An animal-centered, causal-system approach to the understanding and control of behavior

Applied Animal Behaviour Science

Volumn 53, Issue 1-2, 1997, Pages 107-129

  Timberlake, William ^a  

^a INDIANA UNIVERSITY   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0031027884     PISSN: 01681591     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0168-1591(96)01154-9     Document Type: Article

References (97)

1. Alcock, J., 1993. Animal Behavior: An Evolutionary Approach. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA.
2. Appleby, M.C. and Hughes, B.O., 1993. The future of applied ethology. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 35, 389-395.
3. Baerends, G.P., 1988. Ethology. In: R.C. Atkinson, R.J. Herrnstein, G. Lindzey and R.D. Luce (Editors), Steven's Handbook of Experimental Psychology, 2nd edn. Vol 1. Learning and Cognition. Wiley, New York, pp. 765-830.
4. Barlow, C.W., 1977. Modal action patterns. In: T.A. Sebeok (Editor), How Animals Communicate. Indiana University Press, Bloomington, IN, pp. 98-134.
5. Beer, C.G., 1992. Conceptual issues in cognitive ethology. In: P.J.B. Slater, J.S. Rosenblatt, C. Beer and M. Milinski (Editors), Advances in the Study of Behavior, Vol. 21, Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, San Diego, pp. 69-110.
6. Bekoff, M. and Jamieson, D., 1991. Reflective ethology, applied philosophy, and the moral status of animals. In: P.P.G. Bateson and P.M. Klopfer (Editors), Perspectives in Ethology. Vol. 9. Human Understanding and Animal Awareness. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 1-47.
7. Berridge, K.C., 1994. The development of action patterns. In: J.A. Hogan and J.J. Bolhuis (Editors), Causal Mechanisms of Behavioural Development. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 147-80.
8. Boakes, R.A., 1979. Interactions between type I and type II processes involving positive reinforcement. In: A. Dickinson and R.A. Boakes (Editors), Mechanisms of Learning and Motivation. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
9. Boakes, R.A., 1984. From Darwin to Behaviourism: Psychology and the Minds of Animals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
10. Boakes, R.A., Poli, M., Lockwood, M.J. and Goodall, G., 1978. A study of misbehavior: token reinforcement in the rat. J. Exp. Anal. Behav., 29: 115-134.
11. Breland, K. and Breland, M., 1961. The misbehavior of organisms. Am. Psychol., 16: 681-684.
12. Brennan, P., Kaba, H. and Keverne, E.B., 1990. Olfactory recognition: a simple memory system. Science, 250: 1223-1226.
13. Cheney, D.L. and Seyfarth, R.M., 1990. How Monkeys See the World. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
14. Colgan, P., 1989. Animal Motivation. Chapman and Hall, New York.
15. Collier, G., 1983. Life in a closed economy: the ecology of learning and motivation. In: M.D. Zeiler and P. Harzem (Editors), Advances in Analysis of Behaviour. Vol. 3. Biological Factors in Learning. Wiley, New York, pp. 223-274.
16. Darwin, C., 1871. The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex. Murray, London.
17. Dawkins, M.S., 1983. The organisation of motor patterns. In: T.R. Halliday and P.J.B. Slater (Editors), Animal Behaviour: Causes and Effects. Freeman, San Francisco, CA, pp. 75-99.
18. Dawkins, M.S., 1990. From an animal's point of view: motivation, fitness and animal welfare. Behav. Brain Sci., 13, 1-61.
19. Dethier, V.G., 1976. The Hungry Fly. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
20. Drickamer, L.C., Vessey, S.H. and Meikle, D., 1996. Animal Behavior: Mechanisms, Ecology, and Evolution. William C. Brown, Dubuque, LA.
21. Dunbar, R.I.M., 1984. Reproductive Decisions: An Economic Analysis of Gelada Baboon Social Structure. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
22. Dunning, Jr., J.B., 1990. Meeting the assumptions of foraging models: an example using tests of avian patch choice. Stud. Avian Biol., 13: 462-470.
