Dimensions and density of dendritic spines from rat dentate granule cells based on reconstructions from serial electron micrographs

Journal of Comparative Neurology

Volumn 377, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 15-28

  Trommald, Mari ^a   Hulleberg, Gunn ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF OSLO   (Norway)

Author keywords

hippocampus; spine classification; spine density; spine dimensions; three dimensional reconstruction

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL CELL; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CELL DENSITY; DENDRITIC SPINE; DENTATE GYRUS; ELECTRON MICROSCOPY; GEOMETRY; GRANULE CELL; HIPPOCAMPUS; HISTOGRAM; IMAGE RECONSTRUCTION; LONG TERM POTENTIATION; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT;

ANIMALS; CELL COUNT; DENDRITES; HIPPOCAMPUS; MALE; MICROSCOPY, ELECTRON; RATS; RATS, WISTAR;

EID: 0031012015     PISSN: 00219967     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970106)377:1<15::AID-CNE3>3.0.CO;2-M     Document Type: Article

References (67)

1. Andersen, P., T.W. Blackstad, and T. Lømø (1966) Location and identification of excitatory synapses on hippocampal pyramidal cells. Exp. Brain Res. 1:236-248.
2. Bailey, C.H., and E.R. Kandel (1993) Structural changes accompanying memory storage. Annu. Rev. Physiol. 55:397-426.
3. Blackstad, T.W. (1956) Commissural connections of the hippocampal region in the rat, with special reference to their mode of termination. J. Comp. Neurol. 105:417-536.
4. Bliss, T.V., and G.L. Collingridge (1993) A synaptic model of memory: long-term potentiation in the hippocampus. Nature 361:31-39.
5. Bourgeois, J.P., and P. Rakic (1993) Changes of synaptic density in the primary visual cortex of the macaque monkey from fetal to adult stages J. Neurosci. 13:2801-2820.
6. Calverley, R.K.S., and D.G. Jones (1990) Contributions of dendritic spines and perforated synapses to synaptic plasticity. Brain Res. Rev. 15:215-249.
7. Chang, F.L., and W.T. Greenough (1984) Transient and enduring morphological correlates of synaptic activity and efficacy change in the rat hippocampal slice. Brain Res. 309:35-46.
8. Desmond, N.L., and W.B. Levy (1983) Synaptic correlates of associative potentiation/depression: an ultrastructural study in the hippocampus. Brain Res. 265:21-30.
9. Desmond, N.L., and W.B. Levy (1985) Granule cell dendritic spine density in the rat hippocampus varies with spine shape and location. Neurosci. Lett. 54:219-224.
10. Desmond, N.L., and W.B. Levy (1986) Changes in the numerical density of synaptic contacts with long-term potentiation in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. J. Comp. Neurol. 253:466-475.
11. Edwards, F.A. (1995) LTP - A structural model to explain the inconsistencies. Trends Neurosci. 18:250-255.
12. Feldman, M.L., and C. Dowd (1975) Loss of dendritic spines in aging cerebral cortex. Anat. Embryol. 148:279-301.
13. Fifkova, E., and A. Van Harreveld (1977) Long-lasting morphological changes in dendritic spines of dentate granular cells following stimulation of the entorhinal area. J. Neurocytol. 6:211-230.
14. Gamble, E., and C. Koch (1987) The dynamics of free calcium in dendritic spines in response to repetitive synaptic input. Science 236:1311-1315.
15. Geinisman, Y. (1993) Perforated axospinous synapses with multiple, completely partitioned transmission zones: Probable structural intermediates in synaptic plasticity. Hippocampus 3:417-433.
16. Geinisman, Y., F. Morrell, and L. deToledo Morrell (1988) Remodelling of synaptic architecture during hippocampal "kindling." Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:3260-3264.
17. Geinisman, Y., L. deToledo Morrell, and F. Morrell (1991) Induction of long-term potentiation is associated with an increase in the number of axospinous synapses with segmented postsynaptic densities. Brain Res. 566:77-88.
18. Geinisman, Y., L. deToledo Morrell, F. Morrell, R.E. Heller, M. Rossi, and R.F. Parshall (1993) Structural synaptic correlate of long-term potentiation: Formation of axospinous synapses with multiple, completely partitioned transmission zones. Hippocampus 3:435-445.
