메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 116, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 315-322

Isolation, characterization and comparison of a novel crustacean toxin with a mammalian toxin from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann

Author keywords

amino acid sequence; Centruroides noxius; crustacean specific toxin; scorpion toxins; sodium channel; species specificity; three dimensional modelling

Indexed keywords

TOXIN;

EID: 0030994091     PISSN: 03050491     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0305-0491(96)00246-5     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (24)

References (55)
  • 1
    • 0018873513 scopus 로고
    • Neurotoxins that act on voltage-sensitive sodium channels in excitable membranes
    • Catterall, W. Neurotoxins that act on voltage-sensitive sodium channels in excitable membranes. Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. 20:15-43;1980.
    • (1980) Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol. , vol.20 , pp. 15-43
    • Catterall, W.1
  • 2
    • 0018400724 scopus 로고
    • Scorpion toxins: Chemistry and mode of action
    • Ceccarelli, B.; Clementi, F. (Eds). New York: Raven Press
    • Rochat, H.; Bernard, P.; Couraud, F. Scorpion toxins: chemistry and mode of action. In Ceccarelli, B.; Clementi, F. (Eds). Advances in Cytopharmacology, Vol. 3B. New York: Raven Press; 1979:325-334.
    • (1979) Advances in Cytopharmacology , vol.3 B , pp. 325-334
    • Rochat, H.1    Bernard, P.2    Couraud, F.3
  • 6
    • 0027466723 scopus 로고
    • Purification and characterization of chlorotoxin, a chloride channel ligand from the venom of the scorpion
    • DeBin, J.A.; Maggio, J.E.; Strichartz, G.R. Purification and characterization of chlorotoxin, a chloride channel ligand from the venom of the scorpion. Cell. Physiol. 264:C361-C369;1993.
    • (1993) Cell. Physiol. , vol.264
    • DeBin, J.A.1    Maggio, J.E.2    Strichartz, G.R.3
  • 7
    • 0027052259 scopus 로고
    • Scorpion toxins targeted against the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca (2 +)-release channel of skeletal and cardiac muscle
    • Valdivia, H.H.; Kirby, M.S.; Lederer, W.J.; Coronado, R. Scorpion toxins targeted against the sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca (2 +)-release channel of skeletal and cardiac muscle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89:12185-12189;1992.
    • (1992) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA , vol.89 , pp. 12185-12189
    • Valdivia, H.H.1    Kirby, M.S.2    Lederer, W.J.3    Coronado, R.4
  • 8
    • 0001763345 scopus 로고
    • Structure of scorpion toxins
    • New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.
    • Possani, L.D. Structure of scorpion toxins. In Handbook of Natural Toxins, Vol. 2. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.; 1984: 513-550.
    • (1984) Handbook of Natural Toxins , vol.2 , pp. 513-550
    • Possani, L.D.1
  • 11
    • 0026418431 scopus 로고
    • Refined structure of Charybdotoxin: Common motifs in scorpion toxins and insect defensins
    • Bontems, F.; Roumestand, C.; Gilquin, B.; Ménez, A.; Toma, F. Refined structure of Charybdotoxin: common motifs in scorpion toxins and insect defensins. Science 254:1521-1523; 1991.
    • (1991) Science , vol.254 , pp. 1521-1523
    • Bontems, F.1    Roumestand, C.2    Gilquin, B.3    Ménez, A.4    Toma, F.5
  • 13
    • 0028070528 scopus 로고
    • Primary and NMR three-dimensional structure determination of a novel crustacean toxin from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides limpidus limpidus Karsch
    • Lebreton, F.; Delepierre, M.; Ramírez, A.N.; Balderas, C.; Possani, L.D. Primary and NMR three-dimensional structure determination of a novel crustacean toxin from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides limpidus limpidus Karsch. Biochem. 33:11135-11149;1994.
