Do you see what I see? An exploration of congruence in ratings from multiple perspectives

Journal of Applied Social Psychology

Volumn 27, Issue 11, 1997, Pages 983-1020

  Church, Allan H ^a  

^a Pelham Associates Inc   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031150195     PISSN: 00219029     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/j.1559-1816.1997.tb00283.x     Document Type: Review

References (90)

1. Arnold, J., & Davey, K. M. (1992). Self-ratings and supervisor ratings of graduate employees' competencies during early career. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65, 235-250.
2. Ashford, S. J., & Tsui, A. S. (1991). Self-regulation for managerial effectiveness: The role of active feedback seeking. Academy of Management Journal, 34, 251-280.
3. Atwater, L. E., & Yammarino, F. J. (1992). Does self-other agreement on leadership perceptions moderate the validity of leadership and performance predictions? Personnel Psychology, 45, 141-164.
4. Bales, R. F. (1950). Interaction process analysis: A method for the study of small groups. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.
5. Bass, B. M., & Yammarino, F. J. (1991). Congruence of self and others' leadership ratings of naval officers for understanding successful performance. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 40, 437-454.
6. Bernardin, H. J. (1986). Subordinate appraisal: A valuable source of information about managers. Human Resource Management, 25, 421-439.
7. Bernardin, H. J., & Beatty, R. W. (1984). Performance appraisal: Assessing human behavior at work. Boston, MA: Kent.
8. Borman, W. C., White, L. A., & Dorsey, D. W. (1995). Effects of ratee task performance and interpersonal factors on supervisor and peer performance ratings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 80, 168-177.
9. Borman, W. C., White, L. A., Pulakos, E. D., & Oppler, S. H. (1991). Models of supervisory job performance ratings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 76, 863-872.
10. Bracken, D. W. (1994). Straight talk about multirater feedback. Training & Development, 48, 44-51.
11. Bretz, R. D., Milkovich, G. T., & Read, W. (1992). The current state of performance appraisal research and practice: Concerns, directions, and implications. Journal of Management, 18, 321-352.
12. Brown, J. D. (1986). Evaluations of self and others: Self-enhancement biases in social judgments. Social Cognition, 4, 335-376.
13. Burke, W. W. (1982). Organization development: Principles and practices. Glenview, IL: Scott, Foresman.
14. Burke, W. W., Richley, E. A., & DeAngelis, L. (1985). Changing leadership and planning processes at the Lewis Research Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Human Resource Management, 24, 81-90.
15. Buss, A. H. (1980). Self-consciousness and social anxiety. San Francisco, CA: Freeman.
16. Campbell, D. J., & Lee, C. (1988). Self-appraisal in performance evaluation: Development versus evaluation. Academy of Management Review, 13, 302-314.
17. Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1981). Attention and self-regulation: A control theory approach to human behavior. New York, NY: Springer-Verlag.
18. Cheston, S. L. (1996). Managerial self-awareness: A longitudinal study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY.
19. Church, A. H. (1994). Managerial self-awareness in high performing individuals in organizations. Dissertation Abstracts International, 55-05B, 2028. (University Microfilms No. AAI9427924)
20. Church, A. H. (1995). First-rate multirater feedback. Training & Development, 49, 42-43.
21. Church, A. H., & Javitch, M., & Burke W. W. (1995). Enhancing professional service quality: Feedback is the way to go. Managing Service Quality, 5, 29-33.
22. Church, A. H., & Waclawski, J. (1996). The effects of personality orientation and executive behavior on subordinate perceptions of workgroup enablement. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 4, 20-51.
23. Daniel, T. L. (1985). Managerial behaviors: Their relationship to perceived organizational climate in a high-technology company. Group & Organization Studies, 10, 413-428.
24. Davenport, T. H. (1993). Process innovation. Boston, MA: HBS.
25. Davidow, W. H., & Uttal, B. (1990). Total customer service: The ultimate weapon. New York, NY: Harper & Row.
26. DeNisi, A. S., & Williams, K. J. (1988). Cognitive approaches to performance appraisal. In G. R. Ferris & K. M. Rowland (Eds.), Research in personnel and human resources management (Vol. 6., pp. 109-155). Greenwich, CT: JAI.
27. Downham, T. A., Noel, J. L., & Prendergast, A. E. (1992). Executive development. Human Resources Management, 31, 95-107.
28. Duval, S., & Wicklund, R. A. (1972). A theory of objective self-awareness. New York, NY: Academic.
29. Farh, J., & Werbel, J. D. (1986). Effects of purpose of the appraisal and expectation of validation on self-appraisal leniency. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71, 527-529.
