Are psychotropic drugs at therapeutic levels a concern for cardiologists?

Canadian Journal of Cardiology

Volumn 13, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 75-80

  Burggraf, Gary W ^a,b  

^a QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^b HOTEL DIEU HOSPITAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

Adverse cardiovascular effects; Antidepressants; Antipsychotics

Indexed keywords

AMFEBUTAMONE; AMITRIPTYLINE; CARDIAC AGENT; CHLORPROMAZINE; CLOZAPINE; CYTOCHROME P450 ISOENZYME; FLUOXETINE; FLUVOXAMINE; HALOPERIDOL; LITHIUM; MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITOR; NEFAZODONE; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT; NORTRIPTYLINE; PERPHENAZINE; PHENELZINE; PHENOTHIAZINE DERIVATIVE; PSYCHOTROPIC AGENT; RISPERIDONE; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITOR; THIORIDAZINE; TRICYCLIC ANTIDEPRESSANT AGENT; VENLAFAXINE;

BRADYCARDIA; CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECT; DRUG METABOLISM; ENZYME INHIBITION; HEART BLOCK; HEART MUSCLE CONDUCTION DISTURBANCE; HEART VENTRICLE ARRHYTHMIA; HEART VENTRICLE TACHYCARDIA; HUMAN; HYPERTENSION; HYPOTENSION; MEDICAL INFORMATION; ORTHOSTATIC HYPOTENSION; SEROTONIN SYNDROME; SHORT SURVEY; SINUS NODE DYSFUNCTION; TORSADE DES POINTES;

ANTIDEPRESSIVE AGENTS; ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES; CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM; HUMANS; LITHIUM; MENTAL DISORDERS; MONOAMINE OXIDASE INHIBITORS; PSYCHOTROPIC DRUGS; SEROTONIN UPTAKE INHIBITORS;

EID: 0031017276     PISSN: 0828282X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Short Survey

References (55)

