Measurement of evaporative fluxes from candidate cover soils

Canadian Geotechnical Journal

Volumn 34, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 447-459

  Yanful, Ernest K ^a   Choo, Lin Pei ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO   (Canada)

Author keywords

Drying front; Mine tailings; Rates of evaporation; Soil covers; Suction

Indexed keywords

EVAPORATION; HYDRAULIC CONDUCTIVITY; NUMERICAL ANALYSIS; ORE TAILINGS;

EVAPORATION RATES; SOIL COVERS;

SOIL TESTING;

ACID MINE DRAINAGE; CLAY; EVAPORATION; LAB TEST; LABORATORY TEST; SAND; SOIL COVER;

EID: 0031164755     PISSN: 00083674     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1139/t97-002     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. ASTM. 1970. Manual on the use of thermocouples in temperature publication, 470. American Society for Testing and Materials, Philadelphia, Pa.
2. Bowles, J.E. 1986. Engineering properties of soils and their measurement. 3rd ed. McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York.
3. Choo, L.P. 1996. Evaluation of water flow in unsaturated soils for multi-layered mine waste covers. M.E.Sc. thesis, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ont.
4. Davis, J.L., and Chudobiak, W.J. 1975. In-situ meter for measuring relative permittivity of soils. Geological Survey Canada, Ottawa, Paper 75-1A, pp. 75-79.
5. Fellner-Feldegg, J. 1969. The measurement of dielectrics in the time domain. Journal of Physical Chemistry, 73: 616-623.
6. Gardner, W.R. 1959. Solutions of the flow equation for the drying of soils and other porous media. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings, 23: 183-187.
7. Gardner, W.R., and Hillel, D.I. 1962. The relation of external evaporative conditions to the drying of soils. Journal of Geophysical Research, 67(11): 4319-4325.
8. Geo-slope International Ltd. 1994. SEEP/W for finite element seepage analysis, Version 3. User's Guide. Geo-slope International Ltd., Calgary, Alta.
9. Green, R.E., Corey, J.C. 1971. Calculation of hydraulic conductivity: A further evaluation of some predictive methods. Soil Science Society of America Proceedings, 35: 3-8.
10. Hillel, D.I. 1971. Soil and water. Physical principles and processes. Academic Press Inc., New York.
11. Machibroda, R.T. 1994. Evaluation of evaporative fluxes from mine tailings using the Modified Penman formulation. M.Sc. thesis, College of Graduate Studies and Research, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Sask.
12. Machibroda, R., Wilson, G.W., and Barbour, S.L. 1993. A laboratory characterization of the properties of the Waite Amulet cover materials for evaporative flux modelling. University of Saskatchewan Report prepared for the Noranda Technology Centre.
13. Nakano, M. 1991. Transport phenomena in soils. University of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.
14. Passerat de Silans, A., Bruckler, L., Thony, J.L., and Vauclin, M. 1989. Numerical modeling of coupled heat and water flows during drying in a stratified bare soil - Comparison with field observations. Journal of Hydrology, 105: 109-138.
15. Redmon, D. 1994. WATTDR user's guide. Waterloo Centre for Groundwater Research, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ont., November 1994.
16. St-Arnaud, L.C., and Woyshner, M.R. 1993. Hydrological evaluation of the thickened tailings disposal system at Kidd Creek Divison, Falconbridge Limited. Noranda Technology Centre, Report to Mine Environment Neutral Drainage Project 2.33.2ab. MEND Secretariat, Ottawa, Ont.
17. Thornwaite, C.W. 1948. An approach toward a rational classification of climate. Geographical Reviews, 38: 55-94.
18. Topp, G.C., Davis, J.L., and Annan, A.P. 1980. Electromagnetic determination of soil water content: Measurements in coaxial transmission lines. Water Resources Research, 16(3): 574-582.
19. Wilson, G.W. 1990. Soil evaporative fluxes for geotechnical engineering problems. Ph.D. thesis, Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Sask.
20. Wilson, G.W., Fredlund, D.G., and Barbour, S.L. 1994. Coupled soil-atmosphere modelling for soil evaporation. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 31: 151-161.
21. Wilson, S.D. 1970. Suggested method of test for moisture-density relations of soils using Harvard compaction apparatus. In Special procedures for testing soil and rock for engineering purposes. 5th ed. American Society for Testing and Materials, Special Technical Publication No. 479, pp. 101-103.
22. Yanful, E.K. 1993. Oxygen diffusion through soil covers on sulphidic mine tailings. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 119(8): 1207-1228.
23. Yanful, E.K., and Aubé, B. 1993. Modelling moisture-retaining soil covers. 1993 Joint Canadian Society of Civil Engineers - American Society of Civil Engineers National Conference on Environmental Engineering, July 12-14, 1993, Montréal, Que., pp. 273-280.
24. Yanful, E.K., and St-Arnaud, L.C. 1991. Design, instrumentation and construction of engineered soil covers for reactive tailings management. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference On The Abatement Of Acid Drainage. Sponsored by MEND (Mine Environment Neutral Drainage), September 16-18, Montréal, Que., Vol. 1, pp. 487-504.
25. Yanful, E.K., and St-Arnaud, L.C. 1992. Migration of acidic pore waters at the Waite Amulet tailings site near Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec Canada. Canadian Geotechnical Journal, 29: 466-476.