SCOPUS 정보 검색 플랫폼

Volumn 371, Issue 2-3, 1997, Pages 390-398

Bandgap enlargement in anodic oxide films on titanium

a DELFT UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY (Netherlands)

Author keywords

Electrochemical methods; Metal electrolyte interfaces; Oxidation; Quantum effects; Semi empirical models and model calculations; Semiconducting films; Semiconductor electrolyte interfaces; Solid liquid interfaces; Surface; Surface electronic phenomena

Indexed keywords

ANODIC OXIDATION; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; ENERGY GAP; MATHEMATICAL MODELS; MORPHOLOGY; PHASE INTERFACES; RELAXATION PROCESSES; SEMICONDUCTING FILMS; SINTERING; SULFURIC ACID; SURFACE ROUGHNESS; TITANIUM OXIDES;

BANDGAP ENLARGEMENT; BURSTEIN SHIFTS; QUANTUM SIZE EFFECTS; TOPOGRAPHY;

SURFACE PHENOMENA;

EID: 0031077092 PISSN: 00396028 EISSN: None Source Type: Journal
DOI: 10.1016/S0039-6028(96)01087-4 Document Type: Article

Times cited : (12)

References (76)

1
- 0042904081
- J.F. McAleer and L.M. Peter, Faraday Disc. Chem. Soc. 70 (1980) 67; J.F. Mc Aleer and L.M. Peter, J. Electrochem. Soc. 129 (1982) 1256.
- (1980) Faraday Disc. Chem. Soc. , vol.70 , pp. 67
- McAleer, J.F.¹ Peter, L.M.²

2
- 0042904081
- J.F. McAleer and L.M. Peter, Faraday Disc. Chem. Soc. 70 (1980) 67; J.F. Mc Aleer and L.M. Peter, J. Electrochem. Soc. 129 (1982) 1256.
- (1982) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.129 , pp. 1256
- Mc Aleer, J.F.¹ Peter, L.M.²

3
- 0020117304
- J.W. Schultze, U. Stimming and J. Weise, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 86 (1982) 276; U. Stimming, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 415; K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561; S. Preusser, U. Stimming and S. Tokunaga, J. Electrochem, Soc. 142 (1995) 102.
- (1982) Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. , vol.86 , pp. 276
- Schultze, J.W.¹ Stimming, U.² Weise, J.³

4
- 0022700572
- J.W. Schultze, U. Stimming and J. Weise, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 86 (1982) 276; U. Stimming, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 415; K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561; S. Preusser, U. Stimming and S. Tokunaga, J. Electrochem, Soc. 142 (1995) 102.
- (1986) Electrochim. Acta , vol.31 , pp. 415
- Stimming, U.¹

5
- 0022766395
- J.W. Schultze, U. Stimming and J. Weise, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 86 (1982) 276; U. Stimming, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 415; K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561; S. Preusser, U. Stimming and S. Tokunaga, J. Electrochem, Soc. 142 (1995) 102.
- (1986) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.133 , pp. 1561
- Leitner, K.¹ Schultze, J.W.² Stimming, U.³

6
- 0029205958
- J.W. Schultze, U. Stimming and J. Weise, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 86 (1982) 276; U. Stimming, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 415; K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561; S. Preusser, U. Stimming and S. Tokunaga, J. Electrochem, Soc. 142 (1995) 102.
- (1995) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.142 , pp. 102
- Preusser, S.¹ Stimming, U.² Tokunaga, S.³

7
- 0023166988
- T.D. Burleigh and R.M. Latanision, J. Electrochem. Soc. 134 (1987) 135; T.D. Burleigh, Corrosion 45 (1989) 464.
- (1987) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.134 , pp. 135
- Burleigh, T.D.¹ Latanision, R.M.²

8
- 0024586020
- T.D. Burleigh and R.M. Latanision, J. Electrochem. Soc. 134 (1987) 135; T.D. Burleigh, Corrosion 45 (1989) 464.
- (1989) Corrosion , vol.45 , pp. 464
- Burleigh, T.D.¹

9
- 0004687388
- P.S. Tyler, M.R. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, J. Electroanal. Chem. 237 (1987) 295; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505; J. Electrochem. Soc. 136 (1989) 442; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, Lj. Atanasoska and R. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Corrosion 46 (1990) 505; J.W. Halley, M. Kozlowski, M. Michalewicz, W. Smyrl and N. Tit, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 397; C.S. McMillan and W.H. Smyrl, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) L5; C.S. McMillan, J.P.H. Sukamto and W.H. Smyrl, Faraday Disc. 94 (1992) 63; J.P.H. Sukamto, W.H. Smyrl, C.S. McMillan and M. Kozlowski, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 1033.
- (1987) J. Electroanal. Chem. , vol.237 , pp. 295
- Tyler, P.S.¹ Kozlowski, M.R.² Smyrl, W.H.³ Atanasoski, R.T.⁴

