Conduction disturbances associated with administration of butyrophenone antipsychotics in the critically ill: A review of the literature

Pharmacotherapy

Volumn 17, Issue 3, 1997, Pages 531-537

  Lawrence, Kenneth R ^a   Nasraway, Stanley A ^b  

^a BETH ISRAEL DEACONESS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

^b TUFTS MEDICAL CENTER   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BUTYROPHENONE DERIVATIVE; DROPERIDOL; HALOPERIDOL; NEUROLEPTIC AGENT;

CARDIOVASCULAR EFFECT; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DELIRIUM; DRUG INDUCED DISEASE; ELECTROLYTE DISTURBANCE; HUMAN; INTRAVENOUS DRUG ADMINISTRATION; LONG QT SYNDROME; REVIEW; TORSADE DES POINTES;

ANTIPSYCHOTIC AGENTS; CRITICAL ILLNESS; DELIRIUM; DROPERIDOL; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHY; HALOPERIDOL; HEART CONDUCTION SYSTEM; HUMANS; LONG QT SYNDROME; MONITORING, PHYSIOLOGIC; TORSADES DE POINTES;

EID: 0030988201     PISSN: 02770008     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Review

References (45)

1. Inouye SK. The dilemma of delirium: clinical and research controversies regarding diagnosis and evaluation of delirium in hospitalized elderly medical patients. Am J Med 1994;97:278-88.
2. Marcanionio ER, Goldman L, Mangione CM, et al. A clinical prediction rule for delirium after elective noncardiac surgery. JAMA 1994;271:134-9.
3. Lipowski ZJ. Delirium (acute confusional states). JAMA 1987;258:1789-92.
4. Dyer Bitondo C, Ashton CM, Teasdale TA. Postoperative delirium. A review of 80 primary data-collection studies. Arch Intern Med 1995;155:461-5.
5. Hansen-Flaschen JH, Brazinsky S, Lanken PN. Use of sedating drugs and neuromuscular blocking agents in patients requiring mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure. A national survey. JAMA 1991;266:2870-5.
6. Shapiro BA, Warren J, Egol AB, et al. Practice parameters for intravenous analgesia and sedation for adult patients in the intensive care unit: an executive summary. Crit Care Med 1995;23:1596-1600.
7. Szuba MP, Bergman KS, Baxter LR, et al. Safety and efficacy of high-dose droperidol in agitated patients. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1992;12:144-3.
8. Frye MA, Coudreaut MF, Hakeman SM, et al. Continuous droperidol infusion for management of agitated delirium in an intensive care unit. Psychosomatics 1995;36:301-5.
9. Crippen DW. Pharmacologic treatment of brain failure and delirium. Crit Care Clin 1994;10:733-66.
10. Ayd FJ. Haloperidol: twenty years' clinical experience. J Clin Psychiatry 1978;39:807-14.
11. Menza MA, Murry GB, Holmes VF, et al. Decrease extrapyramidal symptoms with intravenous haloperidol. J Clin Psychiatry 1987;48:278-80.
12. Menza MA, Murry GB, Homes VF, et al. Controlled study of extrapyramidal reactions in the management of delirious, medically ill patients: intravenous haloperidol versus intravenous haloperidol plus benzodiazepines. Heart Lung 1988;17:238-41.
13. Grenacher RP, Ruth DD. Droperidol in acute agitation. Curr Ther Res 1979;25:361-5.
14. Sanders KM, Murray GB, Cassem NH. High-dose intravenous haloperidol for agitated delirium in a cardiac patient on intra-aortic balloon pump. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1991;11:146-7.
15. Tesar GE, Murray GB, Cassem NH. Use of high-dose intravenous haloperidol in the treatment of agitated cardiac patients. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1985;5:344-7.
16. Dudley DL, Rowlett DB, Loebel PJ. Emergency use of intravenous haloperidol. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 1979;1:240-6.
17. Adams F. Emergency intravenous sedation of the delirious, medically ill patient. J Clin Psychiatry 1988;49(12 suppl):22-6.
18. Bett JHN, Holt GW. Malignant ventricular tachyarrhythmia and haloperidol. Br Med J 1983;287:1264.
19. Fayer SA. Torsades de pointes ventricular tachyarrhythmia associated with haloperidol. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1986;6:375-6.
