Submarine and underground reverse osmosis schemes for energy-efficient seawater desalination

Desalination

Volumn 109, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 269-275

  Reali, M ^a   De Gerloni, M ^a   Sampaolo, A ^a  

^a ENEL   (Italy)

Author keywords

Energy efficiency; Seawater desalination; Submarine and underground reverse osmosis

Indexed keywords

DESALINATION; ENERGY EFFICIENCY; HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE; RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES; REVERSE OSMOSIS;

SUBMARINE REVERSE OSMOSIS; UNDERGROUND REVERSE OSMOSIS;

SEAWATER;

EID: 0031162892     PISSN: 00119164     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0011-9164(97)00073-8     Document Type: Article

References (14)

1. M. Reali, M. de Gerloni and G. Mazzà, Seawater desalination. Solar and wind energy for submarine reverse osmosis units. Report No. 4422 ENELSpa (DSR-CRIS), Milano, 1992.
2. M. Reali and HW. Pohland, Underground reverse osmosis units for sea water desalination, Proc. IDA World Conference on Desalination and Water Sciences, Abu Dhabi, UAE, 1995.
3. TECON SpA (Milano), Impianto sottomarino di dissalazione per osmosi inversa (Technical feasibility study of a submarine RO desalination plant made under contract of ENEL SpA (DSR-CRIS) (in Italian), Milano, 1993.
4. DIGET (Politecnico di Torino), Studio di fattibilità per un impianto di dissalazione in sotterraneo ad osmosi inversa. Realizzazione pozzo di accesso e caverna sotterranea. Feasibility study for an underground reverse osmosis desalination plant made under contract of ENEL SpA (DSR-CRIS, Milano) and ISMES SpA (Bergamo) (in Italian). Report PROG. STR-9014; Doc. RAT-STR-1187/96, ISMES SpA (Bergamo), 1996.
5. D. Hebden and G.R. Botha, Proc. 6th Int. Symp. on Fresh Water from the Sea, 4 (1978) 197.
6. European Project Prodesal, Contract RENA-CT94-0018.
7. B.C. Drude, Desalination, 2 (1967) 325.
8. E.F. Miller, Chem. Engineering, Nov. 18, 1968.
9. B.C. Drude and E. Klapp, Proc. 4th Int. Symp. on Fresh Water from the Sea, 4 (1973), 125.
10. P. Glueckstern, Desalination, 40 (1982) 143.
11. K.S. Spiegler, Salt Water Purification, Plenum Press, New York, 1977.
12. DuPont, data from brochure on SWRO desalination plant at Ghar Lapsi, Malta, 1991.
13. G. Morandi and M. Reali, Report Prog. DMM-8443; Doc. RAT-STR-44/96, ISMES SpA (Bergamo), 1995.
14. G.A. Bemporad and M. Reali, A solar pond desalination scheme for fresh water and salt production, Proc. 2nd Intern. Congress on Energy, Environment and Technological Innovation, Rome, 1992.