    • (1994) Biochem. , vol.33 , pp. 11135-11149
    • Lebreton, F.1    Delepierre, M.2    Ramírez, A.N.3    Balderas, C.4    Possani, L.D.5
  • 14
    • 0028047401 scopus 로고
    • Solution structure of the variant-3 neurotoxin from Centruroides sculpturatus Ewing
    • Lee, W.; Moore, C.H.; Watt, D.D.; Rama Krishna, N. Solution structure of the variant-3 neurotoxin from Centruroides sculpturatus Ewing. Eur. J. Biochem. 218:89-95;1994.
    • (1994) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.218 , pp. 89-95
    • Lee, W.1    Moore, C.H.2    Watt, D.D.3    Rama Krishna, N.4
  • 15
    • 0028233375 scopus 로고
    • Crystal structure of toxin II from the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector refined at 1.3 A resolution
    • Housset, D.; Habersetzer-Rochat, C.; Astier, J.-P.; Fontecilla-Camps J.C. Crystal structure of toxin II from the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector refined at 1.3 A resolution. J. Mol. Biol. 238:88-103;1994.
    • (1994) J. Mol. Biol. , vol.238 , pp. 88-103
    • Housset, D.1    Habersetzer-Rochat, C.2    Astier, J.-P.3    Fontecilla-Camps, J.C.4
  • 16
    • 0025921886 scopus 로고
    • Two-dimensional 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance study of AaH IT, an anti-insect toxin from the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector. Sequential resonance assignments and folding of the polypeptide chain
    • Darbon, H.; Weber, C.; Braun, W. Two-dimensional 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance study of AaH IT, an anti-insect toxin from the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector. Sequential resonance assignments and folding of the polypeptide chain. Biochem. 30:1836-1845;1991.
    • (1991) Biochem. , vol.30 , pp. 1836-1845
    • Darbon, H.1    Weber, C.2    Braun, W.3
  • 17
    • 0025303099 scopus 로고
    • A scorpion venom neurotoxin paralytic to insects that affects sodium current inactivation: Purification, primary structure and mode of action
    • Eitan, M.; Fowler, E.; Herrmann, R.; Duval, A.; Pelhate, M.; Zlotkin, E. A scorpion venom neurotoxin paralytic to insects that affects sodium current inactivation: purification, primary structure and mode of action. Biochem. 29:5941-5947;1990.
    • (1990) Biochem. , vol.29 , pp. 5941-5947
    • Eitan, M.1    Fowler, E.2    Herrmann, R.3    Duval, A.4    Pelhate, M.5    Zlotkin, E.6
  • 18
    • 0022547492 scopus 로고
    • Tityus serrulatus toxin VII bears pharmacological properties of both β-toxin and insect toxin from scorpion venoms
    • De Lima, M.E.; Martin, M.F.; Diniz, C.R.; Rochat, H. Tityus serrulatus toxin VII bears pharmacological properties of both β-toxin and insect toxin from scorpion venoms. Biochem. Biophys. Research Commun. 139:296-302;1986.
    • (1986) Biochem. Biophys. Research Commun. , vol.139 , pp. 296-302
    • De Lima, M.E.1    Martin, M.F.2    Diniz, C.R.3    Rochat, H.4
  • 19
    • 0026080931 scopus 로고
    • An anti-insect toxin purified from the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector also acts on the α-and β-sites of the mammalian sodium channel: Sequence and circular dichroism study
    • Loret, E.P.; Martin-Eauclaire, M.-F.; Mansuelle, P.; Sampieri, F.; Granier, C.; Rochat H. An anti-insect toxin purified from the scorpion Androctonus australis Hector also acts on the α-and β-sites of the mammalian sodium channel: sequence and circular dichroism study. Biochem. 30:633-640;1991.
    • (1991) Biochem. , vol.30 , pp. 633-640
    • Loret, E.P.1    Martin-Eauclaire, M.-F.2    Mansuelle, P.3    Sampieri, F.4    Granier, C.5    Rochat, H.6
  • 20
    • 0030009637 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Scorpion toxins affecting sodium current inactivation bind to distinct homologous receptor sites on rat brain and insect sodium channels
    • Gordon, D.; Martin-Eauclaire, M.F.; Cestèle, S.; Kopeyan, E.C.; Khalifa, R.B.; Pelhate, M.; Rochat, H. Scorpion toxins affecting sodium current inactivation bind to distinct homologous receptor sites on rat brain and insect sodium channels. J. Biol. Chem. 271:8034-8045;1996.
