Uniform staining of Cyclospora oocysts in fecal smears by a modified safranin technique with microwave heating

Journal of Clinical Microbiology

Volumn 35, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 730-733

  Visvesvara, G S ^a   Moura, H ^a   Kovacs Nace, E ^a   Wallace, S ^a   Eberhard, M L ^a  

^a NATL CENTER FOR INFECTIOUS DISEASES   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARTICLE; CYCLOSPORA; FECES ANALYSIS; HEATING; IMMUNE DEFICIENCY; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; MICROWAVE RADIATION; NONHUMAN; OOCYTE; PRIORITY JOURNAL; STAINING;

COCCIDIA; CYCLOSPORA; PROTISTA;

EID: 0031051636     PISSN: 00951137     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.35.3.730-733.1997     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Ash, L. R., and T. C. Orihel. 1987. Collection and preservation of feces, p. 5-53. In Parasites: a guide to laboratory procedures and identification, 1st ed. American Society of Clinical Pathologists Press, Chicago, III.
2. Baxby, D., N. Blundell, and C. A. Hart. 1984. The development and performance of a simple, sensitive method for the detection of Cryptosporidium oocysts in faeces. J. Hyg. Camb. 92:317-323.
3. Bendall, R. P., S. Lucas, A. Moody, G. Tovey, and P. L. Chiodini. 1993. Diarrhoea associated with cyanobacterium-like bodies: a new coccidian enteritis of man. Lancet 341:590-592.
4. Berlin, O. G. W., S. M. Novak, R. K. Porschen, E. G. Long, G. N. Stelma, and F. W. Schaeffer III. 1994. Recovery of Cyclospora organisms from patients with prolonged diarrhea. Clin. Infect. Dis. 18:606-609.
5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1996. Outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetanensis infection - United States, 1996. Morbid. Mortal. Weekly Rep. 45:549-551.
6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 1996. Update: outbreaks of Cyclospora cayetanensis infection - United States and Canada, 1996. Morbid. Mortal. Weekly Rep. 45:611-612.
7. Conner, B. A., D. R. Shlim, J. V. Scholes, J. L. Rayburn, J. Reidy, and R. Rajah. 1993. Pathologic changes in the small bowel in nine patients with diarrhea associated with a coccidia-like body. Ann. Intern. Med. 119:377-382.
8. Garcia, L. S., and D. A. Bruckner. 1993. Diagnostic medical parasitology, 2nd ed. American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C.
9. Hafiz, S., R. C. Spencer, M. Lee, H. Gooch, and B. I. Duerden. 1985. Use of microwaves for acid and alcohol fast staining. J. Clin. Pathol. 38:1073-1076.
10. Hale, D., W. Aldeen, and K. Carroll. 1994. Diarrhea associated with cyanobacterialike bodies in an immunocompetent host. JAMA 271:144-145.
11. Hart, A. S., M. T. Ridinger, R. Soundarajan, C. S. Peters, A. L. Swiatlo, and F. E. Kocka. 1990. Novel organism associated with chronic diarrhoea in AIDS. Lancet 335:169-170.
12. Hoge, C. W., D. R. Shlim, R. Raja, J. Triplett, M. Shear, J. G. Rabold, and P. Echeveria. 1993. Epidemiology of diarrhoeal illness associated with coccidian-like organism among travellers and foreign residents in Nepal. Lancet 341:1175-1179.
13. Hoge, C. W., D. R. Shlim, M. Ghimire, J. G. Rabold, P. Pandey, A. Walch, R. Rajah, P. Gaudio, and P. Echeveria. 1995. Placebo-controlled trial of cotrimoxazole for cyclospora infections among travellers and foreign residents in Nepal. Lancet 345:691-693.
14. Huang, P., J. T. Weber, D. M. Sosin, P. M. Griffin, E. G. Long, J. J. Murphy, F. Kocka, C. Peters, and C. Kallick. 1995. The first reported outbreak of diarrheal illness associated with Cyclospora in the United States. Ann. Intern. Med. 123:409-414.
15. Karaki, H. 1992. Traveller's diarrhea associated with cyanobacterium-like bodies. Lancet 340:1159.
16. Long, E. G., E. H. White, W. W. Carmichael, P. M. Quinlisk, R. Rajah, B. L. Swisher, H. Daugharty, and M. T. Cohen. 1991. Morphologic and staining characteristics of a Cyanobacterium-like organism associated with diarrhea. J. Infect. Dis. 164:199-202.
17. Moura, H., J. L. N. Da Silva, F. C. Sodre, P. Brasil, C. Wallmo, S. Wahlquist, S. Wallace, G. P. Croppo, and G. S. Visvesvara. 1996. Gram-chromotrope: a new technique that enhances detection of microsporidial spores in clinical samples. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 43:94S-95S.
18. Ortega, Y. R., C. R. Sterling, R. H. Gilman, V. A. Cama, and F. Diaz. 1993. Cyclospora species - a new protozoan pathogen of humans. N. Engl. J. Med. 328:1308-1312.
19. Pape, J. W., R.-I. Verdier, M. Boney, J. Boney, and W. D. Johnson, Jr. 1994. Cyclospora infection in adults infected with HIV. Clinical manifestations, treatment, and prophylaxis. Ann. Intern. Med. 121:654-657.
20. Shi, S.-R., M. C. Key, and K. L. Kalra. 1991. Antigen retrieval in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues: an enhancement method for immunochemical staining based on microwave oven heating of tissue sections. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 39:741-748.
21. Sifuentes-Osornio, J., G. Porras-Cortes, R. P. Bendall, F. Morales-Villarreal, G. Reves-Teran, and M. Ruiz-Palacios. 1995. Cyclospora cayetanensis in patients with and without AIDS: biliary disease as another clinical manifestation. Clin. Infect. Dis. 21:1092-1097.
22. Soave, R., and W. D. Johnson, Jr. 1995. Cyclospora: conquest of an emerging pathogen. Lancet 345:667-668.
23. Sun, T., C. F. Ilardi, D. Asnis, A. R. Bresciani, S. Goldenberg, B. Roberts, and S. Teichberg. 1996. Light and electron microscopic identification of Cyclospora species in the small intestine. Evidence of the presence of asexual life cycle in human host. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 105:216-220.
24. Wurtz, R. 1994. Cyclospora: a newly identified intestinal pathogen of humans. Clin. Infect. Dis. 18:620-623.
25. Wurtz, R. M., F. E. Kockka, and C. S. Peters. 1993. Clinical characteristics of seven cases of diarrhea associated with a novel acid-fast organism in the stool. Clin. Infect. Dis. 16:136-138.