Quantitative AMS depth profiling of the hydrogen isotopes collected in graphite divertor and wall tiles of the tokamak ASDEX-upgrade

Journal of Nuclear Materials

Volumn 246, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 9-16

  Sun, G Y ^a   Friedrich, M ^a   Grotzschel R ^a   Burger W ^a   Behrisch, R ^b   Garcia Rosales C ^b,c  

^a INSTITUTE OF ION BEAM PHYSICS AND MATERIALS RESEARCH   (Germany)

^b MAX PLANCK INSTITUT FÜR PLASMAPHYSIK   (Germany)

^c CEIT   (Spain)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATOMS; DEUTERIUM; FUSION REACTIONS; IONS; MASS SPECTROMETRY; NEUTRONS; PLASMAS; SECONDARY ION MASS SPECTROMETRY; TRITIUM;

ACCELERATOR MASS SPECTROMETRY; HYDROGEN ISOTOPES; QUANTITATIVE DEPTH PROFILING;

RADIOISOTOPES;

EID: 0031186042     PISSN: 00223115     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-3115(97)00080-9     Document Type: Article

References (46)

1. G.M. McCracken, S.J. Fielding, S.K. Ehrents, A. Pospiezcyk, P.E. Stott, Nucl. Fus. 18 (1978) 35.
2. TFR Group, J. Nucl. Mater. 76&77 (1978) 578.
3. G.M. McCracken, P. Stott, Nucl. Fusion 19 (1979) 889.
4. TFR Group, presented by P. Platz, J. Nucl. Mater. 93&94 (1980) 173.
5. R. Behrisch, 'Physics of plasmas close to thermonuclear conditions', in: Proc. of a course held in Varenna, Italy, 27 Aug.-8 Sept. 1979, ed. B. Coppi, G.G. Leotta, D. Pfirsch, R. Pozzoli and E. Sindoni, Vol. I (1980) p. 425, Commission of the European communities, EUR FU BRU/XII/476/80.
6. J. Ehrenberg, in: Physical Processes of the Interaction of Fusion Plasmas with Solids, ed. W.O. Hofer and J. Roth (Academic Press, New York, 1996) p. 38.
7. P. Andrew, M. Pick, J. Nucl. Mater. 220-222 (1995) 601.
8. G. Federici, R. Causey, P.L. Andrew, C.H. Wu, Fusion Eng. Design 28 (1995) 1356.
9. J.F. Ziegler, C.P. Wu, P. Williams, C.W. White, B. Terreault, B.M.U. Scherzer, R.L. Schulte, E.J. Schneid, C.W. Magee, E. Ligeon, J. L'Ecuyere, W.A. Lanford, F.J. Kuehne, E.A. Kamykowski, W.O. Hofer, A. Guivarche, C.H. Filleix, V.R. Deline, C.A. Evans Jr., B.L. Cohen, G.J. Clark, W.K. Chu, C. Brassard, R.S. Blewer, R. Behrisch, B.R. Appleton, D.D. Allred, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 149 (1978) 19.
10. J. Bøttiger, J. Nucl. Mater. 78 (1978) 161.
11. C.J. Altstetter, R. Behrisch, J. Bøttiger, F. Pohl, B.M.U. Scherzer, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 149 (1978) 59.
12. J.A. Sawiki, J. Roth, L.M. Howe, J. Nucl. Mater. 162-164 (1989) 1019.
13. R.S. Blewer, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 149 (1978) 47.
14. J. L'Ecuyer, C. Brassard, C. Cardinal, J. Chabbal. L. Dechenes, J.P. Labrie, B. Terreault, J.G. Marteland, R. St.-Jaques, J. Appl. Phys. 47 (1976) 381.
15. B.L. Doyle, P.S. Peery, Appl. Phys. Lett. 34 (1979) 811.
16. J. Roth, B.M.U. Scherzer, R.S. Blewer, D.K. Brice, S.T. Picraux, W.R. Wampler, J. Nucl. Mater. 93&94 (1980) 601.
17. U. Kreissig, R. Grötzschel, R. Behrisch, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B85 (1994) 71.
18. V.M. Prozesky, C.L. Churms, J.V. Pilcher, K.A. Springhorn, R. Behrisch, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B84 (1994) 373.
19. Ch.W. Magee, P.Ch. Wu, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 149 (1978) 529.
20. R.G. Wilson, ed., Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry (Wiley, New York, 1989).
21. I.S.T. Tsong, G.L. Power, D.W. Hoffmann, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 168 (1980) 399.
22. W.R. Wampler, B.L. Doyle, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A349 (1994) 473.
