Autoimmunity in myocarditis: Relevance of animal models

Clinical Immunology and Immunopathology

Volumn 83, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 93-102

  Huber, Sally A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VERMONT COLLEGE OF MEDICINE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADENINE NUCLEOTIDE TRANSLOCASE; MYOSIN;

ANIMAL MODEL; AUTOIMMUNITY; DIAGNOSIS; IMMUNIZATION; MOUSE; MYOCARDITIS; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; REVIEW; VIRUS INFECTION;

EID: 0030985795     PISSN: 00901229     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/clin.1997.4342     Document Type: Review

References (89)

1. Olsen E. G. J. What is myocarditis? Myocarditis and Related Disorders. 1985;Springer-Verlag, Tokyo. p. 1-3.
2. Gore I., Saphir O. Myocarditis: A classification of 1402 cases. Am. Heart J. 34:1947;827-830.
3. Stevens P. J., Underwood-Ground K. E. Occurrence and significance of myocarditis in trauma. Aerospace Med. 47:1970;776-780.
4. Gravanis M. G., Sternby N. H. Incidence of myocarditis. Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 15:1991;390-392.
5. Drory Y., Turetz Y., Hiss Y., Lev B., Fisman E. Z., Pines A., Kramer M. R. Sudden unexpected death in persons less than 40 years of age. Am. J. Cardiol. 68:1991;1388-1392.
6. Rajs J., Hammarquest F. Sudden infant death in Stockholm. A forensic pathology study covering ten years. Acta Paediatr. Scand. 77:1988;812-820.
7. Haas J. E. Myocarditis and sudden unexpected death in childhood. Pediatr. Pathol. 8:1988;443-446.
8. Woodruff J. F. Viral myocarditis: A review. Am. J. Pathol. 101:1980;425-484.
9. Br. Med. J. 4:1967;575-577.
10. Billingham M. E. Pharmacotoxic myocardial disease: An endomyocardial study. Sekiguchi M., Olsen E. G. J., Goodwin J. F. Myocarditis and Related Disorders. 1985;278-282 Springer-Verlag, Tokyo.
11. Huber S. A., Moraska A. Cytolytic T lymphocytes and antibodies to myocytes in adriamycin-treated Balb/c mice: Evidence for immunity to drug-induced antigens. Am. J. Pathol. 140:1992;233-242.
12. Friman G., Wesslen L., Fohlman J., Karjalainen J., Rolf C. The epidemiology of infectious myocarditis, lymphocytic myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Eur. Heart J. 16:1995;36-41.
13. Bowles N. E., Richardson P., Olsen G. J., Archard L. C. Detection of coxsackie B virus-specific RNA sequences in myocardial biopsy samples from patients with myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Lancet. 1:1986;1120-1123.
14. Kandolf R., Hofschneider P. H. Viral heart diseases. Springer Semin. Immunopathol. 11:1989;1-13.
15. Koide H., Kitaura Y., Deguchi H., Ukimura A., Kawamura K., Hirai K. Genomic detection of enteroviruses in the myocardium - Studies on animal hearts with coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis and endomyocardial biopsies from patients with myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Jpn. Circ. J. 56:1992;1081-1093.
16. Morgan-Capner P., Richardson P. J., McSorley C., Daly K., Pattison J. R. Virus investigations in heart muscle disease. Bolte H-D. Viral Heart Disease. 1984;99-115 Springer-Verlag, Berlin.
17. Zee Cheng C. S., Tsai C. C., Palmer D. C. High incidence of myocarditis diagnosed by endomyocardial biopsy in patients with idiopathic congestive cardiomyopathy. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 3:1984;63-70.
18. Chow L. C., Dittrich H. C., Chabetai R. Endomyocardial biopsy in patients with unexplained congestive heart failure. Ann. Intern. Med. 109:1988;535-539.
