Wavelength trimming by external light irradiation - Post-fabrication lasing wavelength adjustment for multiple-wavelength distributed-feedback laser arrays

IEEE Journal on Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics

Volumn 3, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 577-583

  Sudoh, Tsurugi K ^a,b   Nakano, Yoshiaki ^a   Tada, Kunio ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO   (Japan)

^b JAPAN SOCIETY OF APPLIED PHYSICS   (Japan)

Author keywords

Chhalcogenide; DFB laser; Distributed feedback; Photoinduced index change; Semiconductor laser; Wavelength trimming; WDM

Indexed keywords

ERROR CORRECTION; FREQUENCY DIVISION MULTIPLEXING; OPTICAL FILMS; OPTICAL GLASS; OSCILLATIONS; REFRACTIVE INDEX; SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICE MANUFACTURE; SEMICONDUCTOR LASERS;

CHALCOGENIDES; WAVELENGTH TRIMMING;

DISTRIBUTED FEEDBACK LASERS;

EID: 0031108761     PISSN: 1077260X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1109/2944.605709     Document Type: Article

References (37)

1. Y. C. Chung, J. Jeong, and L. S. Cheng, "Aging-induced wavelength shifts in 1.5-μm DFB lasers," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 6, pp. 792-795, 1994.
2. H. Okuda, Y. Hirayama, H. Furuyama, and Y. Uematsu, "Simultaneous CW operation of 5-wavelength integrated GaInAsP/InP DFB laser array with 50 Å lasing wavelength separation," Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Part 2, vol. 23, pp. L904-L906, 1984.
3. M. Nakao, K. Sato, T. Nishida, T. Tamamura, A. Ozawa, Y. Saito, I. Okada, and H. Yoshihara, "1.55 μm DFB laser array with λ/4-shifted first-order gratings fabricated by X-ray lithography," Electron. Lett., vol. 25, pp. 148-149, 1989.
4. H. Yasaka, J. Nakano, M. Fukuda, Y. Nakano, and Y. Itaya, "Optical frequency spacing tunable four-channel integrated 1.55 μm multielectrode distributed-feedback laser array," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 1, pp. 75-76, 1989.
5. C. E. Zah, P. S. D. Lin, F. Favire, B. Pathak, R. Bhat, C. Caneau, A. S. Gozdz, N. C. Andreadakis, M. A. Koza, T. P. Lee, T. C. Wu, and K. Y. Lau, "1.5 μm compressive-strained multiquantum-well 20-wavelength distributed-feedback laser arrays," Electron. Lett., vol. 28, pp. 824-826, 1992.
6. L. A. Wang, Y. H. Lo, A. S. Gozdz, P. S. D. Lin, M. Z. Iqbal, and R. Bhat, "Integrated four-wavelength DFB laser array with 10 Gb/s speed and 5 nm continuous tuning range,"IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 4, pp. 318-320, 1992.
7. T. Ohishi, H. Watanabe, M. Kawano, A. Takemoto, Y. Nakajima, E. Omura, M. Aiga, and K. Ikeda, "Wavelength tunable 4-element laser array," in Proc. SPIE, 1992, vol. 1634, pp. 258-265.
8. L. M. Miller, K. J. Beernink, J. S. Hughes, S. G. Bishop, and J. J. Coleman, "Four wavelength distributed feedback ridge waveguide quantum-well heterostructure laser array,"Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 61, pp. 2964-2966, 1992.
9. M. Aoki, T. Taniwatari, M. Suzuki, and T. Tsutsui, "Detuning adjustable multiwavelength MQW-DFB laser array grown by effective index/quantum energy control selective area MOVPE,"IEEE Photon Technol. Lett., vol. 6, pp. 789-791, 1994.
10. G. P. Li, T. Makino, and C. M. Wu, "Multi-λ ridge waveguide gain-coupled DFB laser array,"J. Lightwave Technol., vol. 13, pp. 196-199, 1995.
11. M. G. Young, U. Koren, B. I. Miller, M. Chien, T. L. Koch, D. M. Tennant, K. Feder, K. Dreyer, and G. Raybon, "Six wavelength laser array with integrated amplifier and modulator,"Electron. Lett., vol. 31, pp. 1835-1836, 1995.
12. G. P. Li, T. Makino, A. Sarangan, and W. Huang, "16-wavelength gain-coupled DFB laser array with fine tunability,"IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., vol. 8, pp. 22-24, 1996.
13. C. E. Zah, M. R. Amersfoort, B. Pathak, F. Favire, P. S. D. Lin, A. Rajhel, N. C. Andreadakis, R. Bhat, C. Caneau, and M. A. Koza, "Wavelength accuracy and output power of multiwavelength DFB laser arrays with integrated star couplers and optical amplifiers,"IEEE Photon. Technol, Lett., vol. 8, pp. 864-866, 1996.
14. Y. Kotaki and H. Ishikawa, "Wavelength tunable DFB and DBR lasres for coherent optical fiber communications," in Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng. J., 1991, vol. 138.