10
- 0000757804
- P.S. Tyler, M.R. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, J. Electroanal. Chem. 237 (1987) 295; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505; J. Electrochem. Soc. 136 (1989) 442; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, Lj. Atanasoska and R. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Corrosion 46 (1990) 505; J.W. Halley, M. Kozlowski, M. Michalewicz, W. Smyrl and N. Tit, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 397; C.S. McMillan and W.H. Smyrl, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) L5; C.S. McMillan, J.P.H. Sukamto and W.H. Smyrl, Faraday Disc. 94 (1992) 63; J.P.H. Sukamto, W.H. Smyrl, C.S. McMillan and M. Kozlowski, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 1033.
- (1988) Surf. Sci. , vol.194 , pp. 505
- Kozlowski, M.R.¹ Tyler, P.S.² Smyrl, W.H.³ Atanasoski, R.T.⁴

11
- 0024607018
- P.S. Tyler, M.R. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, J. Electroanal. Chem. 237 (1987) 295; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505; J. Electrochem. Soc. 136 (1989) 442; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, Lj. Atanasoska and R. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Corrosion 46 (1990) 505; J.W. Halley, M. Kozlowski, M. Michalewicz, W. Smyrl and N. Tit, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 397; C.S. McMillan and W.H. Smyrl, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) L5; C.S. McMillan, J.P.H. Sukamto and W.H. Smyrl, Faraday Disc. 94 (1992) 63; J.P.H. Sukamto, W.H. Smyrl, C.S. McMillan and M. Kozlowski, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 1033.
- (1989) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.136 , pp. 442

12
- 0001108581
- P.S. Tyler, M.R. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, J. Electroanal. Chem. 237 (1987) 295; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505; J. Electrochem. Soc. 136 (1989) 442; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, Lj. Atanasoska and R. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Corrosion 46 (1990) 505; J.W. Halley, M. Kozlowski, M. Michalewicz, W. Smyrl and N. Tit, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 397; C.S. McMillan and W.H. Smyrl, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) L5; C.S. McMillan, J.P.H. Sukamto and W.H. Smyrl, Faraday Disc. 94 (1992) 63; J.P.H. Sukamto, W.H. Smyrl, C.S. McMillan and M. Kozlowski, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 1033.
- (1989) Electrochim. Acta , vol.34 , pp. 1763
- Kozlowski, M.¹ Smyrl, W.H.² Atanasoska, L.³ Atanasoski, R.⁴

13
- 0025446765
- P.S. Tyler, M.R. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, J. Electroanal. Chem. 237 (1987) 295; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505; J. Electrochem. Soc. 136 (1989) 442; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, Lj. Atanasoska and R. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Corrosion 46 (1990) 505; J.W. Halley, M. Kozlowski, M. Michalewicz, W. Smyrl and N. Tit, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 397; C.S. McMillan and W.H. Smyrl, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) L5; C.S. McMillan, J.P.H. Sukamto and W.H. Smyrl, Faraday Disc. 94 (1992) 63; J.P.H. Sukamto, W.H. Smyrl, C.S. McMillan and M. Kozlowski, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 1033.
- (1990) Corrosion , vol.46 , pp. 505
- Kozlowski, M.R.¹ Tyler, P.S.² Smyrl, W.H.³ Atanasoski, R.T.⁴

14
- 0026240455
- P.S. Tyler, M.R. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, J. Electroanal. Chem. 237 (1987) 295; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505; J. Electrochem. Soc. 136 (1989) 442; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, Lj. Atanasoska and R. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Corrosion 46 (1990) 505; J.W. Halley, M. Kozlowski, M. Michalewicz, W. Smyrl and N. Tit, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 397; C.S. McMillan and W.H. Smyrl, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) L5; C.S. McMillan, J.P.H. Sukamto and W.H. Smyrl, Faraday Disc. 94 (1992) 63; J.P.H. Sukamto, W.H. Smyrl, C.S. McMillan and M. Kozlowski, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 1033.
- (1991) Surf. Sci. , vol.256 , pp. 397
- Halley, J.W.¹ Kozlowski, M.² Michalewicz, M.³ Smyrl, W.⁴ Tit, N.⁵

15
- 0026746964
- P.S. Tyler, M.R. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, J. Electroanal. Chem. 237 (1987) 295; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505; J. Electrochem. Soc. 136 (1989) 442; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, Lj. Atanasoska and R. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Corrosion 46 (1990) 505; J.W. Halley, M. Kozlowski, M. Michalewicz, W. Smyrl and N. Tit, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 397; C.S. McMillan and W.H. Smyrl, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) L5; C.S. McMillan, J.P.H. Sukamto and W.H. Smyrl, Faraday Disc. 94 (1992) 63; J.P.H. Sukamto, W.H. Smyrl, C.S. McMillan and M. Kozlowski, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 1033.
- (1992) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.139
- McMillan, C.S.¹ Smyrl, W.H.²