19. Hiramitsu S., Morimoto S.-I., Uemura A., Kubo N., Kimura K., Otsuki M., Hishida H., Yamada K., Yoshida Y., Terasawa M., Itoh T., Mizuno Y. Long-term outcome of 28 patients with viral or idiopathic myocarditis. Sekiguchi M., Richardson P. J. Prognosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies and Myocarditis. 1994;201-207 Univ. of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.
20. Olsen E. G. J. Prognosis of dilated cardiomyopathy: The value of endomyocardial biopsies. Sekiguchi M., Richardson P. J. Prognosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies and Myocarditis. 1994;121-127 Univ. of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.
21. Archard L. C., Bowles N. E., Cunningham L., Freeke C. A., Olsen E. G. J., Rose M. L., Meany B., Why H. J. F., Richardson P. J. Molecular probes for detection of persisting enterovirus infection of human heart and their prognostic value. Eur. Heart J. 12:1991;56-59.
22. Huber S. A. Animal models: Immunological aspects. Banatvala J. E. Viral Infections of the Heart. 1993;82-109 Arnold, London.
23. Hiraoku Y., Kishimoto C., Takada H., Kurokawa M., Ochiai H., Shiraki K., Sasayama S. Role of oxygen derived free radicals in the pathogenesis of coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis in mice. Cardiovasc. Res. 27:1993;957-961.
24. Lowenstein C. J., Hill S. L., Lafond-Walker A., Wu J., Allen G., Landavere M., Rose N. R., Herskowitz A. Nitric oxide inhibits viral replication in murine myocarditis. J. Clin. Invest. 97:1996;1837-1843.
25. Finkel M. S., Oddis C. V., Jacob T. D. Negative inotropic effects of cytokines on the heart mediated by nitric oxide. Science. 257:1992;387-390.
26. Barry W. H. Mechanisms of immune-mediated myocyte injury. Circulation. 89:1994;2421-2426.
27. Kajstura J., Cheng W., Reiss K., Clark W. A., Sonnenblick E. H., Krajewski S., Reed J. C., Olivetti G., Anversa P. Apoptotic and necrotic myocyte cell deaths are independent contributing variablels of infarct size in rats. Lab. Invest. 74:1996;86-107.
28. Gottlieb R. A., Burleson K. O., Kloner R. A., Bablor B. M., Engler R. L. Reperfusion injury induces apoptosis in rabbit cardiomyocytes. J. Clin. Invest. 94:1994;1621-1628.
29. Kawano H., Okada R., Kawano Y., Sueyoshi N., Shirai T. Apoptosis in acute and chronic myocarditis. Jpn. Heart J. 35:1994;745-750.
30. Suda T., Okazaki T., Naito Y., Yokota T., Arai N., Ozaki S., Nakao K., Nagata S. Expression of the Fas ligand in cells of the T cell linage. J. Immunol. 154:1995;3806-3813.
31. Young L. H., Joag S. V., Zheng L. M., Lee C. P., Lee Y. S., Young J. D. Perforin-mediated myocardial damage in acute myocarditis. Lancet. 336:1990;1019-1021.
32. Caforio A. L. P., Goldman J. H., Barg M. K., Keeling P. J., Bottazzo G. F., McKenna W. J. Organ-specific cardiac autoantibodies in dilated cardiomyopathy - An update. Eur. Heart J. 16:1995;68-70.
33. Maisch B., Deeg P., Liebau G., Kochsiek K. Diagnostic relevance of humoral and cytotoxic immune reactions in primary and secondary dilated cardiomyopathy. Am. J. Cardiol. 52:1983;1072-1078.
34. Schultheiss H. P., Bolte H. D. Immunological analysis of autoantibodies against the adenine nucleotide translocator in dilated cardiomyopathy. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 17:1985;603-617.
35. Caforio A. L. P., Grazzini M., Mann J. M. Identification of the α and β myosin heavy chain isoforms as major autoantigens in dilated cardiomyopathy. Circulation. 85:1992;1734-1742.
36. Neumann D. A., Burek C. L., Baughman K. L., Rose N. R., Herskowitz A. Circulating heart-reactive antibodies in patients with myocarditis or cardiomyopathy. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 16:1990;839-846.
