railroad passenger cars. Proc Joint IEEE/ASME Railroad Conf, pp. 141-6, Toronto 1987.
58. Sasaki, K., Kato, H., Konokawa, T., Tsuboi, J., Arai, J. and Murata, M.: Development of active suspension system for narrow gauge railway test vehicles. JSME, Lecture at 73rd convention, 1995.
59. Negoro, S., Maruyawa, Y., Hirata, T., Sasaki, K. and Kato, H.: Development of oil-hydraulic suspension system for railway vehicles (Bench test and running test with actual car). JSME Theory of Mechanisms, No. 95-1, 1995.
60. Sebata, M., Higaki, H., Kakehi, Y., Hara, K., Sasaki, K. and Kato, H.: A hydraulic active suspension system for experimental car Try-Z for conventional lines (1st report, 1st running tests). JSME Control of Motion and Vibration, No. 95-28, 1995.
61. Matsushima, H., Nishi, Y., Shimizu, K., Uno, T., Kanbayashi, K,. Kikuno, S. and Usui, S.: A development of active control for very high speed railway vehicles. JSME 73rd Fall Meeting, pp. 103-104, 1995.
62. Yoshikawa, Y., Tajima, S. and Koizumi, S.: An Active suspension for railway vehicles. Proc Conf STECH 93, Vol. 2, pp. 87-92, JSME 1993.
63. Hirata, T., Koizumi, S., and Takahashi, R.: H infinity control of railroad vehicle active suspension. Automatica, Vol. 31, No. 1, Jan 1995.
64. Sakurai, K., Utsunomiya, M., Yagi, E. and Yoshimoto, Y.: Development of a new Shinkansen vehicle, series 500, for realisation of 300 km/h commercial operation. Proc Conf STech96, IMechE paper C514/031/96, 1996.
65. Norinao, H.: Active and semi-active suspensions smooth 300 km/h ride. Railway Gazette International, pp. 241-2, April 1997.
66. Sasaki, K., Simomura, T., Yamaguchi, M., Norinao, H. and Nakazato, M.: Development of semi-active suspension system of Shinkansen vehicle. Proc 4th Transportation and Logistics Conf (Translog 95), pp. 104-7, Kawasaki, Japan, 1995.
67. Takenawa, S., Homabe, M., Shimizu, S., Tamaki, A., Koizumi, S. and Hirata, T.: An active suspension system for the 500 series Shinkansen. Pproc 4th Transportation and Logistics Conf (Translog 95), pp. 112-3, Kawasaki, Japan, 1995.
68. Kurokawa, Y., Moriyama, M., Tomeoka, M., Ishihara, K. and Torii, O.: Electrical control system for airspring of railway vehicles. Proc Conf STECH 93, Vol. 2, pp. 355-360, Yokohama, 1993.
69. Sasaki, K., Kamoshita, S., Enomoto, M.: Design and bench test of multi-modal active suspension of railway vehicle. IECON Proceedings (Industrial Electronics Conference), 1994, Vol. 3, pp. 2011-2016, IEEE, Los Alamitos, CA, USA
70. Tanifuji, K. and Shimamune, R.-h.: Experimental study of oil-hydraulic active suspension for railway vehicles using a scale model. Proc IMechE Conf Railtech96, Paper C511/8/042/96, 1996.
71. Leo, R.: Creep-controlled wheelsets for high speed service - theory and test results. Proc 8th Int Wheelset Congress, Vol. 1.2, pp. 1-16, Madrid 1985.
72. Chollet, H., Maupu, J. L. and Bernard, M.: ERIOM - Essieu à roues indépendantes orienté magnétiquement. Magnetically steerable wheelset with independent wheels - calculation and tests at scale 1/4. Proc 17th ICTAM Congress of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Grenoble 1988.
73. Chollet, H., Ayasse, J. B. and Pascal, J. P.: Measurement of the transversal creepforce in a wheel-rail contact area. Proc 11th IAVSD Symp, Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 18 (Supple-ment), pp. 97-107, 1989.
74. Aknin, P., Ayasse, J. B. and Devallez, A.: Active Steering of railway wheelsets, 12th IAVSD Conference, Lyon, August 1991.
75. Hondius, H.: Microprocessors harnessed to optimise radial steering. Railway Gazette International, pp. 315-6, May 1995.
76. Pederson, J.: New S-trains for Copenhagen, European Railway Review, pp. 29-33, Nov 1995.
77. Suda, Y., Anderson, R. J., Yamada, K.: Dynamics of unsymmetric suspension trucks with semiactive control. Proceedings of the 13th IAVSD Symposium on the Dynamics of Vehicles on Roads and on Tracks, Sichuan, China, Aug 23-27 1993, Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 23, No. SUPPL, pp. 480-496, 1994.
78. Jaschinski, A. et al: Parameter identification and experimental investigations of unconventional railway wheelset design on a scaled roller rig. proc 14th IAVSD Symp, Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 25 (Supplement), 1996.
79. Pratt, I. and Goodall, R. M.: Controlling the ride quality of the central portion of a high speed railway train. American Control Conference (ACC'97), Albuquerque, New Mexico, July 1997.
80. Shenton, A. T. and Mellor, P. H.: Fundamental requirements for high-performance electo-mechanical actuators for aerospace and active suspension applications. Proc 2nd International Conf Actuator 90, pp. 206-210, 1990.
81. Goodall, R. M., Pearson, J. T. and Pratt, I.: Actuator technologies for active secondary suspensions. Proc International Conference on Railway Speed-up Technology (JSME), Vol. 2, pp. 377-382, Yokohama, Nov 1993.
82. Ferri, A. A. and Heck, B. S.: Semi-active suspension using dry friction energy dissipation. Proc American Control Conf, Vol. 1, pp. 31-35, 1992.
83. Wale, G. D.: Variable spring force actuator. UK patent application 964975.0, 1996.
84. Leighton, N. J. and Pullen, J.: A novel active suspension system for automotive application. Proc ImechE Pt D, Vol. 208, No. 4, pp. 243-250, 1994.
85. Hellinga, R. and Nakazato, M.: A digital stroke-sensing cylinder. (source unknown), paper 1991-10, 1991.
86. Shen, G. and Goodall, R. M., Active yaw relaxation for improved bogie performance. Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 28, 1997.
87. Powell, A. J., Wickens, A. H.: Active guidance of railway vehicles using traction motor torque control. Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 25, Suppl, pp. 573-584, 1996.
88. Choromanski, W.: Application of Neural Network for intelligent wheelset and railway vehicle active suspension design. Vehicle System Dynamics, Vol. 25 (Supplement), pp. 87-98, 1996.
89. Gotz, G.: Safety engineering for an active hunting controller for bogies in wheel/rail systems. Proc IFAC Symp on Control in Transportation Systems, pp. 325-331, 1983.