16
- 2342609259
- P.S. Tyler, M.R. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, J. Electroanal. Chem. 237 (1987) 295; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505; J. Electrochem. Soc. 136 (1989) 442; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, Lj. Atanasoska and R. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Corrosion 46 (1990) 505; J.W. Halley, M. Kozlowski, M. Michalewicz, W. Smyrl and N. Tit, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 397; C.S. McMillan and W.H. Smyrl, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) L5; C.S. McMillan, J.P.H. Sukamto and W.H. Smyrl, Faraday Disc. 94 (1992) 63; J.P.H. Sukamto, W.H. Smyrl, C.S. McMillan and M. Kozlowski, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 1033.
- (1992) Faraday Disc. , vol.94 , pp. 63
- McMillan, C.S.¹ Sukamto, J.P.H.² Smyrl, W.H.³

17
- 0026844684
- P.S. Tyler, M.R. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, J. Electroanal. Chem. 237 (1987) 295; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505; J. Electrochem. Soc. 136 (1989) 442; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, Lj. Atanasoska and R. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Corrosion 46 (1990) 505; J.W. Halley, M. Kozlowski, M. Michalewicz, W. Smyrl and N. Tit, Surf. Sci. 256 (1991) 397; C.S. McMillan and W.H. Smyrl, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) L5; C.S. McMillan, J.P.H. Sukamto and W.H. Smyrl, Faraday Disc. 94 (1992) 63; J.P.H. Sukamto, W.H. Smyrl, C.S. McMillan and M. Kozlowski, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 1033.
- (1992) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.139 , pp. 1033
- Sukamto, J.P.H.¹ Smyrl, W.H.² McMillan, C.S.³ Kozlowski, M.⁴

18
- 0001041888
- N.R. Armstrong, R.K. Quinn, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; M.A. Butler, J. Electrochem. Soc. 130 (1983) 2358; W.A. Badawy, A. Felske and W.J. Plieth, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1711; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470; E. Lee, S. Pyun, J. Appl. Electrochem. 22 (1992) 156; D. Zane, F. Decker and G. Razzini, Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 37; C. da Fonseca, S. Boudin and M. da Cunha Belo, J. Electroanal. Chem. 379 (1994) 173.
- (1977) Surf. Sci. , vol.67 , pp. 451
- Armstrong, N.R.¹ Quinn, R.K.²

19
- 0020942611
- N.R. Armstrong, R.K. Quinn, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; M.A. Butler, J. Electrochem. Soc. 130 (1983) 2358; W.A. Badawy, A. Felske and W.J. Plieth, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1711; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470; E. Lee, S. Pyun, J. Appl. Electrochem. 22 (1992) 156; D. Zane, F. Decker and G. Razzini, Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 37; C. da Fonseca, S. Boudin and M. da Cunha Belo, J. Electroanal. Chem. 379 (1994) 173.
- (1983) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.130 , pp. 2358
- Butler, M.A.¹

20
- 0024912870
- N.R. Armstrong, R.K. Quinn, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; M.A. Butler, J. Electrochem. Soc. 130 (1983) 2358; W.A. Badawy, A. Felske and W.J. Plieth, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1711; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470; E. Lee, S. Pyun, J. Appl. Electrochem. 22 (1992) 156; D. Zane, F. Decker and G. Razzini, Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 37; C. da Fonseca, S. Boudin and M. da Cunha Belo, J. Electroanal. Chem. 379 (1994) 173.
- (1989) Electrochim. Acta , vol.34 , pp. 1711
- Badawy, W.A.¹ Felske, A.² Plieth, W.J.³

21
- 0026961643
- N.R. Armstrong, R.K. Quinn, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; M.A. Butler, J. Electrochem. Soc. 130 (1983) 2358; W.A. Badawy, A. Felske and W.J. Plieth, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1711; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470; E. Lee, S. Pyun, J. Appl. Electrochem. 22 (1992) 156; D. Zane, F. Decker and G. Razzini, Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 37; C. da Fonseca, S. Boudin and M. da Cunha Belo, J. Electroanal. Chem. 379 (1994) 173.
- (1992) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.139 , pp. 3470
- Mikula, M.¹ Blecha, J.² Ceppan, M.³

22
- 0026817839
- N.R. Armstrong, R.K. Quinn, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; M.A. Butler, J. Electrochem. Soc. 130 (1983) 2358; W.A. Badawy, A. Felske and W.J. Plieth, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1711; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470; E. Lee, S. Pyun, J. Appl. Electrochem. 22 (1992) 156; D. Zane, F. Decker and G. Razzini, Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 37; C. da Fonseca, S. Boudin and M. da Cunha Belo, J. Electroanal. Chem. 379 (1994) 173.
- (1992) J. Appl. Electrochem. , vol.22 , pp. 156
- Lee, E.¹ Pyun, S.²

