메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 26, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 45-67

Appliance energy standards in Europe

Author keywords

Appliance standards; Clothes dryers; Clothes washers; Dishwashers; Energy labelling; Energy savings potentials; EU; Leaking electricity; Motors; Refrigerators; Russia; Switzerland

Indexed keywords

DOMESTIC APPLIANCES; ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL EFFECTS; ENERGY CONSERVATION; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; ENERGY POLICY; ENERGY UTILIZATION; LAWS AND LEGISLATION; REFRIGERATORS; WASHING MACHINES;

EID: 0031189526     PISSN: 03787788     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0378-7788(96)01013-4     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (45)

References (45)
  • 1
    • 30244546940 scopus 로고
    • Economie domestique: Refrigerators ménagers à compression
    • AFNOR, April (in French)
    • Economie domestique: refrigerators ménagers à compression, Norme Française D38-301, AFNOR, April 1966 (in French).
    • (1966) Norme Française D38-301
  • 2
    • 30244449920 scopus 로고
    • Conservateurs ménagers de denrées congelées et congélateurs ménagers
    • September (in French)
    • Conservateurs ménagers de denrées congelées et congélateurs ménagers, Norme Française D38-320, September 1978 (in French).
    • (1978) Norme Française D38-320
  • 6
    • 30244505063 scopus 로고
    • Personal communication
    • A.T. De Almeida, Personal communication, 1995.
    • (1995)
    • De Almeida, A.T.1
  • 10
    • 30244459889 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The relative importance of technical and behavioural trends in electricity consumption by domestic appliances
    • European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy, Stockholm, Sweden
    • M.J. Hinnells and K.B. Lane, The relative importance of technical and behavioural trends in electricity consumption by domestic appliances, Proc. Summer Study on the Energy Efficiency Challenge for Europe, Mandelieu, France, 1995, European Council for an Energy Efficient Economy, Stockholm, Sweden.
    • Proc. Summer Study on the Energy Efficiency Challenge for Europe, Mandelieu, France, 1995
    • Hinnells, M.J.1    Lane, K.B.2
  • 11
    • 30244540798 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Direction Générale de l'Energie et des Matières Premières (DGEMP), Ministère de l'Industrie, des Postes et Télécommunications et du Commerce Extérieur, Paris, France (in French)
    • Tableaux des Consommations d'Energie en France, Direction Générale de l'Energie et des Matières Premières (DGEMP), Ministère de l'Industrie, des Postes et Télécommunications et du Commerce Extérieur, Paris, France (in French).
    • Tableaux des Consommations d'Energie en France
  • 12
    • 30244482040 scopus 로고
    • Energy and Environment Programme of the Environmental Change Unit, University of Oxford, UK
    • DECADE: First Year Report 1994, Energy and Environment Programme of the Environmental Change Unit, University of Oxford, UK, 1995.
    • (1995) DECADE: First Year Report 1994
  • 13
    • 85040898211 scopus 로고
    • Cambridge University Press; based in part on material from BRE and the Electricity Council (UK), Verein der Deutschen Elektrizitäts Werken (W. Germany), Ademe, Electricité de France, Observatoire de l'Energie (France), and ENEL (Italy); updated by IES as International Energy Studies, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, CA
    • L. Schipper, S. Meyers, H.R. Howarth and R. Steiner, Energy Efficiency and Human Activity: Past Trends, Future Prospects, Cambridge University Press; based in part on material from BRE and the Electricity Council (UK), Verein der Deutschen Elektrizitäts Werken (W. Germany), Ademe, Electricité de France, Observatoire de l'Energie (France), and ENEL (Italy); updated by IES as International Energy Studies, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, CA, 1995.
    • (1995) Energy Efficiency and Human Activity: Past Trends, Future Prospects
    • Schipper, L.1    Meyers, S.2    Howarth, H.R.3    Steiner, R.4
  • 15
    • 30244511804 scopus 로고
    • Overview of internation energy standards
    • International Energy Agency, Paris, April
