Effects of agriculture on discharges of nutrients from Coastal Plain watersheds of Chesapeake Bay

Journal of Environmental Quality

Volumn 26, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 836-848

  Jordan, Thomas E ^a   Correll, David L ^a   Weller, Donald E ^a  

^a SMITHSONIAN ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CARBON; COMPOSITION; DISCHARGE (FLUID MECHANICS); EFFECTS; LAND USE; NITROGEN; PH; PHOSPHORUS; SEDIMENTS; SILICATES; WATER; WATERSHEDS;

CHESAPEAKE BAY; COASTAL PLAIN WATERSHEDS; NUTRIENTS;

AGRICULTURE;

AGRICULTURE; ARTICLE; CROP; LAND USE; NUTRIENT; SEDIMENT; WATER POLLUTION;

EID: 0031149728     PISSN: 00472425     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600030034x     Document Type: Article

References (87)

1. Abrahamson, D.E. 1989. The challenge of global warming. Island Press, Washington, DC.
2. Alexander, R.B., and R.A. Smith. 1990. County-level estimates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer use in the United States 1945-1985. Open-File Report 90-30. U.S. Geol. Surv., Reston, VA.
3. American Public Health Association. 1989. Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater. 17th ed. APHA, Washington, DC.
4. ApSimon, H.M., M. Kruse, and J.N.B. Bell. 1987. Ammonia emissions and their role in acid depositions of ammonia and ammonium in Europe. Atmos. Environ. 22:725-735.
5. Anderson, G.F. 1986. Silica, diatoms and a freshwater productivity maximum in Atlantic Coastal Plain estuaries, Chesapeake Bay. Estuarine, Coastal Shelf Sci. 22:183-198.
6. Beaulac, M.N., and K.H. Reckhow. 1982. An examination of land use - Nutrient export relationships. Water Resour. Bull. 18: 1013-1022.
7. Bolin, B.P., P.J. Crutzen, P.M. Vitousek, R.G. Woodmansee, E.D. Goldberg, and R.B. Cook. 1983. Interactions of biogeochemical cycles, p. 1-40. In B. Bolin and R.B. Cook (ed.) The major biogeochemical cycles and their interactions. John Wiley & Sons, New York.
8. Bohlke, J.K., and J.M. Denver. 1995. Combined use of groundwater dating, chemical and isotopic analyses to resolve the history and fate of nitrate contamination in two agricultural watersheds, Atlantic coastal plain, Maryland. Water Resour. Res. 31:2319-2339.
9. Boynton, W.R., W.M. Kemp, and C.W. Keefe. 1982. A comparative analysis of nutrients and other factors influencing estuarine phytoplankton production, p. 69-90. In V. Kennedy (ed.) Estuarine comparisons. Academic Press, New York.
10. Bureau of the Census. 1993. 1987 Census of agriculture: Vol. 1. Geographic Area Series. CD-ROM. Data user services division. U.S. Department of Commerce, Washington, DC.
11. Chirlin, G.R., and R.W. Schaffner. 1977. Observations on the water balance for seven sub-basins of Rhode River, Maryland, p. 277-306. In D.L. Correll (ed.) Watershed research in eastern North America: A workshop to compare results. Vol. 1. Smithsonian Press, Washington, DC.
12. Chow, V.T. 1964. Handbook of applied hydrology. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York.
13. Cicerone, R. 1989. Global warming, acid rain, and ozone depletion. p. 231-238. In D.E. Abrahamson (ed.) The challenge of global warming. Island Press, Washington, DC.
14. Conley, D.J., and T.C. Malone. 1992. Annual cycle of dissolved silicate in Chesapeake Bay: Implications for the production and fate of phytoplankton biomass. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 81:121-128.
15. Correll, D.L. 1977. Overview of the Rhode River watershed program. p. 105-124. In D.L. Correll (ed.) Watershed research in eastern North America. Smithsonian Press, Washington, DC.
16. Correll, D.L. 1981. Nutrient mass balances for the watershed, headwaters intertidal zone, and basin of the Rhode River Estuary. Limnol. Oceanogr. 26:1142-1149.
17. Correll, D.L. 1987. Nutrients in Chesapeake Bay. p. 298-319. In S.K. Majumdar et al. (ed.) Contaminant problems and management of living Chesapeake Bay resources. The Pennsylvania Academy of Science, Philadelphia.
