High-resolution x-ray imaging of extended lasing plasmas

Applied Optics

Volumn 36, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 831-840

  Forster E ^a   Hutcheon, R J ^a   Renner, O ^b   Uschmann, I ^a   Vollbrecht, M ^a   Nantel, M ^c,d   Klisnick, A ^c   Jaegle P ^c  

^a FRIEDRICH SCHILLER UNIVERSITY JENA   (Germany)

^b INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS   (Czech Republic)

^c UNIVERSITÉ PARIS SACLAY   (France)

^d UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN   (United States)

Author keywords

X ray imaging; X ray lasers; X ray optics

Indexed keywords

ALUMINUM; CALCULATIONS; CRYSTALS; FOCUSING; OPTICAL RESOLVING POWER; OPTICAL TESTING; PLASMA DEVICES; STREAK CAMERAS; X RAY LASERS; X RAYS;

AMPLIFIED SPONTANEOUS EMISSION; IMAGE DISTORTIONS; PLASMA COLUMNS; RAY TRACING; ROWLAND CIRCLE; SPECTRAL RESOLUTION; X RAY IMAGING; X RAY OPTICS;

IMAGING SYSTEMS;

EID: 0031075462     PISSN: 1559128X     EISSN: 21553165     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1364/AO.36.000831     Document Type: Article

References (32)