    • (1996) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.271 , pp. 8034-8045
    • Gordon, D.1    Martin-Eauclaire, M.F.2    Cestèle, S.3    Kopeyan, E.C.4    Khalifa, R.B.5    Pelhate, M.6    Rochat, H.7
  • 21
    • 0019181273 scopus 로고
    • Two types of scorpion neurotoxins characterized by their binding to two separate receptor sites on rat brain synaptosomes
    • Jover, E.; Couraud, F.; Rochat, H. Two types of scorpion neurotoxins characterized by their binding to two separate receptor sites on rat brain synaptosomes. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 64:1607-1614;1980.
    • (1980) Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. , vol.64 , pp. 1607-1614
    • Jover, E.1    Couraud, F.2    Rochat, H.3
  • 22
    • 0026166997 scopus 로고
    • Structure and function of voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels
    • Catterall, W.A. Structure and function of voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels. Current Opinion Neurobiol. 1: 5-13;1991.
    • (1991) Current Opinion Neurobiol. , vol.1 , pp. 5-13
    • Catterall, W.A.1
  • 23
    • 0020548843 scopus 로고
    • Classification of Na channel receptors specific for various scorpion toxins
    • Wheeler, K.P.; Watt, D.D.; Lazdunski, M. Classification of Na channel receptors specific for various scorpion toxins. Pflügers Arch. 97:164-165;1983.
    • (1983) Pflügers Arch. , vol.97 , pp. 164-165
    • Wheeler, K.P.1    Watt, D.D.2    Lazdunski, M.3
  • 24
    • 0021722502 scopus 로고
    • Biochemical and electrophysiological characteristics of toxins isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides sculpturatus
    • Paris
    • Meves, H.; Simard, J.M.; Watt, D.D. Biochemical and electrophysiological characteristics of toxins isolated from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides sculpturatus. J. Physiol., Paris 79: 185-191;1984.
    • (1984) J. Physiol. , vol.79 , pp. 185-191
    • Meves, H.1    Simard, J.M.2    Watt, D.D.3
  • 25
    • 0023779714 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of two toxins from the Mexican scorpion Centruroides limpidus limpidus Karsch
    • Alagón, A.C.; Guzman, H.S.; Martin, B.M.; Ramírez, A.N.; Carbone, E.; Possani, L.D. Isolation and characterization of two toxins from the Mexican scorpion Centruroides limpidus limpidus Karsch. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 89B:153-161; 1988.
    • (1988) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , vol.89 B , pp. 153-161
    • Alagón, A.C.1    Guzman, H.S.2    Martin, B.M.3    Ramírez, A.N.4    Carbone, E.5    Possani, L.D.6
  • 26
    • 0028981060 scopus 로고
    • α-Scorpion toxins binding on rat brain and insect sodium channels reveal divergent allosteric modulations by brevetoxin and veratridine
    • Cestèle, S.; Khalifa, R.B.; Pelhate, M.; Rochat, H.; Gordon, D. α-Scorpion toxins binding on rat brain and insect sodium channels reveal divergent allosteric modulations by brevetoxin and veratridine. J. Biol. Chem. 270:15153-15161; 1995.
    • (1995) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.270 , pp. 15153-15161
    • Cestèle, S.1    Khalifa, R.B.2    Pelhate, M.3    Rochat, H.4    Gordon, D.5
  • 27
    • 0023910951 scopus 로고
    • Effects of New World scorpion toxins on single-channel and whole cell cardiac sodium currents
    • Yatani, A.; Kirsch, G.E.; Possani, L.D.; Brown, M. Effects of New World scorpion toxins on single-channel and whole cell cardiac sodium currents. Am. J. Physiol. 254:H443-H451; 1988.