15. M. Heyen, "New concept for multiwafer production of highly uniform III-V layers for optoelectronic applications by MOVPE," in Proc. SPIE, 1991, vol. 1362, pt. 1, pp. 146-153.
16. A. S. Jordan, A. Robertson, and J. L. Zilko, "Thermodynamic interpretation of quaternary (InGaAsP) layer uniformity grown by low-pressure metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy,"Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 62, pp. 360-362, 1993.
17. 2-ECR plasma etching of III/V semiconductor and its application to phtonic devices,"Trans. Inst. Electron. Inform. Commun. Eng. C-I, vol. J77C-I, pp. 260-267, 1994.
18. 2 dry etching of III-V semiconductors," J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B, Microelectron. Nanometer Struct., vol. 12, pp. 1333-1339, 1994.
19. G. A. Hardway and C. C. Callihan, "Laser precision adjustment of cermet resistors in production,"Solid State Technol., vol. 11, pp. 29-32, 1968.
20. T. Ngo and R. Hester, "Op amp combining precision, high speed, and high output current drive for + or -5-V power supply operation,"IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, vol. 25, pp. 856-862, 1990.
21. L. A. Coldren and S. W. Corzine, "Continuously-tunable single-frequency semiconductor lasers,"IEEE J. Quantum Electron., vol. QE-23, pp. 903-908, 1987.
22. S. A. Keneman, "Hologram storage in arsenic trisulfide thin films,"Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 19, pp. 205-207, 1971.
23. T. Igo and Y. Toyoshima, "Optically induced reversible change in amorphous semiconductors,"Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., vol. 11, pp. 117-118, 1972.
24. Y. Ohmachi and T. Igo, "Laser-induced refractive-index change in As-S-Ge glasses,"Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 20, pp. 506-508, 1972.
25. T. Igo and Y. Toyoshima, "A reversible optical change in the As-Se-Ge glass,"J. Non-Cryst. Solids, vol. 11, pp. 304-308, 1973.
26. S. Zembutsu, Y. Toyoshima, T. Igo, and H. Nagai, "Properties of (Se, S)-based chalcogenide glass films, and an application to a holographic supermicrofiche,"Appl. Opt., vol. 14, pp. 3073-3077, 1975.
27. O. Mikami, J. Noda, S. Zembutsu, and S. Fukunishi, "Phase tuning in optical directional coupler by photostructural effect of chalcogenide glass film,"Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 31, pp. 376-378, 1977.
28. H. Nishihara, Y. Handa, T. Suhara, and J. Koyama, "Direct writing of optical gratings using a scanning electron microscope,"Appl. Opt., vol. 17, pp. 2342-2345, 1978.
29. S. A. Keneman, J. Bordogna, and J. N. Zemel. "Evaporated films of arsenic trisulfide: Dependence of optical properties on light exposure and heat cycling,"J. Opt. Soc. Amer., vol. 68, pp. 32-38, 1978.
30. O. Mikami and S. Zembutsu, "Coupling-length adjustment for an optical directional coupler as a 2 × 2 switch,"Appl. Phys. Lett., vol. 35, pp. 38-40, 1979.
31. K. Tanaka and Y. Ohtsuka, "Composition dependence of photo-induced refractive index change in amorphous As-S films,"Thin Solid Films, vol. 57, pp. 59-64, 1979.
32. K. Tada, N. Tanio, T. Murai, and M. Aoki, "Sputtered films of sulphur-and/or selenium-based chalcogenide glasses for optical waveguides," Thin Solid Films, vol. 96, no. 2, pp. 141-147, Oct. 1982.
33. K. Tanaka, Y. Imai, and A. Odajima, "Photo-optical devices by amorphous As-S waveguides,"J. Appl. Phys., vol. 57, pp. 4897-4900, 1985.
34. H. C. Casey Jr. and M. B. Panish, Heterostructure Lasers. New York: Academic, 1978.
35. T. Tamir, Ed., Guided-Wave Optoelectronics, 2nd ed. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag, 1990.
36. F. Vermaerke, I. Moerman, G. Vermeire, L. Buydens, P. Van Daele, and P. Demeester, "Simple reliable processing technique for low-threshold high-power strained InGaAs-AlGaAs GRINSCH SQW laser diodes," IEE Proc.-J., vol. 140, pp. 75-79, 1993.
37. T. K. Sudoh, M. Kumano, Y. Nakano, and K. Tada, "Wavelength trimming by photo-absorption induced disordering for multiple-wavelength distributed-feedback laser arrays,"IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., to be published.