1. Kelly HG, Fay JE, Laverty SG. Thioridazine hydrochloride (Mellaril): Its effect on the electrocardiogram and a report of two fatalities with electrocardiographic abnormalities. Can Med Assoc J 1963;89:546-54.
2. Fowler NO, McCall D, Chou T, Holmes JC, Hanenson IB. Electrocardiographic changes and cardiac arrhythmias in patients receiving psychotropic drugs. Am J Cardiol 1976;37:223-30.
3. R)-induced ventricular tachycardia controlled with an artificial pacemaker. Ann Intern Med 1966;65:1076-8.
4. Lipscomb PA. Cardiovascular side effects of phenothiazines and tricyclic antidepressants. Postgrad Med J 1980;67:189-96.
5. Mehtonen O, Aranko K, Malkonen L, Vapaatalo H. A survey of sudden death associated with the use of antipsychotic or antidepressant drugs: 49 cases in Finland. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1991;84:58-64.
6. Hirsch SR, Barnes TRE. Clinical use of high-dose neuroleptics. Br J Psychiatry 1994;164:94-6.
7. Janicak PG, Davis JM, Preskorn SH, Ayd FJ. Principles and Practice of Psychopharmacotherapy. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1993:175.
8. Drugs for psychiatric disorders. Med Lett 1994;36:89-96.
9. DiSalvo TG, O'Gara PT. Torsade de pointes caused by high-dose intravenous haloperidol in cardiac patients. Clin Cardiol 1995;18:285-90.
10. Wood AJJ, Kane JM. Schizophrenia. N Engl J Med 1996;334:34-8.
11. Hale MS, Bouckoms A. Use of psychotropic agents in patients with heart disease. Adv Psychosom Med 1994;21:28-48.
12. Pitner JK, Mintzer JE, Pennypacker LC, Jackson CW. Efficacy and adverse effects of Clozapine in four elderly psychotic patients. J Clin Psychiatry 1995;56:180-5.
13. Whitworth AB, Fleischhacker WW. Adverse effects of antipsychotic drugs. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1995;9:21-7.
14. Kantor SJ, Bigger TJ Jr, Glassman AH, et al. Imipramine induced heart block - A longitudinal case study. JAMA 1975;231:1364-6.
15. Levin R, Burtt DM, Levin WA, Ginsberg MB. Ventricular fibrillation in a tetraplegic patient who had a therapeutic level of a tricyclic antidepressant - Case report. Paraplegia 1985;23:354-7.
16. Vohra J, Burrows G, Hunt D, Sloman G. The effect of toxic and therapeutic doses of tricyclic antidepressant drugs on intracardiac conduction. Eur J Cardiol 1975;3:219-27.
17. Sudden death in children treated with a tricyclic antidepressant. Med Lett 1990;32:53-4.
18. Members of the Boston Collaborative Drug Surveillance Program. Adverse reactions to the tricyclic antidepressant drugs. Lancet 1972;i:529-31.
19. Moir DC, Cornwell WB, Dingwall-Fordyce I, Crooks J, O'Malley K, Tumbull MJ. Cardiotoxicity of amitriptyline. Lancet 1972;ii:561-4.
20. Bigger JT, Giardine EGV, Kantor SJ, Glassman AH. Cardiac antiarrhythmic effect of imipramine hydrochloride. N Engl J Med 1977;296:206-8.
21. Giardina EGV, Bigger JT, Glassman AH, Perel JM, Kantor SJ. The electrocardiographic and antiarrhythmic effects of imipramine hydrochloride at therapeutic plasma concentrations. Circulation 1979;60:1045-52.
22. Roose SR, Glassman AH, Giardina EGV, Walsh BT, Woodring S, Bigger T. Tricyclic antidepressants in depressed patients with cardiac conduction disease. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1987;44:273-5.
23. Veith RC, Raskind MA, Caldwell JH, Barnes RF, Gumbrecht G, Ritchie JL. Cardiovascular effects of tricyclic antidepressants in depressed patients with chronic heart disease. N Engl J Med 1982;306:954-9.
24. Glassman AH, Johnson LL, Giardina EGV, et al. The use of imipramine in depressed patients with congestive heart failure. JAMA 1983;250:1997-2001.
25. Sloman L Myocardial infarction during imipramine treatment of depression. Can Med Assoc J 1960;82:20-2.
26. Glassman AH, Bigger JT. Cardiovascular effects of therapeutic doses of tricyclic antidepressants. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1981;38:815-20.
27. Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial (CAST) investigators. Preliminary report: effect of encainide and flecainide on mortality in a randomized trial of arrhythmia suppression after myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med 1989;321:406-12.
28. Cardiac Arrhythmia Suppression Trial II Investigators. Effect of the antiarrhythmia agent moricizine on survival after myocardial infarction N Engl J Med 1992,327:227-33.
29. Roose SP, Glassman AH. Antidepressant choice in the patient with cardiac disease: lessons from the cardiac arrhythmia suppression trial (CAST) studies. J Clin Psychiatry 1994;55(Suppl A):83-7.
30. deSilva RA, Bachman WR. Cardiac consultation in patients with neuropsychiatric problems. Cardiol Clin 1995;13:225-39.
31. Glassman AH, Preud'homme XA. Review of the cardiovascular effects of heterocyclic antidepressants. J Clin Psychiatry 1993;54(Suppl):16-22.
32. Nefazodone for depression. Med Lett 1995;37:33-4.
33. Janicak PG, Davis JM, Preskorn SH, Ayd FJ. Principles and Practice of Psychopharmacotherapy. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1993:282-4.
34. Golwyn DH, Sevlie CP. Monoamine oxidase inhibitor hypertension crisis headache and orthostatic hypotension. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1993;13:77-8.
35. Skop BP, Finkelstein JA, Mareth TR, Magoon MR, Brown TM. The serotonin syndrome associated with paroxetine, an over-the-counter cold remedy and vascular disease. Am J Emerg Med 1994;12:642-4.
36. Shulman RW. Serotonin syndrome. Can J Clin Pharmacol 1995;2:139-44.
37. Grimsley SR, Jann MW. Paroxetine, sertraline and fluvoxamine: New selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors. Clin Pharm 1992;11:930-57.
38. Wilde MI, Plosker GL, Benfield P. Fluvoxamine. An updated review of its pharmacology and therapeutic use in depressive illness. Drugs 1993;46:895-924.
39. Ellison JM, Milofsky JE, Ely E. Fluoxetine-induced bradycardia and syncope in two patients. J Clin Psychiatry 1990;51:385-6.
40. Laird LK, Lydiard RB, Morton WA, et al. Cardiovascular effects of imipramine, fluvoxamine and placebo in depressed outpatients. J Clin Psychiatry 1993;54:224-8.
41. Cassem RJ, DeMonaco HJ, Rosenbaum JF. The P450 family. Bio Ther Psychiatry 1995;18:29-31.
42. Janicak PG, Davis JM, Preskom SH, Ayd FJ. Principles and Practice of Psychopharmacotherapy. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins, 1993:288.
43. Roose SP, Glassman AH, Attia E, Woodring S. Comparative efficac of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and tricyclics in the treatment of melancholia. Am J Psychiatry 1994;151:1735-9.
44. Holliday SM, Benfield P. Venlafaxine. A review of its pharmacology and therapeutic potential in depression. Drugs 1995;49:280-94.
45. Andrews JM, Memeroff CB. Contemporary management of depression. Am J Med 1994;97:24S-32S.
46. Roose SP, Dalack GW, Glassman AH, Woodring S, Walsh BT, Giardina EGV. Cardiovascular effects of Bupropion in depressed patients with heart disease. Am J Psychiatry 1991;148:512-6.
47. Demers RG, Heninger GR. Electrocardiographic T-wave changes during lithium carbonate treatment. JAMA 1971;218:381-6.
48. Wellens HJ, Cats VM, Duren DR. Symptomatic sinus node abnormalities following lithium carbonate therapy. Am J Med 1975;59:285-7.
49. Wilson JR, Kraus ES, Bailas MM, Rakita L. Reversible sinus-node abnormalities due to lithium carbonate therapy. N Engl J Med 1976;294:1223-4.
50. Steckler TL. Lithium and carbamazepine associated sinus node dysfunction: nine-year experience in a psychiatric hospital. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1994;14:336-9.
51. Brady HR, Horgan JH. Lithium and the heart - unanswered questions. Chest 1988;93:166-9.
52. Orme ML'E. Antidepressants and heart disease. BMJ 1984;289:1-2.
53. Glassman AH, Roose SP, Bigger JT. The safety of tricyclic antidepressants in cardiac patients. JAMA 1993;269:2673-5.
54. Cunningham LA. Depression in the medically ill: Choosing an antidepressant. J Clin Psychiatry 1994;55(Suppl A):90-7.
55. McElroy SL, Keck PE, Friedman LM. Minimizing and managing antidepressant side effects. J Clin Psychiatry 1995;56:49-55.