Comparison of induced and independent major depressive disorders in 2,945 alcoholics

American Journal of Psychiatry

Volumn 154, Issue 7, 1997, Pages 948-957

  Schuckit, Marc A ^a   Tipp, Jayson E ^a   Bergman, Michael ^a   Reich, Wendy ^a   Hesselbrock, Victor M ^a   Smith, Tom L ^a  

^a VETERANS AFFAIRS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ABSTINENCE; ADULT; ALCOHOLISM; ARTICLE; DEPRESSION; DISEASE ASSOCIATION; GENETIC PREDISPOSITION; HUMAN; MAJOR CLINICAL STUDY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROGNOSIS; REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SUBSTANCE ABUSE; TREATMENT PLANNING;

EID: 0031006296     PISSN: 0002953X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.154.7.948     Document Type: Article

References (65)

1. Regier DA, Farmer ME, Rao DS, Locke BZ, Keith SJ, Judd LL, Goodwin FK: Comorbidity of mental disorders with alcohol and other drug use. JAMA 1990; 264:2511-2518
2. Kessler RC, Nelson CB, McGonagle KA, Eclund MJ, Frank RG, Leof PJ: The epidemiology of co-occurring addictive and mental disorders. Am J Orthopsychiatry 1996; 66:17-31
3. Roy A, DeJone J, Lamparski D, George T, Linnoila M: Depression among alcoholics: relationship to clinical and cerebrospinal fluid variables. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1991; 48:428-432
4. Schuckit MA: The clinical implications of primary diagnostic groups among alcoholics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985; 42:1043-1049
5. Schuckit MA, Tipp JE, Bucholz KK, Nurnberger JI, Hesselbrock V, Crowe RR: The lifetime rates of three major mood disorders and four major anxiety disorders in alcoholics and controls. Addiction (in press)
6. Hesselbrock MN, Hesselbrock VM, Tennen H, Meyer RE, Workman KL: Methodological considerations in the assessment of depression in alcoholics. J Consult Clin Psychol 1983; 51: 399-405
7. Winokur G, Cook B, Liskow B, Fowler R: Alcoholism in manic depressive (bipolar) patients. J Stud Alcohol 1993; 54:574-576
8. Morrison JR: The family histories of manic-depressive patients with and without alcoholism. J Nerv Ment Dis 1975; 160:227-229
9. Dunner DL, Hensel BM, Fieve RR: Bipolar illness: factors in drinking behavior. Am J Psychiatry 1979; 136:583-585
10. Winokur G, Clayton P, Reich T: Manic-Depressive Illness. St Louis, CV Mosby, 1969
11. Schuckit MA: Drug and Alcohol Abuse: A Clinical Guide to Diagnosis and Treatment, 4th ed. New York, Plenum Medical, 1995
12. Birnbaum I, Taylor T, Parker E: Alcohol and sober mood state in female social drinkers. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1983; 7:362-368
13. Isbell H, Fraser HF, Wikler A, Belleville RE, Eisenman AJ: An experimental study of the etiology of "rum fits" and delirium tremens. J Stud Alcohol 1955; 16:1-33
14. Gibson S, Becker J: Changes in alcoholics' self-reported depression. Q J Stud Alcohol 1973; 34:829-836
15. Tamerin JS, Weiner S, Mendelson JH: Alcoholics' expectancies and recall of experiences during intoxication. Am J Psychiatry 1970; 126:1697-1704
16. Mayfield DG: Psychopharmacology of alcohol: affective change with intoxication, drinking behavior, and affective state. J Nerv Ment Dis 1968; 146:314-321
17. Akiskal HS: Mood disorders: clinical features, in Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry, 6th ed, vol 1. Edited by Kaplan HI, Sadock BJ. Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, 1995, pp 1123-1152
18. Brown SA, Schuckit MA: Changes in depression among abstinent alcoholics. J Stud Alcohol 1988; 49:412-417
19. Davidson KM: Diagnosis of depression in alcohol dependence: changes in prevalence with drinking status. Br J Psychiatry 1995; 166:199-204
20. Willenbring ML: Measurement of depression in alcoholics. J Stud Alcohol 1986; 47:367-372
21. Pettinati HM, Sugerman A, Maurer HS: Four-year MMPI changes in abstinent and drinking alcoholics. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1982; 6:487-494