18. Correll, D.L. 1991. Human impact on the functioning of landscape boundaries. p. 90-109. In M.M. Holland et al. (ed.) The role of landscape boundaries in the management and restoration of changing environments. Chapman and Hall, New York.
19. Correll, D.L., T.E. Jordan, and D.E. Weller. 1992. Nutrient flux in a landscape: Effects of coastal land use and terrestrial community mosaic on nutrient transport to coastal waters. Estuaries 15: 431-442.
20. Darling, J.M. 1962. Maryland streamflow characteristics. Bull. 25. U.S. Geol. Surv., Reston, VA.
21. D'Elia, C.F., D.M. Nelson, and W.R. Boynlon. 1983. Chesapeake Bay nutrient and plankton dynamics: III. The annual cycle of dissolved silicon. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 47:1945-1955.
22. Dillon, P. J., and W.B. Kirchner. 1975. The effects of geology and land use on the export of phosphorus from watersheds. Water Res. 9:135-148.
23. Dobbs, R.A. and R.T. Williams. 1963. Elimination of chloride interference in the chemical oxygen demand test. Anal. Chem. 35: 1064-1067.
24. Fisher, D.C., and M. Oppenheimer. 1991. Atmospheric nitrogen deposition and the Chesapeake Bay estuary. Ambio 20:102-108.
25. Frink, C.R. 1991. Estimating nutrient exports to estuaries. J. Environ. Qual. 20:717-724.
26. Gallegos, C.L. 1992. Photosynthesis, productivity, and species composition in a eutrophic subestuary: Comparison of bloom and non-bloom assemblages. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 81:257-267.
27. Gallegos, C.L., T.E. Jordan, and D.L. Correll. 1992. Event-scale response of phytoplankton to watershed inputs in a subestuary: Timing, magnitude and location of blooms. Limnol. Oceanogr. 37: 813-828.
28. Gaudy, A.F. and M. Ramanathan. 1964. A colorimetric method for determining chemical oxygen demand. J. Water Pollut. Control Fed. 36:1479-1487.
29. Giddens, J. and A.M. Rao. 1975. Effect of incubation and contact with soil on microbial and nitrogen changes in poultry manure. J. Environ. Qual. 4:275-278.
30. Gilliam, J.W., and R.W. Skaggs. 1988. Nutrient and sediment removal in wetland buffers, p. 174-177. In J.A. Kusler and G. Brooks (ed.) Proc. of the National Wetland Symp.: Wetland hydrology. Assoc. of State Wetland Mgrs., Berme, NY.
31. Grobler, D.C., and M.J. Silberbauer. 1985. The combined effect of geology, phosphate sources and runoff on phosphate export from drainage basins. Water Res. 19:975-981.
32. Haycock, N.E., and G. Pinay. 1993. Nitrate retention in grass and popular vegetated riparian buffer strips during the winter. J. Environ. Qual. 22:273-278.
33. Hill, A.R. 1978. Factors affecting the export of nitrate-nitrogen from drainage basins in southern Ontario. Water Res. 12:1045-1057.
34. Howarth, R.W., G. Billen, D. Swaney, A. Townsend, N. Jaworski, K. Lajtha, J.A. Downing, R. Elmgren, N. Caraco, T. Jordan, F. Berendse, J. Freney, V. Kudeyarov, P. Murdoch, and Zhu Zhaoliang. 1997. Riverine inputs of nitrogen to the North Atlantic Ocean: Fluxes and human influences. Biogeochemistry.
35. Jacobs, T.C., and J.W. Gilliam. 1985. Riparian losses of nitrate from agricultural drainage waters. J. Environ. Qual. 14:472-478.
36. Jaworski, N.A., P.M. Groffman, A.A. Keller, and J.C. Prager. 1992. A watershed nitrogen and phosphorus balance: The upper Potomac River basin. Estuaries 15:83-95.
37. Jordan, T.E., D.L. Correll, W.T. Peterjohn, and D.E. Weller. 1986a. Nutrient flux in a landscape: The Rhode River watershed and receiving waters. p. 57-76. In D.L. Correll (ed.) Watershed research perspectives. Smithsonian Press, Washington, DC.
38. Jordan, T.E., D.L. Correll, J. Miklas, and D.E. Weller. 1991a. Nutrients and chlorophyll at the interface of a watershed and an estuary. Limnol. Oceanogr. 36:251-267.
39. Jordan, T.E., D.L. Correll, J. Miklas, and D.E. Weller. 1991b. Long-term trends in estuarine nutrients and chlorophyll, and short-term effects of variation in watershed discharge. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 75:121-132.