    • (1988) Am. J. Physiol. , vol.254
    • Yatani, A.1    Kirsch, G.E.2    Possani, L.D.3    Brown, M.4
  • 28
    • 0022256583 scopus 로고
    • An excitatory and a depressant insect toxin from scorpion venom both affect sodium conductance and possess a common binding site
    • Zlotkin, E.; Kadouri, D.; Gordon, D.; Pelhate, M.; Martin M.F.; Rochat, H. An excitatory and a depressant insect toxin from scorpion venom both affect sodium conductance and possess a common binding site. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 240: 877-887;1985.
    • (1985) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.240 , pp. 877-887
    • Zlotkin, E.1    Kadouri, D.2    Gordon, D.3    Pelhate, M.4    Martin, M.F.5    Rochat, H.6
  • 29
    • 0021682684 scopus 로고
    • The binding of the insect-selective neurotoxin (AalT) from scorpion venom to locust synaptosomal membranes
    • Gordon, D.; Jover, E.; Couraud, F.; Zlotkin E. The binding of the insect-selective neurotoxin (AalT) from scorpion venom to locust synaptosomal membranes. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 778:349-358;1984.
    • (1984) Biochim. Biophys. Acta , vol.778 , pp. 349-358
    • Gordon, D.1    Jover, E.2    Couraud, F.3    Zlotkin, E.4
  • 30
    • 0027345162 scopus 로고
    • Depressant insect selective neurotoxins from scorpion venom: Chemistry, action, and gene cloning
    • Zlotkin, E.; Gurevitz, M.; Fowler, E.; Adams M.E. Depressant insect selective neurotoxins from scorpion venom: chemistry, action, and gene cloning. Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 22: 55-73;1993.
    • (1993) Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. , vol.22 , pp. 55-73
    • Zlotkin, E.1    Gurevitz, M.2    Fowler, E.3    Adams, M.E.4
  • 31
    • 0026801059 scopus 로고
    • Localization of receptor sites for insect-selective toxins on sodium channels by site-directed antibodies
    • Gordon, D.; Moskowitz, H.; Eitan, M.; Warner, C.; Catterall, W.A.; Zlotkin, E. Localization of receptor sites for insect-selective toxins on sodium channels by site-directed antibodies. Biochem. 31:7622-7628;1992.
    • (1992) Biochem. , vol.31 , pp. 7622-7628
    • Gordon, D.1    Moskowitz, H.2    Eitan, M.3    Warner, C.4    Catterall, W.A.5    Zlotkin, E.6
  • 32
    • 0000393703 scopus 로고
    • The amino terminal sequence of several toxins from the venom of the Mexican scorpion Centruoides noxius Hoffmann
    • Possani, L.D.; Dent, M.A.R.; Martin, B.M.; Maelicke, A.; Svendsen, I. The amino terminal sequence of several toxins from the venom of the Mexican scorpion Centruoides noxius Hoffmann. Carlsberg Res. Commun. 46:207-214; 1981.
    • (1981) Carlsberg Res. Commun. , vol.46 , pp. 207-214
    • Possani, L.D.1    Dent, M.A.R.2    Martin, B.M.3    Maelicke, A.4    Svendsen, I.5
  • 33
    • 36949089946 scopus 로고
    • Disk electrophoresis of basic proteins and peptides on polyacrylamide gels
    • Reisfeld, R.A.; Lewis, V.J.; Williams, D.E. Disk electrophoresis of basic proteins and peptides on polyacrylamide gels. Nature 195:281-285;1979.
    • (1979) Nature , vol.195 , pp. 281-285
    • Reisfeld, R.A.1    Lewis, V.J.2    Williams, D.E.3
  • 34
    • 0014949207 scopus 로고
    • Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4
    • Laemmli, U.K. Cleavage of structural proteins during the assembly of the head of bacteriophage T4. Nature 227:680-685; 1970.
