Card-sort performance and syndromes of schizophrenia

Genetic, Social, and General Psychology Monographs

Volumn 123, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 197-209

  Rowe, Ellen W ^a   Shean, Glenn ^a,b  

^a Eastern State Hospital Williamsburg   (United States)

^b The College of William and Mary   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; ATTENTION; CLASSIFICATION; COGNITIVE DEFECT; DISCRIMINATION LEARNING; EGO; HUMAN; MOTIVATION; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST; PERCEPTION DISORDER; PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECT; PSYCHOLOGY; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SYNDROME;

ADULT; ATTENTION; COGNITION DISORDERS; DISCRIMINATION LEARNING; HUMANS; MOTIVATION; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TESTS; PERCEPTUAL DISTORTION; PSYCHOMOTOR PERFORMANCE; REALITY TESTING; SCHIZOPHRENIA; SCHIZOPHRENIC PSYCHOLOGY; SYNDROME;

EID: 0031137175     PISSN: 87567547     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (35)

1. Andreasen, N. C. (1982). Negative symptoms in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 784-788.
2. Andreasen, N. C. (1984a). Scale for The Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS). Unpublished manuscript. Department of Psychiatry. College of Medicine. The University of Iowa, Iowa City.
3. Andreasen, N. C. (1984b). Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS). Unpublished manuscript, Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa City.
4. Andreasen, N. C. (1985). Positive V. negative schizophrenia: A critical evaluation. Schizophrenia Bulletin. 11, 380-389.
5. Andreasen, N. C., Arndt, S., Alliger, R., Miller, D., & Flaum. M. (1995). Symptoms of schizophrenia: Methods, meanings and mechanisms. Archives of General Psychiatry, 52, 341-351.
6. Arndt, S., Alliger, R. J., & Andreasen, N. C. (1991). The distinction of positive and negative symptoms. British Journal of Psychiatry, 158, 317-322.
7. Bellack, A. S., Mueser, K. T., Morrison, R., Tierney, A., & Podell, K. (1990). Remediation of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 1650-1655.
8. Butler, R. W., Jenkins, M., Sprock, J., & Braff, D. L (1992). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test deficits in chronic paranoid schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 7, 169-176.
9. Crow, T. J. (1985). The two-syndrome concept: Origins and current status. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 11, 471-486.
10. Fey, E. T. (1951). The performance of young schizophrenics and young normals on the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 15, 311-319.
11. Goldberg, T. E., & Weinberger, D. R. (1991). Impaired Wisconsin Card Sort performance in schizophrenia may reflect motivational deficits: Reply. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 283.
12. Goldberg, T. E., Weinberger, D. R., Berman, K. F., Pliskin, N. H., & Podd, M. H. (1987). Further evidence for dementia of the prefrontal type in schizophrenia? Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 1008-1014.
13. Goldman, R. S., Axelrod, B. N., Tandon, R., & Berent, S. (1991). Analysis of executive functioning in schizophrenics using the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 179, 507-508.
14. Gorsuch, R. L. (1974). Factor analysis. Philadelphia: Saunders.
15. Green, M. F., Ganzell, S., Satz, P., & Vaclav, J. F. (1990). Teaching the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test to schizophrenic patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 47, 91-92.
16. Green, M. F., Satz, P., Ganzell, S., & Vaclav, J. F. (1992). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test performance in schizophrenia: Remediation of a stubborn deficit. American Journal of Psychiatry, 149, 62-67.
17. Heaton, R. K. (1981). Wisconsin Card Sorting Test: Manual. Odessa, FL: Psychological Assessment Resources.
18. Liddle, P. F. (1987a). Schizophrenic syndromes, cognitive performance and neurological dysfunction. Psychological Medicine, 17(1), 49-57.
19. Liddle, P. F. (1987b). The symptoms of chronic schizophrenia: A re-examination of the positive-negative dichotomy. British Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 145-151.
20. Liddle, P. F., & Barnes, T. R. E. (1990). Syndromes of chronic schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 157, 558-561.
21. Liddle, P. F., Barnes, T. R. E., Morris, D., & Hague, S. (1989). Three syndromes in chronic schizophrenia. British Journal of Psychiatry, 155, 119-122.
22. Liddle, P. F., & Morris, D. (1991). Schizophrenic syndromes and frontal lobe performance. British Journal of Psychiatry. 156, 340-345.
23. Malla, A. K., Norman, R., Williamson, P., Cortese, L., & Diaz, F. (1993). Three syndrome concept of schizophrenia. Schizophrenia Research, 10, 143-150.
24. Malmo, H. P. (1974). On frontal lobe functions: Psychiatric patient controls. Cortex, 10, 231-237.
25. Mason, A. S., & Granacher, R. P. (1980). Clinical handbook of antipsychotic drug therapy. New York: Brunner/Mazel.
26. Milner, B. (1963). Effects of different brain lesions on card sorting. Archives of Neurology, 9, 90-100.
27. Minas, I. H., Stuart, G. W., Klimidis, S., Jackson, H., Singh, B. S., & Copolov, D. L. (1992). Positive and negative symptoms in the psychoses: Multidimensional scaling of SAPS and SANS items. Schizophrenia Research, 8, 143-156.
28. Mirsky, A. F., Anthony, B. J., Duncan, C., Ahearn, M. B., & Kellam, S. (1991), Analysis of elements of attention: A neuropsychological approach. Neuropsychology Review, 2, 109-145.
29. Peralta, V., de Leon, J., & Cuesta, M. J. (1992). Are there more than two syndromes in schizophrenia? British Journal of Psychiatry, 161, 335-343.
30. Stuss, D. T., & Benson, D. F. (1983). Frontal lobe lesions and behavior. In Andrew Kertesz (Ed.), Localization in neuropsychology (pp. 440-448). San Diego: Academic Press.
31. Summerfelt, A. T., Alphs, L. D., Funderburk, F. R., Strauss, M. E., & Wagman, A. M. I. (1991). Impaired Wisconsin Card Sort performance in schizophrenia may reflect motivational deficits. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 282-283.
32. Van der Does, A. J., Dingemans, P. M., Linszen, D. H., Nugter, M. A., & Scholte, W. F. (1993). Symptom dimensions and cognitive and social functioning in recent onset schizophrenia. Psychological Medicine, 23, 745-753.
33. Van der Does, A. J., & Van den Bosch, R. J. (1992). What determines Wisconsin Card Sorting performance in schizophrenia. Clinical Psychology Review, 12, 567-583.
34. Wechsler, D. (1981). Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-revised manual. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
35. Weinberger, D. R., Berman, K. F., & Zec, R. F. (1986). Physiologic dysfunction of dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 43, 114-124.