40. Jordan, T.E., D.L. Correll, and D.E. Weller. 1993. Nutrient interception by a riparian forest receiving inputs from cropland. J. Environ. Qual. 22:467-473.
41. Jordan, T.E., D.L. Correll, D.E. Weller, and N.M. Goff. 1995. Temporal variation in precipitation chemistry on the shore of the Chesapeake Bay. Water Air Soil Pollut. 83:263-284.
42. Jordan T.E., J.W. Pierce, and D.L. Correll. 1986b. Flux of particulate matter in the tidal marshes and subtidal shallows of the Rhode River estuary. Estuaries 9:310-319.
43. Jordan, T.E. and D.E. Weller. 1996. Human contributions to terrestrial nitrogen flux. BioScience 46:655-664.
44. Kemp, W.M., R.R. Twilly, J.C, Stevenson, W.R. Boynton, J.C. Means. 1983. The decline of submerged vascular plants in upper Chesapeake Bay: Summary of results concerning possible causes. Mar. Technol. Soc. J. 17:78-89.
45. King, E.J. 1932. The colorimetric determination of phosphorus. Biochem. J. 26:292-297.
46. Kronvang, B. 1992. The export of particulate matter, particulate phosphorus and dissolved phosphorus from two agricultural river basins: Implications on estimating the non-point phosphorus load. Water Res. 26:1347-1358.
47. Lal, M., and T. Holt. 1991. Ozone depletion due to increasing anthropogenic trace gas emissions: Role of stratospheric chemistry and implications for future climate. Clim. Res. 1:185-195.
48. Lowrance, R. 1992. Groundwater nitrate and denitrification in a coastal plain riparian forest. J. Environ. Qual. 21:401-405.
49. Lowrance, R., R. Leonard, and J. Sheridan. 1985. Managing riparian ecosystems to control nonpoint pollution. J. Soil Water Conserv. 40:87-97.
50. Lowrance, R., R. Todd, J. Fail, O. Hendrickson, R. Leonard, and L. Asmussen. 1984. Riparian forests at nutrient filters in agricultural watersheds. Bioscience 34:374-377.
51. Maciolek, J. A. 1962. Limnological organic analyses by quantitative dichromate oxidation. U.S. Fish Wildlife Serv. Publ. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and Wildlife, Washington, DC.
52. Malone, T.C., L.H. Crocker, S.E. Pike, and B.W. Wendler. 1988. Influence of river flow on the dynamics of phytoplankton production in a partially stratified estuary. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 48: 235-249
53. Malone, T.C., W.M. Kemp, H.W. Ducklow, W.R. Boynton, J.H. Tuttle, and R.B. Jonas. 1986. Lateral variation in the production and fate of phytoplankton in a partially stratified estuary. Mar. Ecol. Progr. Ser. 32:149-160.
54. Martin, D.F. 1972. Marine chemistry. Vol. 1. Marcel Dekker, New York.
55. Mason, J.W., G.D. Wegner, G.I. Quinn, and E.L. Lange. 1990. Nutrient loss via groundwater discharge from small watersheds in southwestern and south central Wisconsin. J. Soil Water Conserv. 45: 327-331.
56. Mozaffari, M., and J.T. Sims. 1994. Phosphorus availability and sorption in an Atlantic Coastal Plain watershed dominated by animal-based agriculture. Soil Sci. 157:97-107.
57. National Atmospheric Depostion Program. 1992. NADP (NRSP-3)/ National Trends Network, NADP/NTN Coordination Office, Fort Collins, CO.
58. National Aerial Photography Program. 1991. U.S. Geol. Surv., Earth Sci. Information Center, Reston, VA.
59. National Center for Resource Information Chesapeake. 1982. Major land resource areas in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed: Aerial data from the 1982 USDA/SCS National Resource Inventory. NCRI, Rosslyn, VA.
60. Neill, M. 1989. Nitrate concentrations in river waters in the southeast of Ireland and their relationship with agricultural practice. Water Res. 23:1339-1355.
61. Nearing, M.A., R.M. Risse, and L.F. Rogers. 1993. Estimating daily nutrient fluxes to a large Piedmont reservoir from limited tributary data. J. Environ. Qual. 22:666-671.
62. Nixon, S.W. 1995. Coastal marine eutrophication: A definition, social causes, and future consequences. Ophelia 41:199-219.