23
- 0001041888
- N.R. Armstrong, R.K. Quinn, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; M.A. Butler, J. Electrochem. Soc. 130 (1983) 2358; W.A. Badawy, A. Felske and W.J. Plieth, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1711; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470; E. Lee, S. Pyun, J. Appl. Electrochem. 22 (1992) 156; D. Zane, F. Decker and G. Razzini, Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 37; C. da Fonseca, S. Boudin and M. da Cunha Belo, J. Electroanal. Chem. 379 (1994) 173.
- (1993) Electrochim. Acta , vol.38
- Zane, D.¹ Decker, F.² Razzini, G.³

24
- 0000968342
- N.R. Armstrong, R.K. Quinn, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; M.A. Butler, J. Electrochem. Soc. 130 (1983) 2358; W.A. Badawy, A. Felske and W.J. Plieth, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1711; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470; E. Lee, S. Pyun, J. Appl. Electrochem. 22 (1992) 156; D. Zane, F. Decker and G. Razzini, Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 37; C. da Fonseca, S. Boudin and M. da Cunha Belo, J. Electroanal. Chem. 379 (1994) 173.
- (1994) J. Electroanal. Chem. , vol.379 , pp. 173
- Da Fonseca, C.¹ Boudin, S.² Da Cunha Belo, M.³

25
- 0002601930
- A. Goossens and D.D. Macdonald, J. Electroanal. Chem. 352 (1993) 65; Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 1965; A. Goossens, M. Vazquez and D.D. Macdonald, Electrochim. Acta 41 (1995) 35; 47; A. Goossens and D.D. Macdonald, J. Appl. Phys. 79 (1996) 157.
- (1993) J. Electroanal. Chem. , vol.352 , pp. 65
- Goossens, A.¹ Macdonald, D.D.²

26
- 0027678589
- A. Goossens and D.D. Macdonald, J. Electroanal. Chem. 352 (1993) 65; Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 1965; A. Goossens, M. Vazquez and D.D. Macdonald, Electrochim. Acta 41 (1995) 35; 47; A. Goossens and D.D. Macdonald, J. Appl. Phys. 79 (1996) 157.
- (1993) Electrochim. Acta , vol.38 , pp. 1965

27
- 0002716449
- A. Goossens and D.D. Macdonald, J. Electroanal. Chem. 352 (1993) 65; Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 1965; A. Goossens, M. Vazquez and D.D. Macdonald, Electrochim. Acta 41 (1995) 35; 47; A. Goossens and D.D. Macdonald, J. Appl. Phys. 79 (1996) 157.
- (1995) Electrochim. Acta , vol.41 , pp. 35
- Goossens, A.¹ Vazquez, M.² Macdonald, D.D.³

28
- 0029753614
- A. Goossens and D.D. Macdonald, J. Electroanal. Chem. 352 (1993) 65; Electrochim. Acta 38 (1993) 1965; A. Goossens, M. Vazquez and D.D. Macdonald, Electrochim. Acta 41 (1995) 35; 47; A. Goossens and D.D. Macdonald, J. Appl. Phys. 79 (1996) 157.
- (1996) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.79 , pp. 157
- Goossens, A.¹ Macdonald, D.D.²

29
- 0020117304
- J.W. Schultze, U. Stimming and J. Weise, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 86 (1982) 276; U. Stimming, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 415; K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561.
- (1982) Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. , vol.86 , pp. 276
- Schultze, J.W.¹ Stimming, U.² Weise, J.³

30
- 0022700572
- J.W. Schultze, U. Stimming and J. Weise, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 86 (1982) 276; U. Stimming, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 415; K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561.
- (1986) Electrochim. Acta , vol.31 , pp. 415
- Stimming, U.¹

31
- 0022766395
- J.W. Schultze, U. Stimming and J. Weise, Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem. 86 (1982) 276; U. Stimming, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 415; K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561.
- (1986) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.133 , pp. 1561
- Leitner, K.¹ Schultze, J.W.² Stimming, U.³

32
- 0041476757
- M. Froelicher, M. Froment and A. Hugot-Le Goff, J. Phys. (Paris) 72 ( 1975) 275; G. Blondeau, M. Froelicher, M. Froment and A. Hugot-Le Goff, Thin Solid Films 42 (1977) 147; N.R. Armstrong and R.K. Quin, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; C.K. Dyer and J.S.L. Leach, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 (1978) 1032.
- (1975) J. Phys. (Paris) , vol.72 , pp. 275
- Froelicher, M.¹ Froment, M.² Hugot-Le Goff, A.³

33
- 0001612638
- M. Froelicher, M. Froment and A. Hugot-Le Goff, J. Phys. (Paris) 72 ( 1975) 275; G. Blondeau, M. Froelicher, M. Froment and A. Hugot-Le Goff, Thin Solid Films 42 (1977) 147; N.R. Armstrong and R.K. Quin, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; C.K. Dyer and J.S.L. Leach, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 (1978) 1032.
- (1977) Thin Solid Films , vol.42 , pp. 147
- Blondeau, G.¹ Froelicher, M.² Froment, M.³ Hugot- Le Goff, A.⁴