23. Eibl-Eibesfeldt, I., (1975). Ethology: The Biology of Behavior. Holt, Rinehart and Winston, New York.
24. Falk, J.L., 1971. The nature and determinants of adjunctive behavior. Physiol. Behav., 6: 577-588.
25. Parley, J., 1988. Cellular mechanisms of causal detection in a mollusc. In: M. Commons, R. Church, J. Stellar and A. Wagner (Editors), Harvard Symposium on Quantitative Analyses of Behavior. Vol. 7. Biological Determinants of Behavior. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 207-248.
26. Fanselow, M.S., 1994. Neural organization of the defensive behavior system responsible for fear. Psychonom. Bull. Rev., 1: 429-438.
27. Fentress, J.C., 1991. Analytical ethology and synthetic neuroscience. In: P.P.G. Bateson (Editor), The Development and Integration of Behaviour: Essays in Honour of Robert Hinde. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 77-120.
28. Griffin, D.R., 1981. The Question of Animal Awareness. Evolutionary Continuity of Mental Experience, 2nd edn. Rockefeller University Press, New York.
29. Halliday, T.R. and Slater, P.J.B., 1983. Animal Behaviour: Causes and Effects. Freeman, San Francisco, CA.
30. Hanson, S. and Timberlake, W., 1983. Regulation during challenge: a general model of learned performance under schedule constraint. Psychol. Rev., 90: 261-282.
31. Hart, B.L., 1985. The Behavior of Domestic Animals. Freeman, New York.
32. Hawkins, R.D. and Kandel, E.R., 1984. Is there a cell-biological alphabet for simple forms of learning? Psychol. Rev., 91: 376-391.
33. Hinde, R.A., 1970. Animal Behaviour, 2nd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York.
34. Hinde, R.A. and Stevenson, J.G., 1970. Goals and response control. In: L.R. Aronson, E. Tobach, J.S. Rosenblatt and D.S. Lehrman (Editors), Development and Evolution of Behavior. Freeman, New York, pp. 216-237.
35. Hogan, J.A., 1997. Energy models of motivation: A reconsideration. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.,
36. Hogan, J.A. and Bolhuis, J.J. (Editors), 1994. Causal Mechanisms of Behavioural Development. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
37. Houston, A.I. and McNamara, J.M., 1988. A framework for the functional analysis of behavior. Behav. Brain Sci., 11: 117-163.
38. Jensen, P. and Toates, F., 1993. Who needs 'behavioural needs'? Motivational aspects of the needs of animals. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 37: 161-181.
39. Kavanau, J.L., 1969. Behavior of captive white-footed mice. In: E.P. Willems and H.L. Raush (Editors), Naturalistic Viewpoints in Psychological Research. Holt, New York, pp. 221-270.
40. Kellert, S.R. and Wilson, E.O. (Editors), 1993. The Biophilia Hypothesis. Island Press, Washington, DC.
41. Kennedy, J.S., 1992. The New Anthropomorphism. University of Cambridge Press, Cambridge.
42. Land, M.F., 1983. Sensory stimuli and behaviour. In: T.R. Halliday and P.J.B. Slater (Editors), Animal Behaviour: Causes and Effects. Freeman, San Francisco, CA, pp. 75-99.
43. Lashley, K.S., 1950. In Search of the Engram. Symposium of the Society of Experimental Biology, No. 4. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 454-482.
44. Le Magnen, J., 1992. Neurobiology of Feeding and Nutrition. Academic Press, San Diego.
45. Lindberg, A.C. and Nicol, C.J., 1994. An evaluation of the effect of operant feeders on welfare of hens maintained on litter. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 41: 211-227.
