A semi-quantitative approach to the selection of appropriate candidate plant molluscicides - A South African application

Journal of Ethnopharmacology

Volumn 56, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 1-13

  Clark, T E ^a   Appleton, C C ^b   Drewes, S E ^b  

^a Durban Natural Science Museum   (South Africa)

^b UNIVERSITY OF KWAZULU NATAL   (South Africa)

Author keywords

Plant molluscicide; Schistosomiasis; Scoring system

Indexed keywords

MOLLUSCACIDE; PLANT EXTRACT;

ARTICLE; DRUG POTENCY; ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY; GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION; LD 50; SCHISTOSOMIASIS; SOUTH AFRICA;

ANIMALS; BULINUS; DRUG EVALUATION, PRECLINICAL; ETHNOBOTANY; MOLLUSCACIDES; PLANTS, MEDICINAL; PLANTS, TOXIC; SCHISTOSOMIASIS; SOUTH AFRICA;

EID: 0030995254     PISSN: 03788741     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0378-8741(96)01495-X     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. Adewunmi, C.O. and Sofowora, E.A. (1980) Preliminary screening of some plant extracts for molluscicidal activity. Planta Medica 39, 57-65.
2. Anand, N. and Nityanand, S. (1984) Integrated approach to development of new drugs from plants and indigenous remedies. In: Krogsgaard-Larsen, P., Brøgger Christensen, S. and Kofod, H. (Eds.), Natural Products and Drug Development, Munksgaard, Copenhagen, pp. 78-93.
3. Appleton, C.C. (1985) Molluscicides in bilharziasis control - the South African experience. South African Journal of Science 81, 356-360.
4. Appleton, C.C., Drewes, S.E., Mashimbye, M.J. and Cunningham, A.B. (1994) Preliminary observations of the molluscicidal properties of warburganal and endod on South African Bulinus africanus. Journal of Medical and Applied Malacology 4, 37-40.
5. Archibald, R.G. (1933) The use of the fruit of the tree Balanites aegyptiaca in the control of schistosomiasis in the Sudan. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 27(2), 207-210.
6. Arnold, T.H. and De Wet, B.C. (1993) Plants of Southern Africa: Names and Distribution. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa, No. 62, National Botanical Institute, Pretoria.
7. Basch, P.F. (1993) Schistosomes. Development, Reproduction and Host Relations. Oxford University Press, New York.
8. Clark, T.E. (1995) Plant molluscicides for snail control in the South African context. University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg (Ph.D. Thesis).
9. Coates Palgrave, K. (1990) Trees of Southern Africa. Struik, Cape Town.
10. Combes, C. and Cheng, T.C. (1986) Control of biomedically important molluscs. Archives del l'Institut Pasteur d'Algerie 55, 153-193.
11. Cooppan, R.M., Schutte, C.H.J., Mayet, F.G.H., Dingle, C.E., Van Deventer, J.M.G. and Mosese, P.O. (1986) Morbidity from urinary schistosomiasis in relation to intensity of infection in the Natal province of South Africa. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 35, 765-776.
12. Cooper Weil, D.E., Alicbusan, A.P., Wilson, J.F., Reich, M.R. and Bradley, D.J. (1990) The Impact of Development Policies on Health. A Review of the Literature. World Health Organization, Geneva.
13. Cox, P.A. (1990) Ethnopharmacology and the search for new drugs. In: Chadwick, D.J. and Marsh, J. (Eds.), Bioactive Compounds From Plants. Ciba Foundation Symposium 154, John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 40-55.
14. Duke, S.O. (1990) Natural pesticides from plants. In: Janick, J. and Simon, J.E. (Eds.), Advances in New Crops. Timber Press, Oregon, USA, pp. 511-517.
15. Duncan, J. (1985) The toxicology of plant molluscicides. Pharmacology and Therapeutics 27, 243-264.
16. Duncan, J. and Sturrock, R.F. (1987) Laboratory evaluation of potential plant molluscicides. In: Mott, K.E. (Ed.), Plant Molluscicides, John Wiley, Chichester.