37. Caforio A. L. P., Bonifacio E., Stewart J. T. Novel organ-specific circulating cardiac autoantibodies in dilated cardiomyopathy. J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. 15:1990;1527-1534.
38. Caforio A. L. P., Martinetti M., Bonifacio E. Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy: Lack of association between organ-specific cardiac antibodies and HLA-DR antigens. Tissue Antigens. 39:1992;236-240.
39. Caforio A. L. P., Keeling P. J., Zachara E. Evidence from family studies for autoimmunity in dilated cardiomyopathy. Lancet. 344:1994;773-777.
40. Limas C. J., Limas C. Beta adrenoreceptor antibodies and genetics in dilated cardiomyopathy - An overview and review. Eur. Heart J. 12:1991;175-177.
41. Wolff P. G., Kuhl U., Schultheiss H. P. Laminin distribution and autoantibodies to laminin in dilated cardiomyopathy and myocarditis. Am. Heart J. 117:1989;1303-1309.
42. Pankuwert S., Lottspeich F., Maisch B. Characterization of relevant membrane antigens by two-dimensional immunoblot and n-terminal sequence analysis in patients with myocarditis. Eur. Heart J. 16:1995;81-84.
43. Ansari A. A., Wang Y-C., Danner O. J. Abnormal expression of histocompatibility and mitochondrial antigens by cardiac tissue from patients with myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy. Am. J. Pathol. 139:1991;337-353.
44. Fu L. X., Magnusson X., Bergh C. H., Waagstein F., Hjalmarson A., Hoebeke J. Localization of a functional autoimmune epitope on the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-2 in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy but not with hypertension. J. Clin. Invest. 91:1993;1964-1968.
45. Maisch B., Bulowius U., Schmier K., Klopf D., Koper D., Sibelis T., Kochsiek K. Immunological cellular regulator and effector mechanisms in myocarditis. Herz. 10:1985;8-14.
46. Schwimmbeck P. L., Badorff C., Schultheiss H. P., Strauer B. E. Transfer of human myocarditis into severe combined immunodeficiency mice. Circ. Res. 75:1994;156-164.
47. Huber S. A., Haisch C., Lodge P. A. Functional diversity in vascularl endothelial cells: Role in coxsackievirus tropism. J. Virol. 64:1990;4516-4522.
48. Herzum M., Ruppert V., Kuytz B., Jomaa H., Nakamura I., Maisch B. Coxsackievirus B3 infection leads to cell death of cardiac myocytes. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 26:1994;907-913.
49. McManus B. M., Chow L. H., Wilson J. E., Anderson D. R., Gulizia J. M., Gauntt C. J., Klingel K. E., Beisel K. W., Kandolf R. Direct myocardial injury by enterovirus: A central role in the evolution of murine myocarditis. Clin. Immunol. Immunopathol. 68:1993;159-169.
50. Hufnagel G., Chapman N., Tracy S. A non-cardiovirulent strain of coxsackievirus B3 causes myocarditis in mice with severe combined immunodeficiency syndrome. Eur. Heart J. 16:1995;18-19.
51. Arola A., Kalimo H., Ruuskanen O., Hijypia T. Experimental myocarditis induced by two different coxsackievirus B3 variants: Aspects of pathogenesis and comparison of diagnostic methods. J. Med. Virol. 47:1995;251-259.
52. Van Houten N., Bouchard P. E., Moraska A., Huber S. A. Selection of an attenuated coxsackievirus B3 variant using a monoclonal antibody reactive to myocyte antigen. J. Virol. 65:1991;1286-1290.
53. Huber S. A., Lodge P. A. Coxsackievirus myocarditis in mice: Evidence for an autoimmune disease. Am. J. Pathol. 116:1984;21-29.
54. Chow L. H., Beisel K. W., McManus B. M. Enteroviral infection of mice with severe combined immunodeficiency. Evidence for direct viral pathogenesis of myocardial injury. Lab. Invest. 66:1992;24-31.