34
- 0001041888
- M. Froelicher, M. Froment and A. Hugot-Le Goff, J. Phys. (Paris) 72 ( 1975) 275; G. Blondeau, M. Froelicher, M. Froment and A. Hugot-Le Goff, Thin Solid Films 42 (1977) 147; N.R. Armstrong and R.K. Quin, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; C.K. Dyer and J.S.L. Leach, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 (1978) 1032.
- (1977) Surf. Sci. , vol.67 , pp. 451
- Armstrong, N.R.¹ Quin, R.K.²

35
- 0017994693
- M. Froelicher, M. Froment and A. Hugot-Le Goff, J. Phys. (Paris) 72 ( 1975) 275; G. Blondeau, M. Froelicher, M. Froment and A. Hugot-Le Goff, Thin Solid Films 42 (1977) 147; N.R. Armstrong and R.K. Quin, Surf. Sci. 67 (1977) 451; C.K. Dyer and J.S.L. Leach, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 (1978) 1032.
- (1978) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.125 , pp. 1032
- Dyer, C.K.¹ Leach, J.S.L.²

36
- 11644280620
- L.E. Brus, J. Chem. Phys. 79 (1983) 5566; J. Phys. Chem. 90 (1986) 2555; M.L. Steigerwald and L.E. Brus, Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 19 (1989) 471; Y. Wang and N. Herren, J. Phys. Chem. 95 (1991) 525.
- (1983) J. Chem. Phys. , vol.79 , pp. 5566
- Brus, L.E.¹

37
- 0042758371
- L.E. Brus, J. Chem. Phys. 79 (1983) 5566; J. Phys. Chem. 90 (1986) 2555; M.L. Steigerwald and L.E. Brus, Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 19 (1989) 471; Y. Wang and N. Herren, J. Phys. Chem. 95 (1991) 525.
- (1986) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.90 , pp. 2555

38
- 11644280620
- L.E. Brus, J. Chem. Phys. 79 (1983) 5566; J. Phys. Chem. 90 (1986) 2555; M.L. Steigerwald and L.E. Brus, Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 19 (1989) 471; Y. Wang and N. Herren, J. Phys. Chem. 95 (1991) 525.
- (1989) Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. , vol.19 , pp. 471
- Steigerwald, M.L.¹ Brus, L.E.²

39
- 33751499303
- L.E. Brus, J. Chem. Phys. 79 (1983) 5566; J. Phys. Chem. 90 (1986) 2555; M.L. Steigerwald and L.E. Brus, Ann. Rev. Mater. Sci. 19 (1989) 471; Y. Wang and N. Herren, J. Phys. Chem. 95 (1991) 525.
- (1991) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.95 , pp. 525
- Wang, Y.¹ Herron, N.²

40
- 33646202250
- E. Burstein, Phys. Rev. 93 (1954) 632.
- (1954) Phys. Rev. , vol.93 , pp. 632
- Burstein, E.¹

41
- 0004202605
- New York
- Y.Y. Gurevich, Y.V. Pleskov and Z.A. Rotenberg, Photoelectrochemistry (New York, 1980); R. Williams, in: Semiconductors and Semimetals, Vol. 6, Eds. R.K. Willardson and A.C. Beer (Academic Press, New York, 1970); J.S. Helman and F. Sánchez-Sinencio, Phys. Rev. B 7 (1973) 3702; B. Fuerbacher, B. Fitton and R.F. Willis, Eds. Photoemission and Electronic Properties of Surfaces (Wiley, Chichester, 1978); L.M. Castillo and L.M. Peter, J. Electroanal. Chem. 146 (1983) 377.
- (1980) Photoelectrochemistry
- Gurevich, Y.Y.¹ Pleskov, Y.V.² Rotenberg, Z.A.³

42
- 0003957809
- Eds. R.K. Willardson and A.C. Beer Academic Press, New York
- Y.Y. Gurevich, Y.V. Pleskov and Z.A. Rotenberg, Photoelectrochemistry (New York, 1980); R. Williams, in: Semiconductors and Semimetals, Vol. 6, Eds. R.K. Willardson and A.C. Beer (Academic Press, New York, 1970); J.S. Helman and F. Sánchez-Sinencio, Phys. Rev. B 7 (1973) 3702; B. Fuerbacher, B. Fitton and R.F. Willis, Eds. Photoemission and Electronic Properties of Surfaces (Wiley, Chichester, 1978); L.M. Castillo and L.M. Peter, J. Electroanal. Chem. 146 (1983) 377.
- (1970) Semiconductors and Semimetals , vol.6
- Williams, R.¹