46. Mackintosh, N.J., 1974. The Psychology of Animal Learning. Academic Press, New York.
47. Mackintosh, N.J., 1983. Conditioning and Associative Learning. Clarendon, London.
48. Mackintosh, N.J. (Editor), 1994. Animal Learning and Cognition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
49. Martin, P. and Bateson, P., 1993. Measuring Behavior: An Introductory Guide, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
50. Mason, G.J., 1991. Stereotypies: a critical review. Anim. Behav., 41: 1015-1037.
51. McFarland, D., 1971. Feedback Mechanisms in Animal Behaviour. Academic Press, London.
52. McFarland, D., 1977. Decision-making in animals. Nature, 269: 15-21.
53. McFarland, D. and Bossert, T., 1993. Intelligent Behavior in Animals and Robots. MIT Press, London.
54. Miller, N.E., 1956. Effects of drugs on motivation: the value of using a variety of measures. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci., 65: 141-143.
55. Mistlberger, R.E., 1994. Circadian food-anticipatory activity: formal models and physiological mechanisms. Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev., 18: 171-195.
56. Morgan, C.L., 1896. Habit and Instinct. Edward Arnold, London.
57. Morris, D., 1958. The reproductive behavior of the ten-spined stickleback (Pygosteus pungitius L.). Behav. Suppl., 61: 1-154.
58. Nabhan, G.P. and St. Antoine, A., 1993. The loss of flora and faunal story: the extinction of experience. In: S.R. Kellert and E.O. Wilson (Editors), The Biophilia Hypothesis. Island Press, Washington, DC, pp. 229-250.
59. Nelson, K., 1964. The temporal patterning of courtship behavior in the glandulocaudine fishes (Ostariophysi, Characidae). Behaviour, 24: 90-146.
60. Premack, D., 1965. Reinforcement theory. In: D. Levine (Editor), Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, Vol. 13. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, NE, pp. 123-180.
61. Ristau, C.A. (Editor), 1991. Cognitive Ethology: The Mind of Other Animals. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ.
62. Romanes, G.J., 1884. Mental Evolution in Animals. Appleton, New York.
63. Sevenster, P., 1973. Incompatibility of response and reward. In: R.A. Hinde and J. Stevenson-Hinde (Editors), Constraints on Learning: Limitations and Predispositions. New York: Academic Press, New York, pp. 265-283.
64. Shettleworth, S.J., 1994. Biological approach to the study of learning. In: N.J. Mackintosh (Editor), Animal Learning and Cognition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 185-220.
65. Silva, F.J., Timberlake, W. and Koehler, T.L. (1996). A behavior systems approach to bidirectional excitatory serial conditioning. Learn. Motiv., 27: 130-150.
66. Skinner, B.F., 1938. The Behavior of Organisms. Appleton-Century-Crofts, New York.
67. Skinner, B.F., 1948. 'Superstition' in the pigeon. J. Exp. Psychol., 38: 168-172.
68. Skinner, B.F., 1959. A case history in the scientific method. In: S. Koch (Editor), Psychology: The Study of a Science, Vol. 2. McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 359-379.
69. Slater, P.J.B. and Halliday, T.R., 1994. Behaviour and Evolution. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
70. Staddon, J.E.R., 1977. Schedule-induced behavior. In: W.K. Honig and J.E.R. Staddon (Editors), Handbook of Operant Behavior. Prentice-Hall, New York, pp. 125-152.
71. Staddon, J.E.R. and Simmelhag, V.L., 1971. The 'superstition' experiment: a reexamination of its implications for the principles of adaptive behavior. Psychol. Rev., 78: 3-43.
72. Stephens, D.W., 1990. Foraging theory: up, down, and sideways. Stud. Avian Biol., 13: 444-454.
73. Stephens, D.W. and Krebs, J.R., 1986. Foraging Behavior. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
74. Strubbe, J.H., Keyser, J., Dijkstra, R. and Alingh-Prins, A.J., 1986. Interaction between circadian and caloric control of feeding behavior in the rat. Physiol. Behav., 36: 489-493.