30. Fenigstein, A., Scheier, M. F., & Buss, A. H. (1975). Public and private self-consciousness: Assessment and theory. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 43, 522-527.
31. Furnham, A., & Stringfield, P. (1994). Congruence of self and subordinate ratings of managerial practices as a correlate of supervisor evaluation. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 67, 57-67.
32. Gangestad, S., & Snyder, M. (1985). "To carve nature at its joints": On the existence of discrete classes in personality. Psychological Review, 92, 317-349.
33. Gioia, D. A., & Longenecker, C. O. (1994). Delving into the dark side: The politics of executive appraisal. Organizational Dynamics, 22, 47-58.
34. Graen, G., & Schiemann, W. (1978). Leader-member agreement: A vertical dyad linkage approach. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63, 206-212.
35. Harrington, H. J. (1991). Business process improvement: The breakthrough strategy for total quality, productivity, and competitiveness. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
36. Harris, M. M. (1994). Rater motivation in the performance appraisal context: A theoretical framework. Journal of Management, 20, 737-756.
37. Harris, M. M., & Schaubroeck, J. (1988). A meta-analysis of self-supervisor, self-peer, and peer-supervisory ratings. Personnel Psychology, 41, 43-62.
38. Hazucha, J. F., Hezlett, S. A., & Schneider, R. J. (1993). The impact of 360-degree feedback on management skills development. Human Resource Management, 32, 325-351.
39. Heneman, H. O., III. (1974). Comparisons of self- and superior ratings of managerial performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59, 638-642.
40. Heneman, R. L. (1986). The relationship between supervisory ratings and results-oriented measures of performance: A meta-analysis. Personnel Psychology, 39, 811-826.
41. Heskett, J. L., Jones, T. O., Loveman, G. W., Sasser, W. E., & Schlesinger, L. A. (1994). Putting the service-profit chain to work. Harvard Business Review, 72, 164-174.
42. Hornstein, H. A., Bunker, B. B., Burke, W. W., Gindes, M., & Lewicki, R. J. (Eds.). (1971). Social intervention: A behavioral science approach. New York, NY: Free Press.
43. Ilgen, D. R., & Feldman, J. M. (1983). Performance appraisal: A process focus. In B. M. Staw & L. L. Cummings (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior (Vol. 5, pp. 141-196). Greenwich, CT: JAI.
44. John, D. W., Maruyama, G., Johnson, R., Nelson, D., & Skon, L. (1981). Effects of cooperative, competitive, and individualistic goal structures on achievement: A meta-analysis. Psychological Bulletin, 89, 47-62.
45. Judge, T. A., & Ferris, G. R. (1993). Social context of performance evaluation decisions. Academy of Management Journal, 36, 80-115.
46. Jussim, L., Soffin, S., Brown, R., Ley, J., & Kohlhepp, K. (1992). Understanding reactions to feedback by integrating ideas from symbolic interactionism and cognitive evaluation theory. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 62, 402-421.
47. Kanter, R. M. (1983). The change masters: Innovation and entrepreneurship in the American corporation. New York, NY: Simon & Schuster.
48. Klimoski, R. J., & London, M. (1974). Role of the rater in performance appraisal. Journal of Applied Psychology, 59, 445-451.
49. Landy, F., & Fair, J. (1980). Performance rating. Psychological Bulletin, 87, 72-107.
50. Latham, G. P., & Wexley, K. N. (1977). Behavioral observation scales for performance appraisal purposes. Personnel Psychology, 30, 255-268.
51. Lewicki, P. (1983). Self-image bias in person perception. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 45, 384-393.
52. London, M., & Beatty, R. W. (1993). 360-degree feedback as a competitive advantage. Human Resource Management, 32, 353-372.
53. London, M., & Wohlers, A. J. (1991). Agreement between subordinate and self-ratings in upward feedback. Personnel Psychology, 44, 375-390.
54. Longenecker, C. O., Sims, H. P., Jr., & Gioia, D. A. (1987). Behind the mask: The politics of employee appraisal. Academy of Management Executive, 1, 183-193.
55. Mabe, P. A., III, & West, S. G. (1982). Validity of self-evaluation of ability: A review and meta analysis. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67, 280-296.
56. Maister, D. H. (1993). Managing the professional service firm. New York, NY: The Free Press.
57. McIntyre, R. M., Smith, D. E., & Hassett, C. E. (1984). Accuracy of performance ratings as affected by rater training and perceived purpose of rating. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69, 147-156.
58. Muchinsky, P. M. (1983). Psychology applied to work: An introduction to industrial and organizational psychology. Homewood, IL: Dorsey.
