Production of antioxidant vitamins, β-carotene, vitamin C, and vitamin E, by two-step culture of Euglena gracilis Z

Biotechnology and Bioengineering

Volumn 53, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 185-190

  Takeyama, Haruko ^a   Kanamaru, Akihisa ^a   Yoshino, Yuko ^a,b   Kakuta, Hiroyuki ^a,b   Kawamura, Yoshiya ^a,b   Matsunaga, Tadashi ^a  

^a TOKYO UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY   (Japan)

^b Nakano Vinegar Co Ltd   (Japan)

Author keywords

carotene; antioxidant vitamins; Euglena gracilis; vitamin C; vitamin E

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL CULTURE; ANTIOXIDANTS; MICROORGANISMS;

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ASCORBIC ACID; BETA CAROTENE; EUGLENA GRACILIS Z; FED BATCH CULTURE; PHOTOAUTOTROPHIC CELL CULTURE; PHOTOHETEROTROPHIC CELL CULTURE;

VITAMINS;

ALPHA TOCOPHEROL; ANTIOXIDANT; ASCORBIC ACID; BETA CAROTENE; VITAMIN;

ARTICLE; BIOSYNTHESIS; EUGLENA GRACILIS; LIGHT EXPOSURE; NONHUMAN; PLANT GROWTH;

EID: 0031030992     PISSN: 00063592     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19970120)53:2<185::AID-BIT8>3.0.CO;2-K     Document Type: Article

References (28)

1. Aaronson, S., DeAngelis, B., Frank, O., Baker, H. 1971. Secretion of vitamins and amino acids into the environment by Ochromonas danica. J. Phycol. 7: 215-218.
2. Abalde J., Fabregas, J. 1991. β-Carotene, vitamin C and vitamin E content of the marine microalga Dunaliella rertiolecta cultured with different nitrogen sources. Bioresource Technol. 38: 121-125.
3. Arnon, D. I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphenoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. Plant Physiol. 24: 1-15.
4. Barras, D. R., Stone, B. A. 1968. General biology and ultrastructure, pp. 149-191. In: D.E. Buetow (ed.), The biology of Euglena, vol. 2. Academic, New York.
5. Bligh, E. G., Dyer, W. J. 1959. A rapid method of total lipid extraction and purification. Can. J. Biochem. Physiol. 37: 911-917.
6. Borowitzka, M. A., Borowitzka, L. J. 1988. Dunaliella, pp. 27-58. In: M. A. Borowitzka and L. J. Borowitzka (ed.), Micro-algal biotechnology. Cambridge University Press, New York.
7. Cramer, M., Myers, J. C. 1952. Growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Euglena gracilis. Arch. f. Mikrobiol. 17: 384-402.
8. Cunningham, F. X., Schiff, J. A. 1986. Chlorophyll-protein complexes from Euglena gracilis and mutants deficient in chlorophyll b. II. Polypeptide composition. Plant Physiol. 80: 231-238.
9. Doba, T., Burton, G. W., Ingold, K. U. 1985. Antioxidant and coantioxidant activity of vitamin C. The effect of vitamin C, either alone or in the presence of vitamin E or water-soluble vitamin E analogue, upon the peroxidation of aqueous multilamellar phospholipid liposomes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 835: 298-303.
10. Hanagata, N., Karube, I. 1994. Red pigment production by Carthamus tinctorius cells in a two-stage culture system. J. Biotechnol. 37: 59-65.
11. Hayashi, M., Toda, K., Kitaoka, S. 1993. Enriching Euglena with unsaturated fatty acids. Biosci. Biotech. Biochem. 57: 352-353.
12. Hosotani, K., Kitaoka, S. 1984. Determination of provitamin A in Euglena gracilis Z by high performance liquid chromatography and changes of the contents under various culture conditions. J. Jpn. Soc. Nutr. Food Sci. 37: 519-524.
13. Inui, H., Miyatake, K., Nakano, Y., Kitaoka, S. 1982. Wax ester fermentation in Euglena gracilis. FEBS Lett. 150: 89-93.
14. Kitaoka, S., Hosotani, K. 1977. Studies on culture conditions for the determination of the nutritive value of Euglena gracilis protein and the general and amino acid compositions of the cells. Nogei-kagaku 51: 477-482.
15. 2 by marine cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. using a novel biosolar reactor employing light-diffusing optical fibers. Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol. 28/29: 157-167.
16. Niki, E. 1987. Interaction of ascorbate and a-tocopherol. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 498: 186-199.
17. Oda, Y., Nakano, Y. Kitaoka, S. 1982. Utilization and toxicity of exogenous amino acids in Euglena gracilis. J. Gen. Microbiol. 128: 853-858.
18. Osafune, T., Sumida, S., Ehara, T., Ueno, N., Hase, E., Schiff, J. A. 1990. Lipid (wax) and paramylum as sources of carbon and energy for the early development of proplastids in dark-grown Euglena gracilis cells transferred to an inorganic medium. J. Electron. Microsc. 39: 372-381.
19. Palozza, P., Krinsky, N. I. 1992. β-Carotene and α-tocopherol are synergistic antioxidants. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 297: 184-187.
20. Riemersa, R. A., Wood, D. A., MacIntyre, C. C. A. 1991. Risk of angina pectoris and plasma concentration of vitamin A, C and E carotene. Lancet. 337: 1-5.
21. Shigeoka, S., Yokota, A., Nakano, Y., Kitaoka, S. 1979. The effect of illumination on the L-ascorbic acid content in Euglena gracilis Z. Agric. Biol. Chem. 43: 2053-2058.
22. Shigeoka, S., Nakano, Y., Kitaoka, S. 1980. Occurrence of L-ascorbic acid in Euglena gracilis Z. Bull. Univ. Osaka Pref., ser. B 32: 43-48.
23. Siefermann-Harms, D. 1987. The light-harvesting and protective functions of carotenoids in photosynthetic membranes. Physiol. Plant. 69: 561-568.
24. Sumida, S., Osafune, T., Ehara, T., Hase, E. 1992. Light-induced development of thylakoids in proplastids of dark-grown wax-rich cells of Euglena gracilis transferred to an inorganic medium. J. Electron. Microsc. 41: 154-166.
25. Taketomi, H., Soda, K., Katsui, G. 1983. Results of screening test in tocopherols in microbial realm. Vitamins 57: 133-138.
26. Tani, Y., Tsumura, H. 1989. Screening for tocopherol-producing microorganisms and α-tocopherol production by Euglena gracilis Z. Agric. Biol. Chem. 53: 305-312.
27. Threfall, D. R., Goodwin, T. W. 1967. Nature, Intracellular distribution and formation of terpenoid quinones in Euglena gracilis. Biochem. J. 103: 573-588.
28. Yamaoka, Y. Takimura, O., Fuse, H., Kamimura, K. 1994. β-Carotene production by Dunaliella satina in fed-batch and semi-continuous cultures under nutrient supplement. Seibutukogaku Kaishi 72: 111-114.