55. Wolfgram L. J., Beisel K. W., Herskowitz A., Rose N. R. Variations in the susceptibility to coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis among different strains of mice. J. Immunol. 136:1986;1846-1852.
56. Neu N., Beisel K. W., Traystmann M. D., Rose N. R., Craig S. W. Autoantibodies specific for the cardiac myosin isoform are found in mice susceptible to coxsackievirus B3 induced myocarditis. J. Immunol. 138:1987;2488-2492.
57. Neumann D. A., Rose N. R., Ansari A. A., Herskowitz A. Induction of multiple heart autoantibodies in mice with coxsackievirus B3- and cardiac myosin-induced autoimmune myocarditis. J. Immunol. 152:1994;343-350.
58. Huber S. A., Lodge P. A., Herzum M., Estrin M., Olszewski J. The role of T lymphocytes in the pathogenesis of coxsackieviral B-3 myocarditis. Kawai C., Abelmann W. Pathogenesis of Myocarditis and Cardiomyopathy. 1987;9-22 Univ. of Tokyo Press, Tokyo.
59. Huber S. A., Lodge P. A. Coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis: Identification of different pathogenic mechanisms in DBA/2 and Balb/c mice. Am. J. Pathol. 122:1986;284-291.
60. Lodge P. A., Herzum M., Olszewski J., Huber S. A. Coxsackievirus B3 myocarditis: Acute and chronic forms of the disease caused by different immunopathogenic mechanisms. Am. J. Pathol. 128:1987;455-463.
61. Huber S. A., Polgar J., Schultheiss P., Schwimmbeck P. Augmentation of pathogenesis of coxsackievirus B3 infections in mice by exogenous administration of interleukin-1 and interleukin-2. J. Virol. 68:1994;195-206.
62. Liao L., Sindhwani R., Rojkind M., Factor S., Leinwand L., Diamond B. Antibody-mediated autoimmune myocarditis depends on genetically determined target organ sensitivity. J. Exp. Med. 181:1995;1123-1131.
63. Oldstone M. B. A. Molecular mimicry and autoimmune disease. Cell. 50:1987;819-827.
64. Barnett L. A., Fujinami R. S. Molecular mimicry: A mechanism for autoimmune injury. FASEB J. 6:1992;840-849.
65. Gauntt C. J., Arizpe H. M., Higdon A. L., Wood H. J., Bowers D. F., Rozek M. M., Crawley R. Molecular mimicry anti-coxsackievirus B3 neutralizing monoclonal antibodies and myocarditis. J. Immunol. 154:1995;2983-2995.
66. Schulze K., Schultheiss H. P. The role of ADP/ATP carrier in the pathogenesis of viral heart disease. Eur. Heart J. 16:1995;64-67.
67. Zwirner N. W., Malchiodi E. L., Chiaramonte M. G., Fossati C. A. A lytic monoclonal antibody to Trypanosoma cruzi bloodstream trypomastigotes which recognizes an epitope expressed in tissues affected in Chagas' disease. Infect. Immun. 62:1994;2483-2489.
68. Tibbetts R. S., McCormick T. S., Rowland E. C., Miller S. D., Engman D. M. Cardiac antigen-specific autoantibody production is associated with cardiomyopathy in Trypanosome cruzi-infection mice. J. Immunol. 152:1994;1493-1499.
69. Cunningham M. W., Antone S. M., Gulizia J. M., McManus B. M., Fischetti V. A., Gauntt C. J. Cytotoxic and viral neutralizing antibodies cross-react with streptococcal M protein enteroviruses and human cardiac myosin. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89:1992;1320-1324.
70. Huber S. A., Moraska A., Cunningham M. Alterations in major histocompatibility complex antigen association of myocarditis induced by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) mutants selected with monoclonal antibodies to group A streptococci. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 91:1994;5543-5547.
71. +. J. Immunol. 156:1996;3528-3534.