43
- 0004213174
- Y.Y. Gurevich, Y.V. Pleskov and Z.A. Rotenberg, Photoelectrochemistry (New York, 1980); R. Williams, in: Semiconductors and Semimetals, Vol. 6, Eds. R.K. Willardson and A.C. Beer (Academic Press, New York, 1970); J.S. Helman and F. Sánchez-Sinencio, Phys. Rev. B 7 (1973) 3702; B. Fuerbacher, B. Fitton and R.F. Willis, Eds. Photoemission and Electronic Properties of Surfaces (Wiley, Chichester, 1978); L.M. Castillo and L.M. Peter, J. Electroanal. Chem. 146 (1983) 377.
- (1973) Phys. Rev. B , vol.7 , pp. 3702
- Helman, J.S.¹ Sánchez-Sinencio, F.²

44
- 0004222424
- Wiley, Chichester
- Y.Y. Gurevich, Y.V. Pleskov and Z.A. Rotenberg, Photoelectrochemistry (New York, 1980); R. Williams, in: Semiconductors and Semimetals, Vol. 6, Eds. R.K. Willardson and A.C. Beer (Academic Press, New York, 1970); J.S. Helman and F. Sánchez-Sinencio, Phys. Rev. B 7 (1973) 3702; B. Fuerbacher, B. Fitton and R.F. Willis, Eds. Photoemission and Electronic Properties of Surfaces (Wiley, Chichester, 1978); L.M. Castillo and L.M. Peter, J. Electroanal. Chem. 146 (1983) 377.
- (1978) Photoemission and Electronic Properties of Surfaces
- Fuerbacher, B.¹ Fitton, B.² Willis, R.F.³

45
- 0020747483
- Y.Y. Gurevich, Y.V. Pleskov and Z.A. Rotenberg, Photoelectrochemistry (New York, 1980); R. Williams, in: Semiconductors and Semimetals, Vol. 6, Eds. R.K. Willardson and A.C. Beer (Academic Press, New York, 1970); J.S. Helman and F. Sánchez-Sinencio, Phys. Rev. B 7 (1973) 3702; B. Fuerbacher, B. Fitton and R.F. Willis, Eds. Photoemission and Electronic Properties of Surfaces (Wiley, Chichester, 1978); L.M. Castillo and L.M. Peter, J. Electroanal. Chem. 146 (1983) 377.
- (1983) J. Electroanal. Chem. , vol.146 , pp. 377
- Castillo, L.M.¹ Peter, L.M.²

46
- 0002806345
- W.W. Gärtner, Phys. Rev. 116 (1959) 84; M.A. Butler, J. Appl. Phys. 48 (1977) 1914.
- (1959) Phys. Rev. , vol.116 , pp. 84
- Gärtner, W.W.¹

47
- 0017493166
- W.W. Gärtner, Phys. Rev. 116 (1959) 84; M.A. Butler, J. Appl. Phys. 48 (1977) 1914.
- (1977) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.48 , pp. 1914
- Butler, M.A.¹

48
- 0017543589
- R.H. Wilson, J. Appl. Phys. 48 (1977) 4292; J. Reichman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 36 (1980) 574; G. Popkirov and R.N. Schindler, Sol. Energy Mat. 13 (1986) 161; D. Mao, K.J. Kim and A.J. Frank, J. Electrochem. Soc. 142 (1995) 1869.
- (1977) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.48 , pp. 4292
- Wilson, R.H.¹

49
- 0001581185
- R.H. Wilson, J. Appl. Phys. 48 (1977) 4292; J. Reichman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 36 (1980) 574; G. Popkirov and R.N. Schindler, Sol. Energy Mat. 13 (1986) 161; D. Mao, K.J. Kim and A.J. Frank, J. Electrochem. Soc. 142 (1995) 1869.
- (1980) Appl. Phys. Lett. , vol.36 , pp. 574
- Reichman, J.¹

50
- 0022696427
- R.H. Wilson, J. Appl. Phys. 48 (1977) 4292; J. Reichman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 36 (1980) 574; G. Popkirov and R.N. Schindler, Sol. Energy Mat. 13 (1986) 161; D. Mao, K.J. Kim and A.J. Frank, J. Electrochem. Soc. 142 (1995) 1869.
- (1986) Sol. Energy Mat. , vol.13 , pp. 161
- Popkirov, G.¹ Schindler, R.N.²

51
- 0029324883
- R.H. Wilson, J. Appl. Phys. 48 (1977) 4292; J. Reichman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 36 (1980) 574; G. Popkirov and R.N. Schindler, Sol. Energy Mat. 13 (1986) 161; D. Mao, K.J. Kim and A.J. Frank, J. Electrochem. Soc. 142 (1995) 1869.
- (1995) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.142 , pp. 1869
- Mao, D.¹ Kim, K.J.² Frank, A.J.³

52
- 0017994693
- C.K. Dyer and J.S.L. Leach, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 (1978) 1032; T. Hurlen and W. Wilhelmsen, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 1139; W. Wilhelmsen and T. Hurlen, Electrochim. Acta 32 (1987) 85; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, L.J. Atanasoska and R.T. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505.
- (1978) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.125 , pp. 1032
- Dyer, C.K.¹ Leach, J.S.L.²

