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Volumn 275, Issue 5302, 1997, Pages 990-993

Defective transcription-coupled repair of oxidative base damage in Cockayne syndrome patients from XP group G

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ENDONUCLEASE;

EID: 0031025997     PISSN: 00368075     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1126/science.275.5302.990     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (285)

References (30)
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    • J. J. Blow and R. A. Laskey, Cell 47, 577 (1986); J. W. Newport, ibid. 48, 205 (1987).
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    • note
    • Assays demonstrated that Cip1 inactivated nuclear cdk2-cyclin E histone H1 kinase activity within 10 min of Cip1 addition.
  • 18
    • 1842340056 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • The average rate of fork movement was calculated from the average size of fragments 2 min (417 bp) and 6 min (1072 bp) after dCTP addition in Fig. 2A. The fork moved on average 655 bp in 4 min, or 164 bp/min. Because two forks move toward each other in each replicon, the average size of the replicon in reactions containing 2000 nuclei/μl is 22 min × 164 bp/min × 2 = 7.2 kb; at 10,000 nuclei/μl, it is 180 min × 164 bp/min × 2 = 59 kb.
  • 19
    • 1842397224 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • One egg generates 0.6 μl of extract, so an embryo containing 2000 diploid cells corresponds to a reaction containing 6500 haploid nuclei/μl. Thus, the elongation in S phase occurs at a somewhat lower concentration of nuclei in vitro than in vivo; we ascribe this difference to the fact that the protein concentration in extracts is lower than in embryos.
  • 20
    • 0030592518 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • A. Roweles et al., Cell 87, 287 (1996).
    • (1996) Cell , vol.87 , pp. 287
    • Roweles, A.1
  • 25
    • 1842268960 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • 32-P]dATP (0.1 μCi/μl); 200 μM Ara-C; and demembranated sperm chromatin (22). Reactions were carried out at 21° to 23°C. Samples (3 μl) were analyzed for replication (8) and quantitated (Phosphorlmager).
  • 27
    • 1842379700 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Samples (5 μl) from the replication reaction were mixed with 500 μl of ice-cold buffer A (5 mM EDTA, 20 mM Hepes, pH 7.6, 50 mM NaCl) containing 1 mM spermine and 1 mM spermidine and centrifuged for 5 min in a microfuge at 4°C. Pellets were digested with proteinase K, extracted with phenol and chloroform, ethanol precipitated in the presence of 40 μg of RNA, and separated on a 0.8% alkaline gel.
  • 28
    • 1842318916 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • To immunodeplete or mock-deplete ORC, we depleted 100 μl of egg extract (22) containing nocodazole three times with 20 μl of antiserum to XORC2 or preimmune serum bound to protein A-Sepharose, respectively.
  • 29
    • 1842344846 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • Reactions were diluted 1:5 in cold egg lysis buffer (ELB) (22) and centrifuged through a 100-μl ELB plus 0.25 M sucrose cushion in Beckman 5 mm by 44 mm microfuge tubes for 15 s. The pellet was resuspended in 150 μl of cold ELB and 0.6% TX-100 and centrifuged through an identical cushion for 2 min.
  • 30
    • 1842398222 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • note
    • We thank Z. Murthy for technical assistance and B. Dunphy for the XORC2 expression vector. Supported by NIH grants RO1GM44656 (to J.N.) and 1F32GM17980-01 (to J.W.).


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