59. Murphy, K. R., & Cleveland, J. N. (1995). Understanding performance appraisal: Social, organizational, and goal-based perspectives. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
60. Nadler, D. A. (1977). Feedback and organization development: Using data-based methods. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.
61. Nilsen, D., & Campbell, D. P. (1993). Self-observer rating discrepancies: Once an overrater, always an overrater? Human Resource Management, 32, 265-281.
62. Norušis, M. J. (1993). SPSS for Windows: Base system user's guide, release 6.0. Chicago, IL: SPSS.
63. Nowack, K. M. (1992). Self-assessment and rater assessment as a dimension of management development. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 3, 141-155.
64. Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill.
65. O'Reilly, B. (1994). 360° feedback can change your life. Fortune, 130, 93-94, 96, 100.
66. Ostroff, C. (1993). Rater perceptions, satisfaction and performance ratings. Journal of Occupational & Organizational Psychology, 66, 345-356.
67. Pelham, B. W., & Swann, W. B. (1989). From self-conceptions to self-worth: On the sources and structure of global self-esteem. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 57, 672-680.
68. Posner, B. Z., & Kouzes, J. M. (1990). Leadership practices: An alternative to the psychological perspective. In K. E. Clark & M. B Clark (Eds.), Measures of leadership (pp. 205-215). Greensboro, NC: Center for Creative Leadership.
69. Pulakos, E. D., & Wexley, K. N. (1983). The relationship among perceptual similarity, sex, and performance ratings in manager-subordinate dyads. Academy of Management Journal, 26, 129-139.
70. Riggio, R. E., & Cole, E. J. (1992). Agreement between subordinate and superior ratings on supervisory performance and effects on self and subordinate job satisfaction. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 65, 151-158.
71. Schneider, B. (1980). The service organization: Climate is crucial. Organizational Dynamics, 9, 52-65.
72. Schuler, R. S., & Huber, V. L. (1990). Personal and human resource management (4th ed.). St. Paul, MN: West.
73. Shipper, F., & Neck, C. P. (1990). Subordinates' observations: Feedback for management development. Human Resource Development Quarterly, 1, 371-385.
74. Shrauger, J. S., & Osberg, T. (1981). The relative accuracy of self-predictions and judgments by others in psychological assessment. Psychological Bulletin, 90, 322-351.
75. Shrauger, J. S., & Schoeneman, T. J. (1979). Symbolic interactionist view of self-concept: Through the looking glass darkly. Psychological Bulletin, 86, 549-572.
76. Shrauger, J. S., & Terbovic, M. L. (1976). Self-evaluation and assessments of performance by self and others. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 44, 564-572.
77. Snyder, M. (1974). Self-monitoring of expressive behavior. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 30, 526-537.
78. Teel, K. S. (1980). Performance appraisal: Current trends, persistent progress. Personnel Journal, 58, 296-301, 316.
79. Thornton, G. C., III. (1980). Psychometric properties of self-appraisal of job performance. Personnel Psychology, 33, 263-271.
80. Tichy, N. M., & Devanna, M. A. (1986). The transformational leader. New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons.
81. Tisak, J., & Smith, C. S. (1994). Defending and extending difference score methods. Journal of Management, 20, 675-682.
82. Turner, A. N. (1982). Consulting is more than giving advice. Harvard Business Review, 60, 120-129.
83. Van Velsor, E., Taylor, S., & Leslie, J. B. (1993). An examination of the relationships among self-perception accuracy, self-awareness, gender, and leader effectiveness. Human Resource Management, 32, 249-263.
84. Watson, D., & Clark, L. A. (1991). Self-versus peer ratings of specific emotional traits: Evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 927-940.
85. Wexley, K. N., & Pulakos, E. E. (1983). The effects of perceptual congruence and sex on subordinates' performance appraisals of their managers. Academy of Management Journal, 26, 666-676.
86. Wohlers, A. J., Hall, M., & London, M. (1993). Subordinates rating managers: Organizational and demographic correlates of self/subordinate agreement. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 66, 263-275.
87. Wohlers, A. J., & London, M. (1989). Ratings of managerial characteristics: Evaluation difficulty, co-worker agreement, and self-awareness. Personnel Psychology, 42, 235-261.
88. Yammarino, F. J., & Atwater, L. E. (1993). Understanding self-perception accuracy: Implications for human resource management. Human Resource Management, 32, 231-247.
89. Zalesny, M. D., & Highhouse, S. (1992). Accuracy in performance evaluations. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 51, 22-50.
90. Zimmerman, D. W. (1994). A note on interpretation of formulas for the reliability of differences. Journal of Educational Measurement, 31, 143-147.