Review of inspection techniques based on the elastic and inelastic scattering of X-rays and their potential in the food and agricultural industry

Journal of Food Engineering

Volumn 33, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 167-179

  Bull, C R ^a   Zwiggelaar, R ^b   Speller, R D ^c  

^a SILSOE RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United Kingdom)

^b UNIVERSITY OF MANCHESTER   (United Kingdom)

^c UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON   (United Kingdom)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING; ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE SCATTERING; INSPECTION; PHOTONS; X RAYS;

AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRY; FOOD INDUSTRY;

FOOD PROCESSING;

EID: 0031177506     PISSN: 02608774     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/s0260-8774(97)88544-5     Document Type: Review

References (42)

1. Battista, J. J., Santon, L. W. & Bronskill, M. J. (1977). Compton scattering imaging of transverse sections: corrections for multiple scatter and attenuation. Physics Med. Biol., 22, 229-244.
2. Bull, C. R. (1993). A review of sensing techniques which could be used to generate images of agricultural and food materials. Comput. Electron. Agric., 8, 1-29.
3. Bull, C. R. and Zwiggelaar, R. (1996). Discrimination between low atomic number materials from their characteristic scattering of X-ray radiation. J. Agric. Eng. Res. submitted.
4. Cesareo, R., Hanson, A. L., Gigante, G. E., Pedraza, L. J. & Mahtaboally, S. Q. G. (1992). Interaction of kev photons with matter and new applications. Phys. Rep., 213, 117-178.
5. Ciesla, K. and Tadeusz, T. (1991). Detection of starch transformation under y irradiation by small angle X-ray scattering starch-starke, 43, 11-12.
6. Duke, P. R. & Hanson, J. A. (1984). Compton scatter densitometry with polychromatic sources. Med. Phys., 11, 624-632.
7. Evans, S. H., Bradley, D. A., Dance, D. R., Batemen, J. E. & Jones, C. H. (1991). Measurement of small angle photon scattering for some breast tissues and tissue substitute materials. Phys. Med. Biol., 36, 7-18.
8. Glatter, O. and Kratky, O. (1982). Small angle X-ray scattering. Academic Press, London.
9. Harding, G. (1991). Optimisation criteria for CXRS baggage inspection. SPIE, 2511, 64-70.
10. Harding, G. and Kosanetzky, J. (1986). Chemical imaging with X-ray scatter. SPIE, 671, 81-88.
11. Harding, G., Kosanetzky, J. & Neitzel, U. (1987). X-ray diffraction computed tomography. Med. Phys., 14, 515-525.
12. Harding, G., Newton, M. & Kosanetzky, J. (1990). Energy dispersive X-ray diffraction tomography. Phys. Med. Biol., 35, 33-41.
13. Holt, R. S., Kouris, K., Cooper, M. J. & Jackson, D. F. (1983). The assessment of gamma scattering for the characterisation of biological material. Phys. Med. Biol., 28, 1435-1440.
14. Huddeston, A. L. & Sackler, J. P. (1985). The determination of electron density by the dual-energy Compton scatter. Med. Phys., 12, 13-19.
15. Huddeston, A. L. & Weaver, J. B. (1983). Dual-energy Compton-scatter densitometry. Int. J. Appl. Radiat. Isotopes, 34, 997-1002.
16. Huddeston, A. L., Posteraro, R. H., Sackler, J. P. and Dunn, S. E. (1986). Determination of multiple and single scatter fractions in Compton-scatter densitometry. Appl. Radiat. Isotopes Int. J. Radiat. Part A, 37, 1095-1102.
17. Kalliat, M., Kwak, C. Y., Schmidt, P. W., Cutter, B. E. & McGinnes, E. A. (1983). Small angle scattering measurement of porosity in wood. J. Wood Sci. Technol., 17, 241-257.
18. Kosanetzky, J., Harding, G. and Neitzel, U. (1986). Energy resolved X-ray diffraction CT. SPIE, 626, Medicine XIV/PACS IV, 137-142.
19. Lale, P. G. (1968). Radiology, 90, 510-517.
