Effect of lactulose on short-chain fatty acids and lactate production and on the growth of faecal flora, with special reference to Clostridium difficile

Journal of Medical Microbiology

Volumn 46, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 80-84

  Ito, Y ^a   Moriwaki, H ^a   Muto, Y ^a   Kato, N ^a   Watanabe, K ^a   Ueno, K ^a,b  

^a GIFU UNIVERSITY   (Japan)

^b Gifu College of Medical Technology   (Japan)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

LACTIC ACID; LACTULOSE; SHORT CHAIN FATTY ACID;

ARTICLE; BACTERIAL GROWTH; BACTERIUM CULTURE; CLINICAL ARTICLE; CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DRUG EFFECT; HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY; HUMAN; LIVER CIRRHOSIS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL;

EID: 0031023314     PISSN: 00222615     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1099/00222615-46-1-80     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. Muto Y. Clinical study on the relationship of short-chain fatty acids and hepatic encephalopathy. Jpn J Gastroenterol 1966; 63: 19-32.
2. Muto Y, Takahashi Y, Kawamura H. Effect of short-chain fatty acids on the electrical activity of neo-, paleo-, and archicortical systems. Brain Nerve 1964; 16: 601-608.
3. Bircher J, Müller J, Guggenheim P, Haemmerli UP. Treatment of chronic portal-systemic encephalopathy with lactulose. Lancet 1966; 1: 890-893.
4. Vince A, Dawson AM, Park N, O'Grady F. Ammonia production by intestinal bacteria. Gut 1973; 14: 171-177.
5. Castell DO, Moore EW. Ammonia absorption from the human colon. The role of nonionic diffusion. Gastroenterology 1971; 60: 33-42.
6. Vince A, Killingley M, Wrong OM. Effect of lactulose on ammonia production in a faecal incubation system. Gastroenterology 1978; 74: 544-549.
7. Agostini L, Down PF, Murison J, Wrong OM. Faecal ammonia and pH during lactulose administration in man: comparison with other cathartics. Gut 1972; 13: 859-866.
8. Mortensen PB, Holtug K, Bonńen H, Clausen MR. The degradation of amino acids, proteins, and blood to short-chain fatty acids in colon is prevented by lactulose. Gastroenterology 1990; 98: 353-360.
9. Wolin MJ. Control of short chain volatile acid production in the colon. In: Binder HJ, Cummings JH, Soergel KH (eds) Short chain fatty acids. Proceedings of the 73rd Falk Symposium. Dordrccht, Kluwer Academic Publishers. 1994: 3-10.
10. Holdeman LV, Moore WEC, Cato EP. Anaerobe laboratory manual, 4th edn. Blacksburg, Virginia, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. 1977.
11. Sneath PHA, Mair NS, Sharpe ME et al. Bergey's Manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 2. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins. 1986.
12. Ito Y, Nakamura T, Saito K et al. Pathophysiological role of intestinal flora in the development of hepatic encephalopathy with special reference to floral alterations induced by antimicrobial agents. Micob Ecol Health Dis 1992; 5: 1-13.
13. Nakamura S, Mikawa M, Nakashio S et al. Isolation of Clostridium difficile from the feces and the antibody in sera of young and elderly adults. Microbiol Immunol 1981; 25: 345-351.
14. Kiyosawa I, Takase M, Yamauchi K. Lactulose and intestinal microflora infant nutrition. Bifidobacteria Microflora 1986; 5: 27-35.
15. Terada A, Hara H, Kataoka M, Mitsuoka T. Effect of lactulose on the composition and metabolic activity of the human faecal flora. Microb Ecol Health Dis 1992; 5: 43-50.
16. Mortensen PB, Rasmussen HS, Holtug K. Lactulose detoxifies in vitro short-chain fatty acid production in colonic contents induced by blood: implications for hepatic coma. Gastroenterology 1988; 94: 750-754.
17. Krieg NR, Holt JG (eds). Bergey's Manual of systematic bacteriology, vol 1. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins. 1984.
18. Muto Y, Bandoh K, Watanabe K, Katoh N, Ueno K. Macrolide accumulation by Bacteroides fragilis ATCC 25285. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 1989; 33: 242-244.
19. Borriello SP, Barclay FE. An in-vitro model of colonisation resistance to Clostridium difficile infection. J Med Microbiol 1986; 21: 299-309.
20. Rolfe RD, Helebian S, Finegold SM. Bacterial interference between Clostridium difficile and normal fecal flora. J Infect Dis 1981; 143: 470-475.
21. Rolfe RD. Role of volatile fatty acids in colonization resistance to Clostridium difficile. Inject Immun 1984; 45: 185-191.
22. May T, Mackie RI, Fahey GC, Cremin JC, Garleb KA. Effect of fiber source on short-chain fatty acid production and on the growth and toxin production by Clostridium difficile. Scand J Gastroenterol 1994; 29: 916-922.
23. Conn HO, Lieberthal MM. Mechanisms of action of lactulose. In: The hepatic coma syndromes and lactulose. Baltimore. Williams & Wilkins. 1979: 278-294.
24. Bown RL, Gibson JA, Sladen GE, Hicks B, Dawson AM. Effect of lactulose and other laxatives on ileal and colonic pH as measured by radiotelemetry device. Gut 1974; 15: 999-1004.
25. Macbeth WAAG, Kass EH, McDermott WV. Treatment of hepatic encephalopathy by alteration of intestinal flora with Lactobacillus acidophilus. Lancet 1965; 1: 399-403.
26. Loguercio C , Del Vecchio Blanco C, Coltori M. Enterococcus lactic acid bacteria strain SF68 and lactulose in hepatic encephalopathy: a controlled study. J Int Med Res 1987; 15: 335-343.
27. Suyawara N. The fecal microflora of cirrhotic patients and the therapy of hyperammonemia. J Tokyo Hum Med Coll 1992; 62: 1586-1597.
28. Patil DH, Westaby D, Mahida YR et al. Comparative modes of action of lactitol and lactulose in the treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. Gut 1987; 28: 255-259.
29. Hayakawa K, Mizutani J, Wada K, Masai T, Yoshihara I, Mitsuoka T. Effect ot soybean oligosaccharides on human faecal flora. Microb Ecol Health Dis 1990; 3: 293-303.
30. Uribe M, Dibildox M, Malpica S et al. Beneficial effect of vegetable protein diet supplemented with psyllium plantago in patients with hepatic encephalopathy and diabetes mellitus. Gastroenterology 1985; 88: 901-907.