20. Kriwisky M, Perry GY, Tarchitsky D, et al. Haloperidol-induced torsades de pointes. Chest 1990;98:482-4.
21. Wilt JL, Minnema AM, Johnson RF, et al. Torsades de pointes associated with intravenous haloperidol. Ann Intern Med 1993;119:391-4.
22. Metzger E, Friedman R. Prolongation of the corrected QT interval and torsades de pointes cardiac arrhythmia associated with intravenous haloperidol in the medically ill. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1993;13:128-32.
23. Riker RR, Fraser GL, Cox PM. Continuous infusion of haloperidol controls agitation in critically ill patients. Crit Care Med 1994;22:433-40.
24. Huyse F, van Schijnel RS. Haloperidol and cardiac arrest. Lancet 1988;2:568-9.
25. Mehta D, Mehta S, Petit J, et al. Cardiac arrhythmia and haloperidol. Am J Psychiatry 1979;136:1468-9.
26. Turbott J, Cairns FJ. Sudden death and neuroleptic medication. Am J Psychiatry 1984;141:919-20.
27. Guy JM, Andre-Fouet X, Porte J. Torsades de pointes el allongement de la duree de l'intervalle QT apres injection de droperidol. Ann Cardiol Angeiol (Paris) 1991;40:451-5.
28. Wilson JD, Braunwald E, Isselbacher KJ, et al, eds. Harrison's principles of internal medicine, 12th ed. New York. McGraw-Hill, 1991:1029-31.
29. Soffer J, Dreifus LS, Michelson EL. Polymorphous ventricular tachycardia associated with normal and long Q-T intervals. Am J Cardiol 1982;49:2021-9.
30. Tan HL, Hou CJY, Lauer MR, et al. Electrophysiologic mechanisms of the long QT interval syndromes and torsades de pointes. Ann Intern Med 1995;122:701-14.
31. El-Sherif N, Bekheit SS, Henkin R. Quinidine-induced long QTU interval and torsades de pointes: role of bradycardia dependent after depolarization J Am Clin Cardiol 1989;14:250-6.
32. Kay GN, Plumb VJ, Arciniegas JG, et al. Torsades de pointes: the long-short initiating sequence and other clinical features; observation in 32 patients. J Am Clin Cardiol 1983;2:806-17.
33. Fowler NO, McCall D, Chou TC, et al. Electrocardiographic changes and cardiac arrhythmias in patients receiving psychotropic drugs. Am J Cardiol 1976;37:223-30.
34. Gould RJ, Murphy KMM, Reynolds IJ, et al. Calcium channel blockage: possible explanation for thioridazine's peripheral side effects. Am J Psychiatry 1984;141:352-7.
35. Kemper AJ, Dunlap R, Pietro DA. Thioridazine-induced torsades de pointes. Successful therapy with isoproterenol. JAMA 1983;249;2931-4.
36. Scialli JVK, Thornton WE. Toxic reactions from a haloperidol overdose in two children. Thermal and cardiac manifestations. JAMA 1978;239:49-8.
37. Zee Cheng CS, Mueller C, Seifert CF, et al. Haloperidol and torsades de pointes. Ann Intern Med 1985;102:481.
38. Lee TS, Xle Y, Hou X. Myocardial depressant effect of haloperidol. Crit Care Med 1994;22:A50.
39. Ogata N, Narahashi T. Block of sodium channels by psychotropic drugs in single guinea-pig cardiac myocytes. Br J Pharmacol 1989;97:905-13.
40. Flaim SF, Brannan MD, Swigart SC, et al. Neuroleptic drugs attenuate calcium influx and tension development in rabbit thoracic aorta: effects of pimozide, penfluridol, chlorpromazine, and haloperidol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1985;82:1237-41.
41. Rubart M, Pressler ML, Pride HP. Electrophysiological mechanisms in a canine model of erythromycin-associated long QT syndrome. Circulation 1993;88(4 pt 1):1832-44.
42. Chen Y, Berger LS, Buffa SD. Block of delayed rectifier potassium current, Ik by terfenadine in cat ventricular myocytes. J Am Coll Cardiol 1991;17:140A.
43. Bayer R, Schwarzmaier J, Pernice R. Basic mechanisms underlying prenylamine-induced "torsades de pointes": differences between prenylamine and fendiline due to basic actions of the isomer. Curr Med Res Opin 1988;11:254-72.
44. Makkar RR, Fromm BS, Steinman RT, et al. Female gender as a risk factor for torsades de pointes associated with cardiovascular drugs. JAMA 1993;270:2590-7.
45. Morganroth J, Brown AM, Critz S, et al. Variability of the QTc interval: impact on defining drug effect and low-frequency cardiac event. Am J Cardiol 1993;72:26B-31.