    • (1970) Nature , vol.227 , pp. 680-685
    • Laemmli, U.K.1
  • 36
    • 0023751861 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid sequence and physiological characterization of toxins from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides limpidus tecomanus Hoffmann
    • Martin, B.M.; Carbone, E.; Yatani, A.; Brown, A.M.; Ramírez, A.N.; Gurrola, G.B.; Possani, L.D. Amino acid sequence and physiological characterization of toxins from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides limpidus tecomanus Hoffmann. Toxicon 26:785-794;1988.
    • (1988) Toxicon , vol.26 , pp. 785-794
    • Martin, B.M.1    Carbone, E.2    Yatani, A.3    Brown, A.M.4    Ramírez, A.N.5    Gurrola, G.B.6    Possani, L.D.7
  • 37
    • 0028593847 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and pharmacological characterization of four novel Na+ channel-blocking toxins from the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann
    • Valdivia, H.H.; Martin, B.M.; Ramírez, A.N.; Fletcher, P.L.; Possani, L.D. Isolation and pharmacological characterization of four novel Na+ channel-blocking toxins from the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann. J. Biochem. 116:1383-1391; 1994.
    • (1994) J. Biochem. , vol.116 , pp. 1383-1391
    • Valdivia, H.H.1    Martin, B.M.2    Ramírez, A.N.3    Fletcher, P.L.4    Possani, L.D.5
  • 38
    • 0025855135 scopus 로고
    • Discharge effect on pancreatic exocrine secretion produced by toxins purified from Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom
    • Possani, L.D.; Martin, B.M.; Fletcher, M.D.; Fletcher, P.L. Discharge effect on pancreatic exocrine secretion produced by toxins purified from Tityus serrulatus scorpion venom. J. Biol. Chem. 266:3178-3185;1991.
    • (1991) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.266 , pp. 3178-3185
    • Possani, L.D.1    Martin, B.M.2    Fletcher, M.D.3    Fletcher, P.L.4
  • 41
    • 0024844960 scopus 로고
    • Precursors of Androctonus australis Hector
    • Bougis, P.E.; Rochat, H.; Smith, L.A. Precursors of Androctonus australis Hector. J. Biol. Chem. 264:19259-19265; 1989.
    • (1989) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.264 , pp. 19259-19265
    • Bougis, P.E.1    Rochat, H.2    Smith, L.A.3
  • 42
    • 0027499859 scopus 로고
    • Primary structure determination and cloning of the cDNA encoding toxin 4 of the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann
    • Vázquez, A.; Becerril, B.; Martin, B.M.; Zamudio, F.; Bolivar, F.; Possani, L.D. Primary structure determination and cloning of the cDNA encoding toxin 4 of the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann. FEBS Lett. 320:43-46;1993.
    • (1993) FEBS Lett. , vol.320 , pp. 43-46
    • Vázquez, A.1    Becerril, B.2    Martin, B.M.3    Zamudio, F.4    Bolivar, F.5    Possani, L.D.6
  • 45
    • 0026533925 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid sequence and immunological characterization with monoclonal antibodies of two toxins from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann
    • Zamudio, F.; Saavedra, R.; Martin, B.M.; Gurrola-Briones, G.; Herion, P.; Possani, L.D. Amino acid sequence and immunological characterization with monoclonal antibodies of two toxins from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides noxius Hoffmann. Eur. J. Biochem. 204:281-292;1992.
    • (1992) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.204 , pp. 281-292
    • Zamudio, F.1    Saavedra, R.2    Martin, B.M.3    Gurrola-Briones, G.4    Herion, P.5    Possani, L.D.6
  • 46
    • 0025131534 scopus 로고
    • Conformational flexibility of a scorpion toxin active on mammals and insects: A circular dichroism study
    • Loret, E.P.; Sampieri, F.; Roussel, A.; Granier, C.; Rochat, H. Conformational flexibility of a scorpion toxin active on mammals and insects: a circular dichroism study. Proteins 8: 164-172;1990.