53
- 0001694621
- C.K. Dyer and J.S.L. Leach, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 (1978) 1032; T. Hurlen and W. Wilhelmsen, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 1139; W. Wilhelmsen and T. Hurlen, Electrochim. Acta 32 (1987) 85; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, L.J. Atanasoska and R.T. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505.
- (1986) Electrochim. Acta , vol.31 , pp. 1139
- Hurlen, T.¹ Wilhelmsen, W.²

54
- 0023119575
- C.K. Dyer and J.S.L. Leach, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 (1978) 1032; T. Hurlen and W. Wilhelmsen, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 1139; W. Wilhelmsen and T. Hurlen, Electrochim. Acta 32 (1987) 85; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, L.J. Atanasoska and R.T. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505.
- (1987) Electrochim. Acta , vol.32 , pp. 85
- Wilhelmsen, W.¹ Hurlen, T.²

55
- 0001108581
- C.K. Dyer and J.S.L. Leach, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 (1978) 1032; T. Hurlen and W. Wilhelmsen, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 1139; W. Wilhelmsen and T. Hurlen, Electrochim. Acta 32 (1987) 85; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, L.J. Atanasoska and R.T. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505.
- (1989) Electrochim. Acta , vol.34 , pp. 1763
- Kozlowski, M.¹ Smyrl, W.H.² Atanasoska, L.J.³ Atanasoski, R.T.⁴

56
- 0000757804
- C.K. Dyer and J.S.L. Leach, J. Electrochem. Soc. 125 (1978) 1032; T. Hurlen and W. Wilhelmsen, Electrochim. Acta 31 (1986) 1139; W. Wilhelmsen and T. Hurlen, Electrochim. Acta 32 (1987) 85; M. Kozlowski, W.H. Smyrl, L.J. Atanasoska and R.T. Atanasoski, Electrochim. Acta 34 (1989) 1763; M.R. Kozlowski, P.S. Tyler, W.H. Smyrl and R.T. Atanasoski, Surf. Sci. 194 (1988) 505.
- (1988) Surf. Sci. , vol.194 , pp. 505
- Kozlowski, M.R.¹ Tyler, P.S.² Smyrl, W.H.³ Atanasoski, R.T.⁴

57
- 0003688157
- Plenum, New York
- S.R. Morrison, Electrochemistry at Semiconductor and Oxidized Metal Electrodes (Plenum, New York, 1980); K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561; S. Preusser, U. Stimming and S. Tokunaga, J. Electrochem. Soc. 142 (1995) 102; J.F. McAleer and L. Peter, Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc. 70 (1980) 67; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470.
- (1980) Electrochemistry at Semiconductor and Oxidized Metal Electrodes
- Morrison, S.R.¹

58
- 0022766395
- S.R. Morrison, Electrochemistry at Semiconductor and Oxidized Metal Electrodes (Plenum, New York, 1980); K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561; S. Preusser, U. Stimming and S. Tokunaga, J. Electrochem. Soc. 142 (1995) 102; J.F. McAleer and L. Peter, Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc. 70 (1980) 67; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470.
- (1986) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.133 , pp. 1561
- Leitner, K.¹ Schultze, J.W.² Stimming, U.³

59
- 0029205958
- S.R. Morrison, Electrochemistry at Semiconductor and Oxidized Metal Electrodes (Plenum, New York, 1980); K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561; S. Preusser, U. Stimming and S. Tokunaga, J. Electrochem. Soc. 142 (1995) 102; J.F. McAleer and L. Peter, Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc. 70 (1980) 67; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470.
- (1995) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.142 , pp. 102
- Preusser, S.¹ Stimming, U.² Tokunaga, S.³

60
- 0042904081
- S.R. Morrison, Electrochemistry at Semiconductor and Oxidized Metal Electrodes (Plenum, New York, 1980); K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561; S. Preusser, U. Stimming and S. Tokunaga, J. Electrochem. Soc. 142 (1995) 102; J.F. McAleer and L. Peter, Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc. 70 (1980) 67; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470.
- (1980) Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc. , vol.70 , pp. 67
- McAleer, J.F.¹ Peter, L.²

61
- 0026961643
- S.R. Morrison, Electrochemistry at Semiconductor and Oxidized Metal Electrodes (Plenum, New York, 1980); K. Leitner, J.W. Schultze and U. Stimming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 133 (1986) 1561; S. Preusser, U. Stimming and S. Tokunaga, J. Electrochem. Soc. 142 (1995) 102; J.F. McAleer and L. Peter, Faraday Discuss. Chem. Soc. 70 (1980) 67; M. Mikula, J. Blecha and M. Ceppan, J. Electrochem. Soc. 139 (1992) 3470.
- (1992) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.139 , pp. 3470
- Mikula, M.¹ Blecha, J.² Ceppan, M.³