19. Globus, A., M.R. Rosenzweig, E.L. Bennett, and M.C. Diamond (1973) Effects of differential experience on dendritic spine counts in rat cerebral cortex. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 82:175-181.
20. Gould, E., C.S. Woolley, M. Frankfurt, and B.S. McEwen (1990) Gonadal steroids regulate dendritic spine density in hippocampal pyramidal cells in adulthood. J. Neurosci. 10:1286-1291.
21. Gray, E.G. (1959) Electron microscopy of synaptic contacts on dendritic spines of the cerebral cortex. Nature 183:1592-1593.
22. Guthrie, P.B., M. Segal, and S.B. Kater (1991) Independent regulation of calcium revealed by imaging dendritic spines. Nature 354:76-80.
23. Hama, K., T. Arii, and T. Kosaka (1989) Three-dimensional morphometrical study of dendritic spines of the granule cell in the rat dentate gyrus with HVEM stereo images. J. Electron Microsc. Tech. 12:80-87.
24. Harris, K.M., and S.B. Kater (1994) Dendritic spines: Cellular specializations imparting both stability and flexibility to synaptic function. Annu. Rev. Neurosci. 17:341-371.
25. Harris, K.M., and J.K. Stevens (1989) Dendritic spines of CA 1 pyramidal cells in the rat hippocampus: serial electron microscopy with reference to their biophysical characteristics. J. Neurosci. 9:2982-2997.
26. Harris, K.M., F.E. Jensen, and B. Tsao (1992) Three-dimensional structure of dendritic spines and synapses in rat hippocampus (CA1) at postnatal day 15 and adult ages: Implications for the maturation of synaptic physiology and long-term potentiation. J. Neurosci. 12:2685-2705.
27. Hessler, N.A., A.M. Shirke, and R. Malinow (1993) The probability of transmitter release at a mammalian central synapse. Nature 366:569-572.
28. Jaslove, S.W. (1992) The integrative properties of spiny distal dendrites. Neuroscience 47:495-519.
29. Jonas, P., and N. Spruston (1994) Mechanisms shaping glutamate-mediated excitatory postsynaptic currents in the CNS. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 4:366-372.
30. Jones, E.G., and T.P. Powell (1969) Morphological variations in the dendritic spines of the neocortex. J. Cell Sci. 5:509-529.
31. Koch, C., and T. Poggio (1983) A theoretical analysis of electrical properties of spines. Proc. R. Soc. London [Biol] 218:455-477.
32. Koch, C., and A. Zador (1993) The function of dendritic spines: Devices subserving biochemical rather than electrical compartmentalization. J. Neurosci. 13:413-422.
33. Lee, K.S., F. Schottler, M. Oliver, and G. Lynch (1980) Brief bursts of high-frequency stimulation produce two types of structural change in rat hippocampus. J. Neurophysiol. 44:247-258.
34. Lynch, G., J. Larson, S. Kelso, G. Barrionuevo, and F. Schottler (1983) Intracellular injections of EGTA block induction of hippocampal long-term potentiation. Nature 305:719-721.
35. Laatch, R.H., and W.M. Cowan (1966) Electron microscopic studies of the dentate gyrus of the rat. I. Normal structure with special reference to synaptic organization. J. Comp. Neurol. 128:359-396.
36. Malenka, R.C., J.A. Kauer, R.S. Zucker, and R.A. Nicoll (1988) Postsynaptic calcium is sufficient for potentiation of hippocampal synaptic transmission. Science 242:81-84.
37. Matthews, D.A., C. Cotman, and G. Lynch (1976a) An electron microscopic study of lesion-induced synaptogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat. I. Magnitude and time course of degeneration. Brain Res. 115:1-21.
38. Matthews, D.A., C. Cotman, and G. Lynch (1976b) An electron microscopic study of lesion-induced synaptogenesis in the dentate gyrus of the adult rat. II. Reappearance of morphologically normal synaptic contacts. Brain Res. 115:23-41.
39. Moser, M.B., M. Trommald, and P. Andersen (1994) An increase in dendritic spine density on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells following spatial learning in adult rats suggests the formation of new synapses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 91:12673-12675.
40. 2+ responses. Nature 354:73-61.
41. Murphy, T.H., J.M. Baraban, W.G. Wier, and L.A. Blatter (1994) Visualization of quantal synaptic transmission by dendritic calcium imaging. Science 263:529-532.
