Investigation of conducting polymer electrodes by impedance spectroscopy during electropolymerization under galvanostatic conditions

Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry

Volumn 425, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 209-216

  Popkirov, G S ^a   Barsoukov, E ^a   Schindler, R N ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF KIEL   (Germany)

Author keywords

Conducting polymers; Galvanostatic control; Impedance spectroscopy; Polybithiophene; Polymerization

Indexed keywords

CONDUCTIVE PLASTICS; CURRENT DENSITY; CURVE FITTING; DEPOSITION; DIFFUSION IN SOLIDS; ELECTRIC CONDUCTIVITY OF SOLIDS; ELECTRIC IMPEDANCE; ELECTROPOLYMERIZATION; IONIC CONDUCTION IN SOLIDS; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; PLASTIC FILMS; SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS;

GALVANOSTATIC CONTROL; POLYTHIOPHENES;

ELECTROCHEMICAL ELECTRODES;

EID: 0031102326     PISSN: 15726657     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0022-0728(96)04965-0     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. J. Heinze, Electronic conducting polymers, in Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 152, Springer, Berlin, 1990.
2. O.P. Evans, The electrochemistry of conducting polymers, in H. Gerischer and C.W. Tobias (Eds.), Advances in Electrochemical Science and Engineering, VCH, Weinheim, 1990.
3. J. Simonet and J. Rault-Berthelot, Progr. Solid State Chem., 21 (1991) 1.
4. F. Beck and M. Oberst, Makromol. Chem., Makromol. Symp., 8 (1987) 97.
5. A. Rudge, J. Raistrick, S. Gottesfeld and P. Ferraris, Electrochim. Acta, 39 (1994) 273.
6. M. Mastragostino, C. Arbizzani, A. Bongini, G. Barbarella and M. Zambianchi, Electrochim. Acta, 38 (1993) 135.
7. A.R. Hillman and E.F. Mallen, J. Electroanal. Chem., 220 (1987) 351.
8. A.R. Hillman and M.J. Swann, Electrochim. Acta, 33 (1988) 1303.
9. F. Li and W.J. Albery, Electrochim. Acta, 37 (1992) 393.
10. J. Heinze, K. Hinkelmann, M. Dietrich and J. Mortensen, Dechem. Monograph., 102 (1986) 209.
11. P. Tschuncky and J. Heinze, Synth. Met., 55 (1993) 1603.
12. G. Koßmehl, D. Fechler, W. Plieth, W.-F. Zhang and J. Zerbino, Dechem. Monograph., 121 (1990) 279.
13. A. Hamnett and A.R. Hillman, J. Electrochem. Soc., 135 (1988) 2517.
14. F. Chao, M. Costa and C. Tian, Synth. Met., 53 (1993) 127.
15. G. Tourillon and F. Gamier, J. Phys. Chem., 87 (1983) 2289.
16. J. Kankare and E.-L. Kupila, J. Electroanal. Chem., 322 (1992) 167.
17. G. Schiavon, S. Sitran and G. Zotti, Synth. Met., 32 (1989) 209.
18. R. Bilger and J. Heinze, Synth. Met., 43 (1991) 2893.
19. C.K. Baker and J.R. Reynolds, Am. Chem. Soc., Polym. Chem., 28 (1987) 284.
20. G.S. Popkirov and R.N. Schindler, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem., 97 (1993) 479.
21. J. Roncali, F. Gamier, M. Lemaire and R. Garreau, Synth. Met., 15 (1986) 323.
22. J. Roncali, M. Lemaire, R. Garreau and F. Gamier, Synth. Met., 18 (1987) 139.
23. B. Zinger, Y. Greenwald and I. Rubinstein, Synth. Met., 41 (1991) 583.
24. F. Sundholm, G. Sundholm and M. Törrönen, Synth. Met., 53 (1993) 109.
25. C. Ho, I.D. Raistrick and R.A. Huggins, J. Electrochem. Soc., 127 (1980) 343.
26. G. Paasch, K. Micka and P. Gersdorf, Electrochim. Acta, 38 (1993) 2653.
27. G.S. Popkirov and R.N. Schindler, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 63 (1992) 5366.
28. G.S. Popkirov and R.N. Schindler, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 64 (1993) 3111.
29. G.S. Popkirov and R.N. Schindler, Electrochim. Acta, 40 (1995) 2511.
30. G.S. Popkirov and R.N. Schindler, Electrochim. Acta, 38 (1993) 861.
31. O. Genz, M.M. Lohrengel and J.W. Schultze, Electrochim. Acta, 39 (1994) 179.
32. G.S. Popkirov and E. Barsoukov, J. Electroanal. Chem., 383 (1995) 155.
33. J. Tanguy, N. Mermilliod and M. Hoclet, J. Electrochem. Soc., 134 (1987) 795.
34. T.B. Hunter, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and H.E. White, J. Electrochem. Soc., 134 (1987) 2198.
35. S. Panero, P. Prosperi, S. Passerini, B. Scrosati and D.D. Perlmutter, J. Electrochem. Soc., 136 (1989) 3729.
36. K. Naoi, K. Ueyama, T. Osaka and W.H. Smyrl, J. Electrochem. Soc., 37 (1990) 494.
37. M.M. Musiani, Electrochim. Acta, 35 (1990) 1665.
38. J.R. Macdonald (Ed.), Impedance Spectroscopy, Wiley, New York, 1987, pp. 59-60.
39. J.R. Macdonald, Electrochim. Acta, 35 (1990) 1483.
40. S. Fletcher, J. Electroanal. Chem., 337 (1992) 127.
41. J. Tanguy, J.L. Baudoin, F. Chao and M. Costa, Electrochim. Acta, 37 (1992) 417.
42. M. Salmon, A.F. Diaz, A.J. Logan, M. Krounbi and J. Bargon, Mol. Cryst., Liq. Cryst., 83 (1983) 1297.
43. G. Tourillon, in T.A. Skotheim (Ed.), Handbook of Conducting Polymers, Vol. 1, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1986, p. 293.
44. D.L. Miller and J.O'M. Bockris, J. Electrochem. Soc., 139 (1992) 967.