75. Timberlake, W., 1984. Behavior regulation in learned performance: Some misapprehensions and disagreements. J. Exp. Anal. Behav., 41: 355-375.
76. Timberlake, W., 1990. Natural learning in laboratory paradigms. In: D.A. Dewsbury (Editor), Contemporary Issues in Comparative Psychology. Sinauer Associates, Sunderland, MA, pp. 31-54.
77. Timberlake, W., 1993a. Animal behavior: a continuing synthesis. Annu. Rev. Psychol., 44: 675-708.
78. Timberlake, W., 1993b. Behavior systems and reinforcement: an integrative approach. J. Exp. Anal. Behav., 60: 105-128.
79. Timberlake, W., 1994. Behavior systems, associationism, and Pavlovian conditioning. Psychonom. Bull. Rev., 1: 405-420.
80. Timberlake, W., 1995. Reconceptualizing reinforcement: a causal system approach to reinforcement and behavior change. In: W. O'Donohue and L. Krasner (Editors), Theories in Behavior Therapy. APA Books, Washington, DC, pp. 59-96.
81. Timberlake, W. and Allison, J., 1974. Response deprivation: an empirical approach to instrumental performance. Psychol. Rev., 81: 146-164.
82. Timberlake, W. and Farmer-Dougan, V.A., 1991. Reinforcement in applied settings: figuring out ahead of time what will work. Psychol. Bull., 110: 379-391.
83. Timberlake, W. and Lucas, G.A., 1985. The basis of superstitious behavior: chance contingency, stimulus substitution, or appetitive behavior? J. Exp. Anal. Behav., 44: 279-299.
84. Timberlake, W. and Lucas, G.A., 1989. Behavior systems and learning: from misbehavior to general principles. In: S.B. Klein and R.R. Mowrer (Editors), Contemporary Learning Theories: Instrumental Conditioning Theory and the Impact of Biological Constraints on Learning. Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ, pp. 237-275.
85. Timberlake, W. and Lucas, G.A., 1991. Periodic water, interwater interval, and adjunctive behavior in a 24-hour multi-response environment. Anim. Learn. Behav., 19: 369-380.
86. Timberlake, W. and Silva, F.J., 1994. Observation of behavior, inference of function, and the study of learning. Psychonom. Bull. Rev., 1: 73-88.
87. Timberlake, W. and Silva, K.M., 1995. Appetitive behavior in ethology, psychology, and behavior systems. In: N. Thompson (Editor), Perspectives in Ethology. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 211-253.
88. Timberlake, W., Wahl, G. and King, D., 1982. Stimulus and response contingencies in the misbehavior of rats. J. Exp. Psychol. Anim. Behav. Process., 8: 62-85.
89. Tinbergen, N., 1951. The Study of Instinct. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
90. Toates - data to be supplied
91. Von Holst, E. and von St. Paul, U., 1963. On the functional organisation of drives. Anim. Behav., 11: 1-20.
92. Von Uexkull, J., 1934. Streifzuge durch die Umwelten von Tieren und Menschen. Springer, Berlin [translated in C.H. Schiller (Editor), 1957. Instinctive Behavior: The Development of a Modern Concept. International Universities Press, New York, pp. 5-80].
93. Warden, C.J., Jenkins, T.N. and Warner, L.H., 1935. Comparative Psychology: Principles and Methods, Vol. 1. Ronald Press, New York.
94. Watson, J.B., 1919. Psychology from the Standpoint of a Behaviorist. Lippincott, Philadelphia.
95. White, I.M., White, W. and Timberlake, W., 1995. Meals incrementally and instantaneously reset circadian activity patterns in suprachiasmatic nucleus lesioned rats. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr., 21: 954.
96. Wilson, E.O., 1992. The Diversity of Life. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA.
97. Wilson, E.O. and Peter, F.M., 1988. Biodiversity. National Academy Press, Washington, DC.