72. Miller S. D., Wetzig R. P., Claman H. N. The induction of cell-mediated immunity and tolerance with protein antigens coupled to syngeneic lymphoic cells. J. Exp. Med. 149:1979;758-763.
73. Neu N., Rose N. R., Beisel K. W., Herskowitz A., Gurri-Glass G., Craig S. W. Cardiac myosin induces myocarditis in genetically predisposed mice. J. Immunol. 139:1987;3630-3636.
74. Kodama M., Matsumoto Y., Fujiwara M. In vivo lymphocyte mediated myocardial injuries demonstrated by adoptive transfer of experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Circulation. 85:1992;1918-1926.
75. Smith S. C., Allen P. M. Neutralization of endogenous tumor necrosis factor ameliorates the severity of myosin-induced myocarditis. Circ. Res. 70:1992;856-863.
76. Wegmann K. W., Zhao W., Griffin A. C., Hickey W. F. Identification of myocarditogenic peptides derived from cardiac myosin capable of inducing experimental allergic myocarditis in the Lewis rat. The utility of a class II binding motif in selecting self-reactive peptides. J. Immunol. 153:1994;892-900.
77. Hanawa H., Kodama M., Inomata T., Izumi T., Shibata A., Tuchida M., Matsumoto Y., Abo T. Anti-alpha beta T cell receptor antibody prevents the progression of experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 96:1994;470-475.
78. 2+. Eur. Heart J. 16:1995;92-96.
79. Perez Leiros C., Goren N., Sterin-Borda L., Lustig L., Borda E. Alterations in cardiac muscarinic acetylcholine receptors in mice with autoimmune myocarditis and association with circulating muscarinic receptor-related autoantibodies. Clin. Autonomic Res. 4:1994;249-255.
80. Smith S. C., Allen P. M. Myosin-induced acute myocarditis is a T cell-mediated disease. J. Immunol. 147:1991;2141-2147.
81. Pummerer C. L., Grassl G., Sailer M., Bachmaier K. W., Penninger J. M., Neu N. Cardiac myosin-induced myocarditis: Target recognition by autoreactive T cells requires prior activation of cardiac interstitial cells. Lab. Invest. 74:1996;845-852.
82. Smith S. C., Allen P. M. Expression of myosin-class II major histocompatibility complexes in the normal myocardium occurs before induction of autoimmune myocarditis. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 89:1992;9131-9135.
83. Pummerer C., Grassl G., Neu N. Cellular immune mechanisms in myosin-induced myocarditis. Eur. Heart J. 16:1995;71-74.
84. Bachmaier K., Pummerer C., Shahinian A., Ionescu J., Neu N., Mak T. W., Penninger J. M. Induction of autoimmunity in the absence of CD28 costimulation. J. Immunol. 157:1996;1752-1757.
85. k. J. Exp. Med. 182:1995;1291-1300.
86. Penninger J. M., Neu N., Timms E., Wallace V. A., Koh D. R., Kishihara K., Pummerer C., Mak T. W. The induction of experimental autoimmune myocarditis in mice lacking CD4 or CD8 molecules. J. Exp. Med. 178:1993;1837-1842.
87. Pummerer C. L., Luze K., Grassl G., Bachmaier K., Offner F., Burrell S. K., Lenz D. M., Zamborelli T. J., Penninger J. M., Neu N. Identification of cardiac myosin peptides capable of inducing autoimmune myocarditis in Balb/c mice. J. Clin. Invest. 97:1996;2057-2062.
88. Liao L., Sindhwani R., Leinwand L., Diamond B., Factor S. Cardiac alpha-myosin heavy chains differ in their induction of myocarditis. Identification of pathogenic epitopes. J. Clin. Invest. 92:1993;2877-2882.
89. Inomata T., Hanawa H., Miyanishi T., Yajima E., Nakayama S., Maita T., Kodama M., Izumi T., Shibata A., Abo T. Localization of porcine cardiac myosin epitopes that induce experimental autoimmune myocarditis. Circ. Res. 76:1995;726-733.