17. Farnsworth, N.R. (1984) The role of medicinal plants in drug development. In: Krogsgaard-Larsen, P., Brøgger Christensen, S. and Kofod, H. (Eds.), Natural Products and Drug Development. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, pp. 17-30.
18. Farnsworth, N.R. and Morris, R.W. (1976) Higher plants - the sleeping giant of drug development. American Journal of Pharmacology 148(2), 46-52.
19. Farnsworth, N.R., Loub, W.D., Quinn, M.L., Cordell, G.A. and Soejarto, D.D. (1979) A computerised natural products information system. Journal of Natural Products 42, 689.
20. Farnsworth, N.R., Akerele, O., Bingel, A.S., Soejarto, D.D. and Guo, Z.G. (1985) Medicinal plants in therapy. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 63, 965-981.
21. Farnsworth, N.R., Henderson, T.O. and Soejarto, D.D. (1987) Plants with potential molluscicidal activity. In: Mott, K.E. (Ed.), Plant Molluscicides. John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 131-204.
22. Freitas, J.C., Presgrave, O.A., Fingola, F.F., Menezes, M.A., Vasconcellos, M.C., Schall, V.T. and Paumgartten, F.J. (1991) Toxicological study of the molluscicidal latex of Euphorbia splendens: irritant action on skin and eyes. Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil 86, 87-88.
23. Gibbs Russel, G.E., Reid, C., Van Rooy, J. and Snook, L. (1985) List of Plant Species of Southern Africa. Part 1. Cryptogams, Gymnosperms, Monocotyledons. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa No. 51, Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria.
24. Gibbs Russel, G.E., Welman, W.G., Retief, E., Immelman, K.L., Germishuizen, G., Pienaar, B.J., Van Wyk, M. and Nicholas, A. (1987) List of Species of Southern African Plants. Part 2. Dicotyledons. 2nd Edition. Memoirs of the Botanical Survey of South Africa No. 56, Botanical Research Institute, Pretoria.
25. Hedberg, I. (1987) Research on medicinal and poisonous plants of the tropics - past, present and future. In: Leeuwenberg, A.J.M. (Ed.), Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of the Tropics. Pudoc Wageningen, Netherlands, pp. 9-15.
26. Henderson, T.O., Farnsworth, N.R. and Myers, T.C. (1987) Biochemistry of recognised molluscicidal compounds of plant origin. In: Mott, K.E. (Ed.), Plant Molluscicides. John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 109-130.
27. Hostettmann, K. (1984) On the use of plants and plant derived compounds for the control of schistosomiasis. Naturwissenschaften 71, 247-251.
28. Hostettmann, K. and Marston, A. (1987) Plant molluscicide research - an update. In: Mott, K.E. (Ed.), Plant Molluscicides. John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 299-320.
29. Jordan, P. and Webbe, G. (1982) Schistosomiasis. Epidemiology, Treatment and Control. William Heinemann Medical Books Ltd., London.
30. Kingsbury, J.M. (1979) The problem of poisonous plants. In: Kinghorn, A.D. (Ed.), Toxic Plants. Columbia University Press, New York, pp. 1-6.
31. Kloos, H. and McCullough, F. (1982) Plant molluscicides. Planta Medica 46, 195-209.
32. Kloos, H. and McCullough, F.S. (1985) Ethiopian plants with proven and suspected molluscicidal activity: a new approach in plant evaluation. Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 88, 189-196.
33. Kloos, H. and McCullough, F.S. (1987) Plants with recognised molluscicidal activity. In: Mott, K.E. (Ed.), Plant Molluscicides. John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 45-108.
34. Koeman, J.H. (1987) Toxicologic screening of molluscicidal plant products. In: Mott, K.E. (Ed.), Plant Molluscicides. John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 245-249.
35. Lambert, J.D.H., Temmink, J.H.M., Marquis, J., Parkhurst, R.M., Lugt, Ch. B., Lemmich, E., Wolde-Yohannes, L. and De Savigny, D. (1991) Endod: safety evaluation of a plant molluscicide. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology 14, 189-201.
