Vertical and spatial distribution of biogenic silica in the sediment of the Gulf of Riga, Baltic sea

Toxicological and Environmental Chemistry

Volumn 60, Issue 1-4, 1997, Pages 245-259

  Carman, Rolf ^a   Aigars, Juris ^a,b  

^a STOCKHOLM UNIVERSITY   (Sweden)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LATVIA   (Latvia)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

EID: 0030987339     PISSN: 02772248     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/02772249709358468     Document Type: Article

References (30)

1. A. Andrushaitis, Z. Seisuma, M. Legzdina and E. Lenshs (1995) "River load of eutrophying substances and heavy metals into the Gulf of Riga". In: E. Ojaveer, Ecosystems of the Gulf of Riga between 1920 and 1990, (Estonian Academy Publishers. Tallin,. Estonia), pp. 32-40.
2. R. A. Berner (1971) Principles of chemical sedimentology, (McGraw-Hill Book Company).
3. S. Blomquist and B. Abrahamsson (1985) "An improved Kajak-type gravity core sampler for soft bottom sediments". Schweizerische Zeitschrift für Hydrologie, 47, 81-84.
4. M. A. Brzezinski (1985) "The Si:C:N ratio of marine diatoms: interspecific variability and effects of some environmental variables". J. Phycol., 21, 347-357.
5. D. Conley and T. L. Newberry (1989) "Extraction of sediments for biogenic silica", Horn Point Env. Lab., Centre for Env. and Estuarine Studies, Univ. of Maryland, Cambridge, USA.
6. D. Conley, C. L. Schelske, B. G. Dempsey, C. D. Campbell and T. L. Newberry (1986) "Distribution of biogenic silica in the surficial sediments of Lake Michigan". Can. J. Earth Sci., 23, 1442-1449.
7. D. J. DeMaster (1981) "The supply and accumulation of silica in the marine environment". Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 45, 1715-1732.
8. D. J. DeMaster, R. B. Dunbar, L. I. Gordon, A. R. Leventer, J. M. Morrison, D. M. Nelson, C. A. Nittrouer and W. O. Smith Jr. (1992) "Cycling and accumulation of biogenic silica and organic matter in high-latitude environments:" The Ross Sea. Oceanography, 5, 146-153.
9. E. M. Emelyanov (1988) "Biogenic sedimentation in the Baltic Sea and its consequences". In: B. Winterhalter (editor), The Baltic Sea. Geol., Survey Finland, Special Paper, 6, 127-135.
10. R. O. Fournier and W. L. Marshall (1983) "Calculation of amorphous silica solubilities at 25 °C and 300 °C and apparent cation hydration numbers in aqueous salt solutions using the concept of effective density of water". Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 47, 587-596.
11. J. I. Hedges and J. H. Stern (1984) "Carbon and nitrogen determinations of carbonate-containing solids". Limnol. Oceanogr., 29, 657-663.
12. V. Juškevi s, O. Stiebri š and V. Baraškovs (1993) "Upper Pleistocene, Holocene deposits and bottom sediments in the Gulf of Riga". Geological Survey of Latvia, Riga.
13. V. M. Kuptzov, B. B. Seldina and T. R. Ivanova (1984) "Rate of sedimentation of sediments of the Baltic Sea". In: Lissizin (editor). Geological history and geochemistry of the Baltic Sea. Publ., "Nauka", Moscow, 1984. (in Russian), pp. 110-121.
14. A. P. Lisitzin (1972) "Sedimentation in the world ocean", (ed. K. S. Rodolfo), Soc. Econ.Paleo. Min. Spec. Pub., 17.
15. J. C. Lewin (1961) "The dissolution of silica from diatom walls". Geochim Cosmochim. Acta, 21, 182-198.
16. W. R. Martin, M. Bender, M. Leinen and J. Orchardo (1991) "Benthic organic carbon degradation and biogenic silica dissolution in the central equatorial Pacific". Deep-Sea Res., 38, 1481-1516.
17. T. R. Parson, Y. Maita and C. M. Lalli (1984) A manual of chemical and biological methods for seawater analysis. (Pergamon Press, Sidney).
18. A. Pastors (1967) "Water and heat balance in the Gulf of Riga". Morskie zalivy kak priyomniki stochnykn vod. Riga, Zinätne (in Russian), 8-20.
19. J. N. Pattan, S. M. Gupta, A. V. Mudholkar and G. Parthiban (1992) "Biogenic silica in space and time in sediments of central Indian Ocean". Indian J. of Mar. Sci., 21, 116-120.
20. J. Raudsep, J. Kask and P. Väling (1993) "Distribution and lithological composition of modern (Holocene) marine bottom sediments in the Gulf of Riga (north of 58°N)". Estonian Geological Survey, Tallin.
21. A. F. Richards, T. J. Hirst and J. M. Parks (1974) "Bulk density-water content relationship in marine silts and clays". J. Sed. Petrol, 44, 1004-1009.
22. H. R. Skjoldal and P. Wassmann (1986) "Sedimentation of particulate organic matter and silicum during spring and summer in Lindåspollene", Western Norway, Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 30, 49-63
23. R. C. Thunell, C. J. Pride, E. Tappa and F. E. Muller-Karger (1994) "Biogenic silica fluxes and accumulation rates in the Gulf of California". Geology, 22, 303-306.
24. J. S. Tribble, R. S. Arvidson, M. Lane III and F. T. Mackenzie (1995) "Crystal chemistry, and thermodynamic and kinetic properties of calcite, dolomite, apatite, and biogenic silica: application to petrologic problems". Sedimentary Geology, 95, 11-37.
25. D. Werner (1977) "Silicate metabolism". In. Werner, D. (Ed). "The biology of diatoms". Botanical monographs, (University of California Press, Berkeley and Los Angeles), 13, p. 110-149.
26. L. A. Williams, G. A. Parks and D. A. Crerar (1985) "Silica diagenesis, I. Solubility controls". J. of Sed. Petrol, 55, 301-311.
27. L. A. Williams and D. A. Crerar (1985) "Silica diagenesis, II. General mechanisms". J. of Sed. Petrol. 55, 312-321.
28. F. Wulff and L. Rahm (1988) "Long-term, seasonal and spatial variations of nitrogen, phosphorus and silicate in the Baltic: An overview". Marine Environ. Res., 26, 19-37.
29. S. S. Yamada and F. D'Elia (1984) "Silicic acid regeneration from estuarine sediment cores". Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 18, 113-118.
30. A. Yurkovskis, F. Wulff, L. Rahm, A. Andrushaitis and M. Rodrigues-Medina (1993) "A nutrient budget of Gulf of Riga, Baltic Sea". Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Sci. 3, 113-127.