63. Officer, C.B., R.B. Biggs, J.L. Taft, L.E. Cronin, M.A. Tyler, and W.R. Boynton. 1984. Chesapeake Bay anoxia: Origin, development significance. Science (Washington, DC) 223:22-27.
64. Ott, A.N., C.S. Takita, R.E. Edwards, and S.W. Bollinger. 1991. Loads and yields of nutrients and suspended sediment transported in the Susquehanna River basin, 1985-89. Publ. 136. Susquehanna River Basin Commission, Harrisburg, PA.
65. Owens, L.B., W.M. Edwards, and R.W. Keuren. 1991. Baseflow and stormflow transport of nutrients from mixed agricultural watersheds J. Environ. Qual. 21:147-150.
66. 4 from air bubbles in Antarctic ice. Nature (London) 320: 248-250.
67. Peterjohn, W.T., and D.L. Correll. 1984. Nutrient dynamics in an agricultural watershed: Observations on the role of a riparian forest. Ecology 65:1466-1475.
68. Peterjohn, W.T., and D.L. Correll. 1986. The effect of riparian forest on the volume and chemical composition of baseflow in an agricultural watershed. p. 244-262. In D.L. Correll (ed.) Watershed research perspectives. Smithsonian Inst. Press, Washington, DC.
69. Power, J.F., and J.S. Schepers. 1989. Nitrate contamination of groundwater in North America. Agric., Ecosyst. Environ. 26:165-187.
70. Puckett, L.J. 1994. Nonpoint and point sources of nitrogen in major watersheds of the United States. Water-Resources Investigations Rep 94-4001. U.S. Geol. Surv., Reston, VA.
71. Rasmussen, R.A., and M.A. Khalil. 1986. Atmospheric trace gases: Trends and distributions over the last decade. Science (Washington, DC) 232:1623-1624.
72. Redfield, A.C. 1958. The biological control of chemical factors in the environment. Am. Sci. 46:205-221.
73. Rekolainen, S. 1990. Phosphorus and nitrogen load from forest and agricultural areas in Finland. Aqua Fennica 19:95-107.
74. Schindler, D.W., and S.E. Bayley. 1993. The biosphere as an increasing sink for atmospheric carbon: Estimates from increased nitrogen deposition. Global Biogeochem. Cycles 7:717-733.
75. 3. Biogeochemistry 15:191-211.
76. Sims, J.T., and D.C. Wolf. 1994. Poultry waste management: Agricultural and environmental issues. Adv.Agron. 52:1-83.
77. Strebel, O., W.H.M. Duynisveld, and J. Bottcher. 1989. Nitrate pollution of groundwater in Western Europe. Agric. Ecosyst. Environ. 26:189-214.
78. Strickland, J.D.H., and T.R. Parsons. 1972. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. 2nd ed. Bull. Fish. Res. Bd. Can. 165. Fisheries Res. Board of Canada, Ottawa.
79. Taft, J.L., W.R. Taylor, E.O. Hartwig, and R. Loftus. 1980. Seasonal oxygen depletion in Chesapeake Bay. Estuaries 3:242-247.
80. Thomas, G.W., and J.W. Gilliam. 1977. Agro-ecosystems in the U.S.A. Agro-Ecosystems 4:182-243.
81. Thomas, G.W., G.R. Haszler, and J.D. Crutchfield. 1992. Nitrate-nitrogen and phosphate-phosphorus in seven Kentucky streams draining small agricultural watersheds: Eighteen years later. J. Environ. Qual. 21:147-150.
82. Turner, D.P., G.J. Koerper, M.E. Harmon, and J.J. Lee. 1995. A carbon budget for forests of the conterminous United States. Ecol. Appl. 5:421-436.
83. Turner, R.E., and N.N. Rabalais. 1991. Changes in Mississippi River water quality this century. Bioscience 41:140-147.
84. Vaithiyanathan, P., and D.L. Correll. 1992. The Rhode River watershed: Phosphorus distribution and export in forest and agricultural soils. J. Environ. Qual. 21:280-288.
85. Vighi, M., S. Soprani, P. Puzzarini, and G. Menghi. 1991. Phosphorus loads from selected watersheds in the drainage area of the Northern Adriatic Sea. J. Environ. Qual. 20:439-444.
86. Walling, D.E., and B.W. Webb. 1985. Estimating the discharge of contaminants to coastal waters by rivers: Some cautionary comments Mar. Pollut. Bull. 16:488-492.
87. Weller, D.E., D.L. Correll and T.E. Jordan. 1994. Denitrification in riparian forests receiving agricultural runoff, p. 117-132. In W.J. Mitch (ed) Global wetlands. Elsevier, New York.