62
- 0026861743
- D.G. Wiesler, M.F. Toney, M.G. Samant, O.R. Melroy, C.S. McMillan and W.H. Smyrl, Surf. Sci. 268 (1992) 57.
- (1992) Surf. Sci. , vol.268 , pp. 57
- Wiesler, D.G.¹ Toney, M.F.² Samant, M.G.³ Melroy, O.R.⁴ McMillan, C.S.⁵ Smyrl, W.H.⁶

63
- 0017549184
- A.K. Ghosh and H.P. Maruska, J. Electrochem. Soc. 124 (1977) 1516; P. Salvador, Solar Energy Mat. 2 (1980) 413; J. Appl. Phys. 55 (1984) 2977.
- (1977) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.124 , pp. 1516
- Ghosh, A.K.¹ Maruska, H.P.²

64
- 0019043186
- A.K. Ghosh and H.P. Maruska, J. Electrochem. Soc. 124 (1977) 1516; P. Salvador, Solar Energy Mat. 2 (1980) 413; J. Appl. Phys. 55 (1984) 2977.
- (1980) Solar Energy Mat. , vol.2 , pp. 413
- Salvador, P.¹

65
- 0021405634
- A.K. Ghosh and H.P. Maruska, J. Electrochem. Soc. 124 (1977) 1516; P. Salvador, Solar Energy Mat. 2 (1980) 413; J. Appl. Phys. 55 (1984) 2977.
- (1984) J. Appl. Phys. , vol.55 , pp. 2977

66
- 0004101981
- Butterworth, London
- T.S. Moss, G.J. Burrell and B. Ellis, Semiconductor Opto-Electronics (Butterworth, London, 1973).
- (1973) Semiconductor Opto-Electronics
- Moss, T.S.¹ Burrell, G.J.² Ellis, B.³

67
- 0016101446
- F. Möllers, H.J. Tolle and R. Memming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 121 (1974) 1160; A.K. Ghosh and H.P. Maruska, J. Electrochem. Soc. 124 (1977) 1516.
- (1974) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.121 , pp. 1160
- Möllers, F.¹ Tolle, H.J.² Memming, R.³

68
- 0017549184
- F. Möllers, H.J. Tolle and R. Memming, J. Electrochem. Soc. 121 (1974) 1160; A.K. Ghosh and H.P. Maruska, J. Electrochem. Soc. 124 (1977) 1516.
- (1977) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.124 , pp. 1516
- Ghosh, A.K.¹ Maruska, H.P.²

69
- 0024281867
- C. Kormann, D.W. Bahnemann and M.R. Hoffmann, J. Phys. Chem. 92 (1988) 5196.
- (1988) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.92 , pp. 5196
- Kormann, C.¹ Bahnemann, D.W.² Hoffmann, M.R.³

70
- 0001304076
- L. Kavan, T. Stoto, M. Grätzel, D. Fitzmaurice and V. Shklover, J. Phys. Chem. 97 (1993) 9493.
- (1993) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.97 , pp. 9493
- Kavan, L.¹ Stoto, T.² Grätzel, M.³ Fitzmaurice, D.⁴ Shklover, V.⁵

71
- 33845281151
- M. Anpo, T. Shima, S. Kodama and Y. Kubokawa, J. Phys. Chem. 91 (1987) 4305.
- (1987) J. Phys. Chem. , vol.91 , pp. 4305
- Anpo, M.¹ Shima, T.² Kodama, S.³ Kubokawa, Y.⁴

72
- 0003922314
- Transition metal oxides
- National Bureau of Standards
- C.N.R. Rao and G.V. Subba Rao, Transition Metal Oxides, Nat. Stand. Ref. Data. Ser., National Bureau of Standards 49 (1974).
- (1974) Nat. Stand. Ref. Data. Ser. , vol.49
- Rao, C.N.R.¹ Subba Rao, G.V.²

73
- 0003470014
- Holt-Saunders
- N.W. Ashcroft and N.D. Mermin, Solid State Physics (Holt-Saunders, 1976).
- (1976) Solid State Physics
- Ashcroft, N.W.¹ Mermin, N.D.²

74
- 0016971831
- L.A. Harris and R.H. Wilson, J. Electrochem. Soc. 123 (1976) 1010; M.A. Butler, J. Electrochem. Soe. 126 (1979) 3381.
- (1976) J. Electrochem. Soc. , vol.123 , pp. 1010
- Harris, L.A.¹ Wilson, R.H.²

75
- 0016971831
- L.A. Harris and R.H. Wilson, J. Electrochem. Soc. 123 (1976) 1010; M.A. Butler, J. Electrochem. Soe. 126 (1979) 3381.
- (1979) J. Electrochem. Soe. , vol.126 , pp. 3381
- Butler, M.A.¹

76
- 0000968342
- C. da Fonseca, S. Boudin and M da Cunha Belo, J. Electroanal. Chem. 379 (1994) 173.
- (1994) J. Electroanal. Chem. , vol.379 , pp. 173
- Da Fonseca, C.¹ Boudin, S.² Da Cunha Belo, M.³

* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.