36. Lawton, J.R., Govender, H. and Rogers, C.B. (1991) Mollic acid glucoside a possible (third world) answer to the control of schistosomiasis in south central Africa. Planta Medica 57 (suppl. 2), A74.
37. Lemma, A. (1965) A preliminary report on the molluscicidal property of endod (Phytolacca dodecandra). Ethiopian Medical Journal 3, 187-190.
38. Lemma, A., Heyneman, D. and Kloos, H. (Eds.) (1979) Studies on the Molluscicidal and Other Properties of the Endod Plant. Phytolacca dodecandra. Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
39. Lewis, G.E. and Reavall, P.E. (1990) Barringtonia racemosa - an interesting zulu medicinal tree. Unpublished Document.
40. Lugt, Ch.B. (1987) Feasibility of growth and production of molluscicidal plants. In: Mott, K.E. (Ed.), Plant Molluscicides. John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 231-244.
41. Maegraith, B. (1958) Schistosomiasis in China. The Lancet 1 (7013), 208-213.
42. Madsen, H. (1990) Biological methods for the control of freshwater snails. Parasitology Today 6(7), 237-240.
43. Marston, A. and Hostettmann, K. (1985) Plant molluscicides. Phytochemistry 24(4), 639-652.
44. McCullough, F.S. and Mott, K.E. (1983) The Role of Molluscicides in Schistosomiasis Control. WHO document, WHO/ SCHISTO/83.72.
45. McCullough, F.S., Gayral, P., Duncan, J. and Christie, J.D. (1980) Molluscicides in schistosomiasis control. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 58(5), 681-689.
46. Mott, K.E. (Ed.) (1987a) Plant Molluscicides. John Wiley, Chichester.
47. Mott, K.E. (Ed.) (1987b) Guidelines for the evaluation of plant molluscicides. In: Mott, K.E. (Ed.), Plant Molluscicides. John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 321-323.
48. Nigg, H.N. and Siegler, D.S. (1992) Future for natural products. In: Nigg, H.N. and Siegler, D.S. (Eds.), Phytochemical Resources for Medicine and Agriculture. Plenum Press, New York, pp. 369-376.
49. Pretorius, S.J. (1988) Plant molluscicides. South African Journal of Science 84, 139.
50. Pretorius, S.J., Joubert, P.H. and Evans, A.C. (1988) A re-evaluation of the molluscicidal properties of the torchwood tree, Balanites maughamii Sprague. South African Journal of Science 84, 201-202.
51. Pretorius, S.J., Joubert, P.H., Scott, A.H. and Fourie, T.G. (1991) The molluscicidal properties of Apodytes dimidiata subsp. dimidiata (Icacinaceae). Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 44, 159-165.
52. Sofowora, A. (1982) Medicinal Plants and Traditional Medicine in Africa. John Wiley, Chichester, pp. 54-65.
53. Von Reis, S. and Lipp, F.J. (1982) New Plant Sources for Drugs and Foods from the New York Botanical Garden Herbarium. Harvard University Press, Cambridge.
54. Wager, V.A. (1936) The possibility of eradicating bilharzia by extensive planting of the tree Balanites. South African Medical Journal 10, 10-11.
55. Watt, J.M. and Breyer-Brandwijk, M.G. (1962) The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern and Eastern Africa. 2nd Edition. Livingstone, Edinburgh.
56. Webbe, G. (1987) The use of molluscicides in the control of human trematode infections. In: Webbe, G. (Ed.), The Toxicology of Molluscicides. Pergamon Press, Oxford, pp. 1-11.
57. WHO (1965) Molluscicide screening and evaluation. Bulletin of the World Health Organization 33, 567-581.
58. WHO (1983) Report of the Scientific Working Group on Plant Molluscicides. UNDP/World Bank/WHO special programme for research and training. WHO Document, TDR/ SCH-SWG(4)/83.3.
59. WHO (1984) Guidelines for the evaluation of plant molluscicides. In: Lemma, A., Heyneman, D. and Silangwa, S.M. (Eds.), Phytolacca dodecandra (endod). Tycooly International, Dublin, pp. 121-124.
60. WHO, (1992) The Role of Mollusciciding in Schistosomiasis Control. WHO Document, WHO/SCHISTO/92.107.