    • (1990) Proteins , vol.8 , pp. 164-172
    • Loret, E.P.1    Sampieri, F.2    Roussel, A.3    Granier, C.4    Rochat, H.5
  • 48
    • 0024669542 scopus 로고
    • Structure/ activity relationships of scorpion α-toxins
    • Kharrat, R.; Darbon, H.; Rochat, H.; Granier, C. Structure/ activity relationships of scorpion α-toxins. Eur. J. Biochem. 181:381-390;1989.
    • (1989) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.181 , pp. 381-390
    • Kharrat, R.1    Darbon, H.2    Rochat, H.3    Granier, C.4
  • 49
    • 0025357694 scopus 로고
    • Structure-activity relationships of scorpion α-neurotoxins: Contributions of arginine residues
    • Kharrat, R.; Darbon, H.; Granier, C.; Rochat H. Structure-activity relationships of scorpion α-neurotoxins: contributions of arginine residues. Toxicon 28:509-523;1990.
    • (1990) Toxicon , vol.28 , pp. 509-523
    • Kharrat, R.1    Darbon, H.2    Granier, C.3    Rochat, H.4
  • 50
    • 0022447357 scopus 로고
    • Differential effects of defined chemical modifications on antigenic and pharmacological activities of scorpion alpha-and beta-toxins
    • El-Ayeb, M.; Darbon, H.; Bahraoui, E.; Vargas, O.; Rochat, H. Differential effects of defined chemical modifications on antigenic and pharmacological activities of scorpion alpha-and beta-toxins. Eur. J. Biochem. 155:289-294;1986.
    • (1986) Eur. J. Biochem. , vol.155 , pp. 289-294
    • El-Ayeb, M.1    Darbon, H.2    Bahraoui, E.3    Vargas, O.4    Rochat, H.5
  • 51
    • 0021327799 scopus 로고
    • Binding of β-toxin: A physicochemical study
    • Jover, E.; Bablito, J.; Couraud, F. Binding of β-toxin: a physicochemical study. Biochem. 23:1147-1152;1984.
    • (1984) Biochem. , vol.23 , pp. 1147-1152
    • Jover, E.1    Bablito, J.2    Couraud, F.3
  • 52
    • 0021277076 scopus 로고
    • Structural mapping of the voltage-dependent sodium channel
    • Darbon, H.; Angelides, K.J. Structural mapping of the voltage-dependent sodium channel. J. Biol. Chem. 259:6074-6084; 1984.
    • (1984) J. Biol. Chem. , vol.259 , pp. 6074-6084
    • Darbon, H.1    Angelides, K.J.2
  • 53
    • 0028117321 scopus 로고
    • + channel structure from a complete functional map of the molecular surface of charybdotoxin
    • + channel structure from a complete functional map of the molecular surface of charybdotoxin. Biochem. 33:443-450;1994.
    • (1994) Biochem. , vol.33 , pp. 443-450
    • Stampe, P.1    Kolmakova-Partensky, L.2    Miller, C.3
  • 54
    • 0016256278 scopus 로고
    • Amino acid sequences of neurotoxic protein variants from the venom of Centruroides sculpturatus Ewing
    • Babin, D.R.; Watt, D.D.; Goos S.M.; Mlejnek, R.V. Amino acid sequences of neurotoxic protein variants from the venom of Centruroides sculpturatus Ewing. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 164:694-706;1974.
    • (1974) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. , vol.164 , pp. 694-706
    • Babin, D.R.1    Watt, D.D.2    Goos, S.M.3    Mlejnek, R.V.4
  • 55
    • 0028336637 scopus 로고
    • Isolation and characterization of a novel toxin from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides limpidus limpidus Karsch
    • Ramírez, A.N.; Martin, B.M.; Gurrola, G.B.; Possani, L.D. Isolation and characterization of a novel toxin from the venom of the scorpion Centruroides limpidus limpidus Karsch. Toxicon 32:479-490;1994.
    • (1994) Toxicon , vol.32 , pp. 479-490
    • Ramírez, A.N.1    Martin, B.M.2    Gurrola, G.B.3    Possani, L.D.4


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.