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b) For a recent review containing copious examples of application of radical chemistry to natural product synthesis, see: Jasperse, C. P.; Curran, D. P.; Fevig, T. L. Chem. Rev., 1991, 91, 1237.
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c) For the occurrence of dialkoxyphenanthridines such as 6,7-methylenedioxyphenanthridine and its methochloride in nature, see: Suau, R.; Gómez, A. I.; Rico, R. Phytochemistry, 1990, 29, 1710.
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For a lengthy synthesis of S (R=OH ; R=OMe), see: Takada, T.; Ohki, S. Chem. Pharm. Bull. (Jpn), 1971, 19, 977.
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0342666575
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A similar radical, photochemically generated from N-(o-halobenzyl)aniline, has been reported to give, among other products, a low yield (15%) of the 5,6-dihydrophenanthridine: Mizuno, K.; Pac, C.; Sukurai, H. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn., 1973, 46, 3316.
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33748366516
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For geometric reasons alkenylaryl radicals incorporating a hetero atom (O or N) in the side chain are expected to afford mainly product of 1,5 cyclisations and this was experimentally observed to be so in the case of oxygen. It is also known that in systems with all carbon framework the kinetically preferred 5-exo cyclisation is retarded by the presence of a substituent at the C atom suffering the radical attack (Beckwith, A. L. J. Tetrahedron, 1981, 37, 3073) and as a consequence the competing 6-endo addition becomes significant or occasionally even exclusive (Padwa, A.; Murphee, S. S.; Yeske, P. E. Tetrahedron Lett., 1990, 31, 2983; Urabe, H. Kuwajima, I. Tetrahedron Lett., 1986, 27, 1355).
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Beckwith, A.L.J.1
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0025322687
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For geometric reasons alkenylaryl radicals incorporating a hetero atom (O or N) in the side chain are expected to afford mainly product of 1,5 cyclisations and this was experimentally observed to be so in the case of oxygen. It is also known that in systems with all carbon framework the kinetically preferred 5-exo cyclisation is retarded by the presence of a substituent at the C atom suffering the radical attack (Beckwith, A. L. J. Tetrahedron, 1981, 37, 3073) and as a consequence the competing 6-endo addition becomes significant or occasionally even exclusive (Padwa, A.; Murphee, S. S.; Yeske, P. E. Tetrahedron Lett., 1990, 31, 2983; Urabe, H. Kuwajima, I. Tetrahedron Lett., 1986, 27, 1355).
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For geometric reasons alkenylaryl radicals incorporating a hetero atom (O or N) in the side chain are expected to afford mainly product of 1,5 cyclisations and this was experimentally observed to be so in the case of oxygen. It is also known that in systems with all carbon framework the kinetically preferred 5-exo cyclisation is retarded by the presence of a substituent at the C atom suffering the radical attack (Beckwith, A. L. J. Tetrahedron, 1981, 37, 3073) and as a consequence the competing 6-endo addition becomes significant or occasionally even exclusive (Padwa, A.; Murphee, S. S.; Yeske, P. E. Tetrahedron Lett., 1990, 31, 2983; Urabe, H. Kuwajima, I. Tetrahedron Lett., 1986, 27, 1355).
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0342666571
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note
-
The presence of 5,6-dihydrophenanthridines could indeed be detected in all these reactions on the t1c plates. However, they are rapidly oxidised under aerobic conditions.
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0343536803
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For a reference to intrusion of reversibility in an intramolecular aryl-aryl radical coupling reaction, not involving an EWG group ortho to the σ radical, see: Benati, L.; Montevecchi, P. C.; Tundo, A. J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun, 1978, 530.
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Supplied by Aldrich Co., Spain.
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