1. E. Förster, K. Gäbel, and I. Uschmann, “X-ray microscopy of laser-produced plasmas with the use of bent crystals, ” Laser Part. Beams 9, 135-148 (1991).
2. I. Uschmann, E. Forster, H. Nishimura, K. Fujita, Y. Kato, and S. Nakai, “Temperature mapping of compressed fusion pellets obtained by monochromatic imaging, ” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 66, 734-736 (1995).
3. G. Jamelot, A. Carillon, A. Klisnick, and P. Jaegle, “Recombination scheme in lithium-like ions for XUV amplification, ” Appl. Phys. B 50, 239-246 (1990).
4. P. Zeitoun, G. Jamelot, A. Carillon, P. Goedtkindt, H. Guen-nou, P. Jaegle, A. Klisnick, C. Möller, B. Rus, and A. Sureau, “Progress towards large gainlength products on the Li-like recombination scheme, ” in X-Ray Lasers 1994, AIP Conf. Proc. 332, D. Matthews and D. Eder, eds. (American Institute of Physics, New York, 1994), pp. 55-59.
5. R. W. Lee, B. L. Whitten, and R. E. Strout, “Spectra—a model forK-shell spectroscopy, ” J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transfer 32, 91-104 (1984).
6. M. Nantel, J. C. Kieffer, B. La Fontaine, H. Pepin, G. D. Enright, D. M. Villeneuve, J. Dunn, H. A. Baldis, and O. Peyrusse, “Dynamics of Ne-like populations in the germanium x-ray laser, ” Phys. Fluids B 5, 4465-4472 (1993).
7. J. C. Kieffer, M. Chaker, H. Pepin, D. M. Villeneuve, J. E. Bernard, and H. A. Baldis, “Monochromatic x-ray imaging of a laser produced plasma, ” Appl. Opt. 28, 4333-4336 (1989).
8. M. Nantel, J. C. Kieffer, G. D. Enright, D. M. Villeneuve, J. Dunn, A. S. Wan, R. S. Walling, H. Scott, A. Osterheld, and O. Peyrusse, “Spectroscopy and gain dynamics issues in homogeneous x-ray laser plasmas, ” J. Phys. B 28, 2765-2780 (1995).
9. T. N. Lee, W. A. Molander, J. L. Ford, and R. C. Elton, “X-ray spectroscopic diagnostics of a copper plasma produced by a laser line focused onto a thin foil, ” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 57, 2052-2054 (1986).
10. R. C. Elton, T. N. Lee, and W. A. Molander, “X-ray laser experiments using laser-vaporized copper foil plasmas, ” J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 4, 539-546 (1987).
11. B. La Fontaine, J. Dunn, H. A. Baldis, G. D. Enright, D. M. Villeneuve, J. C. Kieffer, M. Nantel, and H. Pepin, “Electron-temperature inhomogeneities along an x-ray laser plasma, ” Phys. Rev. E 47, 583-590 (1993).
12. Z.-Z. Xu, S.-S. Chen, L.-H. Ling, Z.-M. Jiang, W.-Q. Zhang, and A.-D. Qian, “Characteristics and evolution of plasma-jet-like structures in line focused laser-produced plasmas, ” Phys. Rev. A 39, 808-815 (1989).
13. J. C. Kieffer, M. Chaker, H. Pepin, M. Nantel, H. A. Baldis, J. Dunn, G. D. Enright, and D. M. Villeneuve, “Effects of irradiation nonuniformity on x-ray laser physics, ” Opt. Commun. 84, 208-213 (1991).
14. O. Renner and M. Kopecky, “Theoretical analysis of doublecrystal spectrograph for high-resolution spectroscopy of lasergenerated x-rays, ” Laser Part. Beams 10, 841-847 (1992).
15. M. Dirksmöller, O. Rancu, I. Uschmann, P. Renaudin, C. Chenais-Popovics, J.-C. Gauthier, and E. Förster, “Time resolved x-ray monochromatic imaging of a laser-produced plasma at 0.6635 nm wavelength, ” Opt. Commun. 118, 379-387 (1995).
16. P. Zeitoun, “Etude experimentale et modelisation de lasers X-UV a grand facteur de gain autour de 100Ä, ” Ph.D. thesis (University de Paris-Sud, Orsay, France, 1994).
17. H. He, J. S. Wark, E. Förster, I. Uschmann, O. Renner, M. Kopecky, and W. Blyth, “Double-crystal high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy of laser-produced plasmas, ” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 64, 26-30 (1993).
18. B. S. Fraenkel, “Monochromatic x-ray images of x-ray emitting sources, ” Appl. Phys. Lett. 36, 341-343 (1980).
19. V. A. Boiko, A. V. Vinogradov, S. A. Pikuz, I. Yu. Skobelev, and A. Ya. Faenov, “X-ray spectroscopy of laser produced plasmas, ” J. Sov. Laser Res. 6, 85-290 (1985)
20. H. H. Johann, “Die Erzeugung lichtstarker Röntgenspektren mit Hilfe von Konkavkristallen, ” Z. Phys. 69, 185-206 (1931).
21. M. A. Blokhin, Methods of X-Ray Spectroscopic Research (Pergamon, New York, 1965), Chap. 4, pp. 169-175.
22. T. Johansson, “Uber ein neuartiges, genau fokussierendes Röntgenspektrometer, ” Z. Phys. 82, 507-528 (1933)
23. M. A. Blokhin, Methods of X-Ray Spectroscopic Research, pp. 175-178.
24. S. Takagi, “Dynamical theory of diffraction applicable to crystals with any kind of small distortion, ” Acta Crystallogr. 15, 1311-1315 (1962).
25. D. Taupin, “Theorie dynamique de la diffraction des rayons X par les cristaux deformes, ” Ph.D. thesis (University de Paris, Paris, 1964).
26. A. V. Rode, A. M. Maksimchuk, G. V. Sklizkov, A. Ridgeley, C. Danson, N. Rizvi, R. Bann, E. Förster, and I. Uschmann, “Intensity measurements of a quasimonochromatic x-ray beam formed by a spherically bent crystal, ” Opt. Commun. 77, 163-166 (1990).
27. B. Rus, P. Zeitoun, A. Carillon, B. Gauthe, P. Jaegle, G. Jamelot, A. Klisnick, J. C. Lagron, and C. Vinsot, “A new versatile X-ray laser facility in Palaiseau, ” in X-Ray Lasers 1992, IOP Conf. Ser. 125, E. E. Fill, ed. (Institute of Physics Publishing, Philadelphia, Pa., 1992), pp. 361-366.
28. A. Carillon, “Dispositif de lissage de l’energie dans la ligne focale pour les experiences laser X, ” in Rapport d’Activite LULI 1993 (LULI, Palaiseau, France, 1993), pp. 305-308.
29. E. Förster, I. Uschmann, M. Dirksmöller, C. Chenais-Popovics, P. Renaudin, O. Rancu, and J. C. Gauthier, “Monochromatic x-ray imaging with streak and framing cameras, ” in Applications of Laser Plasma Radiation, M. C. Richardson, ed., Proc. SPIE 2015, 78-85 (1993).
30. E. Forster, K. Gabel, and I. Uschmann, “New crystal spectrograph designs and their application to plasma diagnostics, ” Rev. Sci. Instrum. 63, 5012-5016 (1992).
31. E. Forster, R. J. Hutcheon, O. Renner, I. Uschmann, M. Vollbrecht, M. Nantel, A. Klisnick, and P. Jaegle, “Homogeneity study of an 1-D extended x-ray laser working medium by x-ray imaging, ” in Rapport d’Activite LULI 1994 (LULI, Palaiseau, France, 1994), pp. 167-172.
32. 10+, ” Appl. Phys. B 50, 153-164 (1990).