22. Penick EC, Powell BJ, Liskow BI, Jackson JO, Nickel EJ: The stability of coexisting psychiatric syndromes in alcoholic men after one year. J Stud Alcohol 1988; 49:395-405
23. Dackis CA, Gold MS, Pottash ALC: Evaluating depression in alcoholics. Psychiatry Res 1986; 17:105-109
24. Coryell W, Keller M, Endicott J, Andreasen N, Clayton P, Hirschfeld R: Bipolar II illness: course and outcome over a five-year period. Psychol Med 1989; 19:129-141
25. Pottenger M, McKernon J, Patrie LE, Weismann MM, Ruben HL, Newberry P: The frequency of persistence of depressive symptoms in the alcohol abuser. J Nerv Ment Dis 1978; 166: 562-570
26. O'Sullivan K, Whillans P, Daly M, Carroll B, Clare A, Cooney J: A comparison of alcoholics with and without coexisting affective disorder. Br J Psychiatry 1983; 143:133-138
27. Rounsaville BJ, Kosten TR, Weissman MM, Kleber HD: Prognostic significance of psychopathology in treated opiate addicts. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1986; 43:739-745
28. Gerard DL, Saenger G, Wile R: The abstinent alcoholic. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1962; 6:99-111
29. Powell BJ, Penick EC, Nickel EJ, Liskow BI, Riesenmy KD, Campion SL, Brown EF: Outcomes of co-morbid alcoholic men: a 1-year follow-up. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1992; 16:131-138
30. Penick EC, Powell BJ, Nickel EJ, Bingham SF, Riesenmy KR, Read MR, Campbell J: Co-morbidity of lifetime psychiatric disorder among male alcoholic patients. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1994; 18:1289-1293
31. Hesselbrock VM, Hesselbrock MN, Workman-Daniels KL: Effect of major depression and antisocial personality on alcoholism: course and motivational patterns. J Stud Alcohol 1986; 47: 207-212
32. Schuckit MA, Tipp JE, Smith TL, Bucholz KK: Periods of abstinence following the onset of alcohol dependence in 2,230 men and women. J Stud Alcohol (in press)
33. Cornelius JR, Salloum IM, Mezzich J, Cornelius MD, Fabrega HF Jr, Ehler JG, Ulrich RF, Thase ME, Mann JJ: Disproportionate suicidality in patients with comorbid major depression and alcoholism. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:358-364
34. Schuckit M: Alcoholic patients with secondary depression. Am J Psychiatry 1983; 140:711-714
35. Mason BJ, Kocsis JH, Ritvo EC, Cutler RB: A double-blind placebo-controlled trial of desipramine in primary alcoholics stratified on the presence or absence of major depression. JAMA 1996; 275:1-7
36. Powell BJ, Read MR, Penick EC, Miller NS, Bingham SF: Primary and secondary depression in alcoholic men: an important distinction? J Clin Psychiatry 1987; 48:98-101
37. Hasegawa K, Mukasa H, Nakazawa Y, Kodama H, Nakamura K: Primary and secondary depression in alcoholism - clinical features and family history. Drug Alcohol Depend 1991; 27: 275-281
38. Weissman MM, Pottenger M, Kleber H, Ruber HL, Williams D, Thompson WD: Symptom patterns in primary and secondary depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1977; 34:854-862
39. Hesselbrock V, Tennen H, Stabenau J, Hesselbrock M: Affective disorder in alcoholism. Int J Addict 1983; 18:435-444
40. Schuckit MA, Hesselbrock VM, Tipp J, Nurnberger JI, Anthenelli RM, Crowe RR: The prevalence of major anxiety disorders in relatives of alcohol-dependent men and women. J Stud Alcohol 1995; 56:309-317
41. Schuckit MA, Tipp JE, Anthenelli RM, Bucholz KK, Hesselbrock VM, Nurnberger JI Jr: Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa in alcohol-dependent men and women and their relatives. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153:74-82
42. Bucholz KK, Cadoret R, Cloninger CR, Dinwiddie SH, Hesselbrock VM, Nurnberger JI Jr, Reich T, Schmidt I, Schuckit MA: A new, semi-structured psychiatric interview for use in genetic linkage studies: a report on the reliability of the SSAGA. J Stud Alcohol 1994; 55:149-158
43. Feighner JP, Robins E, Guze SB, Woodruff RA Jr, Winokur G, Munoz R: Diagnostic criteria for use in psychiatric research. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1972; 26:57-63