23. D.H.J. Goodall, G.M. McCracken, J.P. Coad, R.A. Causey, G. Sadler, O.N. Jarvis, J. Nucl. Mater. 162-164 (1989) 1059.
24. A.A. Haas, I.S. Youle, A.B. Antoniazzi, W.T. Shmayda, J. Nucl. Mater. 220-222 (1995) 585.
25. H.E. Grove, D. Elmore, R. Ferraro, R. Ferraro, Nucl. Instrum. Methods 168 (1980) 425.
26. R. Middleton, J. Klein, D. Fink, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B47 (1990) 409.
27. M.L. Roberts, C. Velsko, K.W. Turteltaub, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B92 (1994) 459.
28. H.E. Gove, P.W. Kubik, P. Sharma, S. Datar, U. Fehn, T.Z. Hossian, J. Koffer, J.P. Lavine, T.S. Lee, D. Elmore, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B52 (1990) 502.
29. F.D. McDaniel, J.M. Anthony, S.N. Renfrow, Y.D. Kim, S.A. Datar, S. Matteson, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B99 (1995) 537.
30. M. Friedrich, W. Bürger, D. Henke and S. Turuc, in: Proc. 7th Int. Conf. on Heavy Ion Accelerator Techology, Australia, Nucl. Instrum. Methods A (1996) in press.
31. H.J. Hofmann, G. Bonani, E. Morenzoni, M. Nessi, M. Suter, W. Wöplfli, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B5 (1984) 254.
32. O. Gruber, M. Kaufmann, W. Köppendörfer, K. Lackner, J. Neuhauser, M. Blaumoser, K. Ennen, J. Gruber, O. Gruber, O. Jandl, J. Nucl. Mater. 123 (1984) 407.
33. H. Vernickel, M. Blaumoser, K. Ennen, J. Gruber, O. Gruber, O. Jandl, M. Kaufmann, H. Kollotzek, W. Köppendörfer, H. Kotzlowski, E. Lackner, K. Lackner, J. Neuhauser, J.-M. Noterdame, M. Pillsticker, R. Pöhlchen, H. Preis, K.-G. Rauh, H. Röhr, H. Schneider, W. Schneider, U. Seidel, B. Sombach, B. Streibl, G. Venus, F. Wesner, A. Wieczorek, J. Nucl. Mater. 128&129 (1984) 71.
34. D.J.W. Mous, A. Gottdang, R. von den Broek, R.G. Haitsma, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B99 (1995) 697.
35. R. Middleton, D. Juenemann, J. Klein, Nucl. Instrum. Methods B93 (1994) 39.
36. R. Behrisch, A.P. Martinelli, S. Grigull, R. Grötzschel, U. Kreissig, D. Hildebrandt, W. Schneider, J. Nucl. Mater. 220-222 (1995) 590.
37. D. Schleussner, D. Rösler, J. Becker, W. Knapp, Ch. Edelmann, C. García-Rosales, P. Franzen, R. Behrisch, J. Vac. Sci. Technol. (1997) to be published.
38. P. Franzen, R. Behrisch, C. García-Rosales, D. Schleussner, D. Rösler, J. Becker, W. Knapp, Ch. Edelmann, Nucl. Fusion (1997) to be published.
39. J.H. Billon, 'Emittance calculation and measurements for a sputter-lype negative-ion source', University of Wisconsin, private communication.
40. S. Bosch, Max Planck Institut für Plasmaphysik, D-85748 Garching, private communication and to be published.
41. H. Verbeek, the ASDEX Team, J. Nucl. Mater. 145-147 (1987) 523.
42. H.H. Andersen, J.F. Ziegler, Hydrogen Stopping Powers and Ranges in all Elements (Pergamon, Oxford, 1977).
43. R. Behrisch, M. Mayer, C. García-Rosales, J. Nucl. Mater. 233-237 (1996) 673.
44. M. Mayer, R. Behrisch, H. Planck, J. Roth, G. Dollinger, C.M. Frey, J. Nucl. Mater. 232 (1996) 67.
45. Staudenmayer, J. Roth, R. Behrisch, J. Bohdansky, W. Eckstein, P. Staib, S. Matteson, S.K. Erents, J. Nucl. Mater. 84 (1979) 149.
46. A. Kallenbach, R. Dux, V. Mertens, O. Gruber, G. Haas, M. Kaufmann, W. Poschenrieder, F. Ryter, H. Zohm, M. Alexander, K.H. Behringer, M. Bessenrodt-Weberpals, H.-S. Bosch, K. Büchl, A.R. Field, J.C. Fuchs, O. Gehre, A. Herrmann, S. Hirsch, W. Köppendörfer, K. Lackner, K.F. Mast, G. Neu, J. Neuhauser, S. De Plena Hemoel, G. Raupp, K. Schönmann, A. Stäbler, K.-H. Steuer, O. Vollmer, M. Weinlich, W.P. West, T. Zehetbauer, ASDEX Upgrade Team, Nuclear Fusion 35 (1995) 1231.