Effects of the Television Spots on Images of Dole and Clinton

American Behavioral Scientist

Volumn 40, Issue 8, 1997, Pages 1085-1094

  Kaid, Lynda Lee ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031205898     PISSN: 00027642     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1177/0002764297040008009     Document Type: Article

References (17)

1. Center for Media and Public Affairs. (1996, November/December). Campaign '96 final: How TV news covered the general election. Washington, DC: Author.
2. Cundy, D. T. (1986). Political commercials and candidate image. In L. L. Kaid, D. Nimmo, & K. R. Sanders (Eds.), New perspectives on political advertising (pp. 210-234). Carbondale, IL: Southern Illinois University Press.
3. Devlin, L. P. (1997). Contrasts in presidential campaign commercials of 1996. American Behavioral Scientist, 40(8), 1058-1084.
4. Kaid, L. L. (1991). The effects of television broadcasts on perceptions of political candidates in the United States and France. In L. L. Kaid, J. Gerstlé, & K. Sanders (Eds.), Mediated politics in two cultures: Presidential campaigning in the United States and France. New York: Praeger.
5. Kaid, L. L. (1993, May). Ethics in televised political advertising: Guidelines for evaluation of technological distortions. Paper presented at the International Communication Association Convention, Washington, D.C.
6. Kaid, L. L. (1995). Measuring candidate images with semantic differentials. In K. Hacker (Ed.), Candidate images in presidential election campaigns (pp. 131-134). New York: Praeger.
7. Kaid, L. L. (1996a, October). The effects of advertising in election campaigns. Paper presented at the International Colloquium on Effects of Election Campaigns, University of Montreal, Montreal, Canada.
8. Kaid, L. L. (1996b). Technology and political advertising: The application of ethical standards to the 1992 spots. Communication Research Reports, 13(2), 129-137.
9. Kaid, L. L. (1996c, September). Televised political advertising in the 1996 elections: Using technology to manipulate voters. Paper presented at the American Political Science Association Convention, San Francisco.
10. Kaid, L. L. (in press). Videostyle and the effects of the 1996 presidential campaign advertising. In R. E. Denton (Ed.), The 1996 presidential campaign: A communication perspective. Westport, CT: Praeger.
11. Kaid, L. L., & Chanslor, M. (1995). Changing candidate images: The effects of television advertising. In K. Hacker (Ed.), Candidate images in presidential election campaigns (pp. 83-97). New York: Praeger.
12. Kaid, L. L., Leland, C. M., & Whitney, S. (1992). The impact of televised political ads: Evoking viewer responses in the 1988 presidential campaign. The Southern Communication Journal, 57(4), 285-295.
13. Kaid, L. L., & Sanders, K. R. (1978). Political television commercials: An experimental study of type and length. Communication Research, 5, 57-70.
14. McKinnon, L. M. (1995). Mediating political mudslinging or magnifying advertising effects: An experimental examination of political adwatches. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oklahoma.
15. Miller, A. H., Wattenberg, M. P., & Malanchuk, O. (1986). Schematic assessments of presidential candidates. American Political Science Review, 80(2), 521-536.
16. Noggle, G. (1996). The effects of technological distortion and visual literacy in political advertising. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Oklahoma.
17. West, D. M. (1993). Air wars: Television advertising in election campaigns. Washington, DC: Congressional Quarterly Press.