44. Cohen J: A power primer. Psychol Bull 1992; 112:115-159
45. Woodruff RA, Guze SB, Clayton PJ, Carr D: Alcoholism and depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1973; 28:97-100
46. Brown SA, Inaba RK, Gillin JC, Schuckit MA, Stewart MA, Irwin MR: Alcoholism and affective disorder: clinical course of depressive symptoms. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:45-52
47. Merry J, Reynolds CM, Bailey J, Coppen A: Prophylactic treatment of alcoholism by lithium carbonate: a controlled study. Lancet 1976; 2:481-482
48. McGrath PJ, Nunes EV, Stewart JW, Goldman D, Agosti V, Ocepek-Welikson K, Quitkin FM: Imipramine treatment of alcoholics with primary depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996; 53:232-240
49. Mueller TI, Lavori PW, Keller MB, Swartz A, Warshaw M, Hasin D, Coryell W, Endicott J, Rice J, Akiskal H: Prognostic effect of the variable course of alcoholism on the 10-year course of depression. Am J Psychiatry 1994; 151:701-706
50. Merikangas KR, Leckman JF, Prusoff BA, Pauls DL, Weissman MM: Familial transmission of depression and alcoholism. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1985; 42:367-372
51. Winokur G, Coryell W, Akiskal HS, Maser JD, Keller MB, Endicott J, Mueller T: Alcoholism in manic-depressive (bipolar) illness: familial illness, course of illness, and the primary-secondary distinction. Am J Psychiatry 1995; 152:365-372; correction, 152:1106
52. Aneshensel CS, Huba GJ: Depression, alcohol use, and smoking over one year: a four-wave longitudinal causal model. J Abnorm Psychol 1983; 92:134-150
53. Schuckit MA, Smith TL: An 8-year follow-up of 450 sons of alcoholic and control subjects. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1996; 53: 202-210
54. Hill SY, Hruska DR: Childhood psychopathology in families with multigenerational alcoholism. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1992; 31:1024-1030
55. Merikangas KR, Prusoff BA, Weissman MM: Parental concordance for affective disorders. J Affect Disord 1988; 15:279-290
56. Reich W, Earls F, Frankel O, Shayka JJ: Psychopathology in children of alcoholics. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1993; 32:995-1002
57. Knop J, Goodwin DW, Jensen P, Penick E, Pollock V, Gabrielli W, Teasdale TW, Mednick SA: A 30-year follow-up study of the sons of alcoholic men. Acta Psychiatr Scand 1993; 370:48-53
58. Harrington R, Fudge H, Rutter M, Pickles A, Hill J: Adult outcomes of childhood and adolescent depression. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1990; 47:465-473
59. Rao U, Ryan ND, Birmaher B, Dahl RE, Williamson DE, Kaufman J, Rao R, Nelson B: Unipolar depression in adolescents: clinical outcome in adulthood. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 1995; 34:566-578
60. Kendler KS, Walters EE, Neale MC, Kessler RC, Heath AC, Eaves LJ: The structure of the genetic and environmental risk factors for six major psychiatric disorders in women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1995; 52:374-383
61. Winokur G: The development and validity of familial subtypes in primary unipolar depression. Pharmacopsychiatry 1982; 15: 142-146
62. Cadoret RJ, Winokur G, Langbehn D, Troughton E, Yates WR, Stewart MA: Depression spectrum disease, I: the role of gene-environment interaction. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 153:892-899
63. Liskow BI, Goodwin DW: Pharmacological treatment of alcohol intoxication, withdrawal and dependence: a critical review. J Stud Alcohol 1987; 48:356-370
64. Litten RZ, Allen JP: Pharmacotherapies for alcoholism: promising agents and clinical issues. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 1991; 15: 620-633
65. Ciraulo DA, Alderson LM, Chapron DJ, Jaffe JH, Subbarao B, Kramer PA: Imipramine disposition in alcoholics. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1982; 2:2-7