20. Luggar, D. L. (1994). Rayleigh scattered photons for substance identification. PhD thesis, University of Surrey.
21. Luggar, R. D., Gilboy, W. B. and MacCuaig, N. (1993). Industrial potential of Rayleigh scattered X-rays for identification of low Z materials. SPIE, 2092, Substance Detection Systems, 378-386.
22. Martens, G., Bomsdorf, H., Harding, G., Kanzenbach, J. and Linde, R. (1993). Coherent X-ray scatter imaging for foodstuff contamination detection. SPIE, 2092, Substance Detection Systems, 387-397.
23. Michielsen, J. F. C., Dings, J. & Vanderelsken, J. (1991). Small angle X-ray scattering in the early stages of ice formation. Phys. Rev., 44, 4068-4071.
24. Namito, Y., Ban, S., Hirayama, H., Nariyama, N., Nakashima, H., Nahane, Y., Sahamoto, Y., Sasmoto, N., Asano, Y. & Tanaha, S. (1995). Compton-scattering of 20 kev to 40 kev photons. Phys. Rev. A, 51, 3036-3043.
25. Nariyama, N., Tanaha, S., Nahane, Y., Namito, Y., Hirayama, H., Ban, S. & Nahashima, H. (1995). Absorbed dose measurements and calculations in photons for 15kev to 50kev photons. Health Phys., 68, 253-260.
26. Rao, D. V., Gigante, G. E. & Cesareo, R. (1995). Coherent and incoherent scattering of 42.75 and 47.24kev X-ray photons from Al, Cu, Y, Mo, Au and Pb. X-ray Spectrom., 24, 172-176.
27. Rosenthal, M. S. & Henry, L. J. (1990). Scattering in uniform media. Phys. Med. Biol., 35, 265-274.
28. Royle, G. D. & Speller, R. D. (1990). Small angle X-ray scattering of trabecula bone. Phys. Med., VI, 279-281.
29. Royle, G. D. & Speller, R. D. (1991). Low angle X-ray scattering for bone analysis. Phys. Med. Biol., 36, 383-389.
30. Royle, G. D. & Speller, R. D. (1995). Quantitative X-ray diffraction of bone and marrow volumes in excised femoral head samples. Phys. Med. Biol., 40, 1487-1498.
31. Speller, R. D. & Horrocks, J. A. (1988). A Monte Carlo study of multiple scatter effects in Compton scatter densitometry. Phys. Med. Biol., 15, 707-712.
32. Speller, R. D. & Horrocks, J. A. (1991). Photon scattering: a 'new' source of information in medicine and biology?. Phys. Med. Biol., 36, 1-6.
33. Speller, R. D. & Royle, G. D. (1992). Tissue characterisation using low angle X-ray scattering. J. X-ray Sci. Technol., 3, 77-84.
34. Speller, R. D., Horrocks, J. A. and Lacey, R. (1993). X-ray scattering signatures for material identification. SPIE, 2092, Substance Detection Systems, pp. 366-377.
35. Tillett, R. D. (1991). Image analysis for agricultural processes. J. Agric. Eng. Res., 50, 247-258.
36. Wakabayashi, K., Ueno, Y., Nishimura, K., Tanaka, H. & Amemiya, Y. (1989). Change in the small angle X-ray diffuse scattering from frog skeletal muscle during an isomeric contraction. J. Muscle Res. Cell Motility, 10, 3-255
37. Webb, S. (1988). The Physics of Medical Imaging. Adam Hilger, Bristol.
38. Webster, D. J. & Lillicrap, S. C. (1985). Coherent-Compton scattering for the assessment of bone mineral content using heavily filtered X-ray beams. Phys. Med. Biol., 30, 531-540.
39. Zhu, P., Peix, G., Babot, D. & Muller, J. (1995). In-line density measurement system using X-ray Compton scattering. Non Destructive Testing Int., 28, 3-7. IS 0963-8695
40. Zwiggelaar, R., Yang, Q., Garcia-Pardo, E. & Bull, C. R. (1996a). Use of spectral information and machine vision for bruise detection on peaches and apricots. J. Agric. Eng. Res., 63, 323-332.
41. Zwiggelaar, R., Bull, C. R. and Mooney, M. J. (1996b). X-ray simulations for imaging applications in the agricultural and food industry. J. Agric. Eng. Res., 63, in press.
42. Zwiggelaar, R., Bull, C. R., Mooney, M. J. and Czarnes, S. (1996c). The detection of 'soft' materials by selective energy X-ray transmission imaging. J. Agric. Eng. Res., in press.