    • I. Turiel, J. Koller and J. McMahon, Overview of internation energy standards, Draft Rep., International Energy Agency, Paris, April 1995.
    • (1995) Draft Rep.
    • Turiel, I.1    Koller, J.2    McMahon, J.3
  • 16
    • 30244558820 scopus 로고
    • Van Holsteijn, Sittard, Netherlands, (in Dutch)
    • Van Holsteijn and Kemna, HetE-Scenario, Van Holsteijn, Sittard, Netherlands, 1994 (in Dutch).
    • (1994) HetE-Scenario
    • Holsteijn, V.1
  • 21
    • 0025503099 scopus 로고
    • The dynamics of electricity use in Scandinavian households
    • S. Tyler and L. Schipper, The dynamics of electricity use in Scandinavian households, Energy, 15 (1990) 841.
    • (1990) Energy , vol.15 , pp. 841
    • Tyler, S.1    Schipper, L.2
  • 23
    • 30244493747 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • (provisional results), Energy and Environment Programme of the Environmental Change Unit, University of Oxford, UK
    • DECADE: Second Year Report 1995 (provisional results), Energy and Environment Programme of the Environmental Change Unit, University of Oxford, UK, 1996.
    • (1996) DECADE: Second Year Report 1995
  • 24
    • 30244507166 scopus 로고
    • Ny model for boligers elforbrug (new model for household electricity use)
    • DEFU, Lyngby, Denmark, in Danish
    • J. Moeller and B. Nielsen, Ny model for boligers elforbrug (new model for household electricity use), Tech. Rep. 281, DEFU, Lyngby, Denmark, 1991 (in Danish).
    • (1991) Tech. Rep. , vol.281
    • Moeller, J.1    Nielsen, B.2
  • 25
    • 30244516181 scopus 로고
    • Portrait of the European appliance industry
    • June
    • Portrait of the European appliance industry, Appliance, (June) 1995.
    • (1995) Appliance,
  • 26
    • 30244549696 scopus 로고
    • The world market for white goods: Strategy 2000
    • London
    • The world market for white goods: strategy 2000, Vol. 1, Euromonitor, London, 1994.
    • (1994) Euromonitor , vol.1
  • 29
    • 30244509978 scopus 로고
    • Personal communication, Appliance Energy Labelling Programme of DG-XVII (Energy) of the Commission of the European Communities, Brussels
    • M. Kestner, Personal communication, Appliance Energy Labelling Programme of DG-XVII (Energy) of the Commission of the European Communities, Brussels, 1995.
    • (1995)
    • Kestner, M.1
  • 32
    • 30244577218 scopus 로고
    • July
    • Appliance, (July) (1995) 60.
    • (1995) Appliance , pp. 60
  • 34
    • 30244488222 scopus 로고
    • Personal communication, Energy Efficiency Programme of DG-XVII (Energy) of the Commission of the European Communities, Brussels, September
    • P. Bertoldi, Personal communication, Energy Efficiency Programme of DG-XVII (Energy) of the Commission of the European Communities, Brussels, September 1995.
    • (1995)
    • Bertoldi, P.1
  • 35
    • 30244448054 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Personal communication with members of the Danish Energy Agency, Copenhagen, September 1995
    • Personal communication with members of the Danish Energy Agency, Copenhagen, September 1995.
  • 38
    • 30244536980 scopus 로고
    • Personal communication, CENEf (Centres for Energy Efficiency), Moscow
    • I. Bashmakov, Personal communication, CENEf (Centres for Energy Efficiency), Moscow, 1995.
    • (1995)
    • Bashmakov, I.1
  • 39
    • 30244564831 scopus 로고
    • Personal communication, Hungarian Energy Office (Magyar Energia Hivatal), Budapest, Hungary
    • T. Terstyansky, Personal communication, Hungarian Energy Office (Magyar Energia Hivatal), Budapest, Hungary, 1994.
    • (1994)
    • Terstyansky, T.1
  • 40
    • 30244497084 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Energy efficiency standards and labelling systems
    • Economic and Social Council of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Rep. No. ENERGY/AC.12/R.3
    • Energy efficiency standards and labelling systems, Ad Hoc Group of Experts on Energy Efficiency Standards and Labels, 10-12 May 1993, Economic and Social Council of the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE), Rep. No. ENERGY/AC.12/R.3.
    • Ad Hoc Group of Experts on Energy Efficiency Standards and Labels, 10-12 May 1993


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.