42. Parnavelas, J.G., G. Lynch, N. Brecha, C.W. Cotman, and A. Globus (1974) Spine loss and regrowth in hippocampus following deafferentation. Nature 248:71-73.
43. Perkel, D.H., and D.J. Ferkel (1985) Dendritic spines: Role of active membrane in modulating synaptic efficacy. Brain Res. 325:331-335.
44. Peters, A., and I.R. Kaiserman-Abramof (1970) The small pyramidal neuron of the rat cerebral cortex. The perikaryon, dendrites and spines. J. Anat. 127:321-355.
45. Pierce, J.P., and G.R. Lewin (1994) An ultrastructural size principle. Neuroscience 58:441-446.
46. Pierce, J.P., and L.M. Mendell (1993) Quantitative ultrastructure of 1a boutons in the ventral horn: scaling and positional relationships. J. Neurosci. 13:4748-4763.
47. Propst, J.W., and C.-P. Ko (1987) Correlations between active zone ultrastructure and synaptic function studied with freeze-fracture of physiologically identified neuromuscular junction. J. Neurosci. 7:3654-3664.
48. Raastad, M., J.F. Storm, and P. Andersen (1992) Putative single quantum and single fibre excitatory postsynaptic currents show similar amplitude range and variability in rat hippocampal slices. Eur. J. Neurosci. 4:113-117.
49. Raisman, G. (1969) Neuronal plasticity in the septal nuclei of the adult rat. Brain Res. 14:25-48.
50. Rakic, P. (1988) Specification of cerebral cortical areas. Science 241: 170-176.
51. Rall, W. (1970) Cable properties of dendrites and effect of synaptic location. In P. Andersen and J.K.S. Jansen (eds): Excitatory Synaptic Mechanisms. Oslo: Universitetsforlaget, pp. 175-187.
52. Ramón y Cajal, S. (1891) Sur la structure de l'écorce cérebrale de quelques mammifères. Cellule 7:123-176.
53. Ramón y Cajal, S. (1911) Histologie du Système Nerveux de l'Homme et des Vertebrés. Paris: Maloine.
54. Reeves, T.M., and O. Steward (1986) Emergence of the capacity for LTP during reinnervation of the dentate gyrus: Evidence that abnormally shaped spines can mediate LTP. Exp. Brain Res. 65:167-175.
55. Rosenmund, C., J.D. Clements, and G.L. Westbrook (1993) Nonuniform probability of glutamate release at a hippocampal synapse. Science 262:754-757.
56. Schuz, A. (1986) Comparison between the dimensions of dendritic spines in the cerebral cortex of newborn and adult guinea pigs. J. Comp. Neurol. 244:277-285.
57. Spacek, J., and M. Hartmann (1983) Three-dimensional analysis of dendritic spines. I. Quantitative observations related to dendritic spine and synaptic morphology in cerebral and cerebellar cortices. Anat. Embryol. 167:289-310.
58. Trommald, M., J.L. Vaaland, T.W. Blackstad, and P. Andersen (1990) Dendritic spine changes in rat dentate granule cells associated with long-term potentiation. In. A. Guidotti (ed): Neurotoxicity of Excitatory Amino Acids. New York: Raven Press, pp. 163-174.
59. Turner, D.A. (1984) Conductance transients onto dendritic spines in a segmental cable model of hippocampal neurons. Biophys. J. 46:85-96.
60. Valverde, F. (1968) Structural changes in the area striata of the mouse after enucleation. Exp. Brain Res. 5:274-92.
61. Walmsley, B. (1991) Central synaptic transmission: studies at the connection between primary afferent fibres and dorsal spinocerebellar tract (DSCT) neurones in Clarke's column of the spinal cord. Progr. Neurobiol. 36:391-423.
62. Westrum, L.E., and T.W. Blackstad (1962) An electron microscopic study of the stratum radiatum of the rat hippocampus (regio superior, CA1) with particular emphasis on synaptology. J. Comp. Neurol. 119:281-292.
63. Wigström, H., B. Gustafsson, and Y.Y. Huang (1986) Mode of action of excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists on hippocampal long-lasting potentiation. Neuroscience 17:1105-1115.
64. Wilson, C.J. (1984) Passive cable properties of dendritic spines and spiny neurons. J. Neurosci. 4:281-297.
65. Wilson, C.J., P.M. Groves, S.T. Kitai, and J.C. Linder (1983) Three-dimensional structure of dendritic spines in the rat neostriatum. J. Neurosci. 3:383-388.
66. Woolley, C.S., E. Gould, and B.S. McEwen (1990) Exposure to excess glucocorticoids alters dendritic morphology of adult hippocampal pyramidal neurons. Brain Res. 531:225-231.
67. Yuste, R., and W. Denk (1995) Dendritic spines as basic functional units of neuronal integration. Nature 375:682-684.