Characterization of methemoglobinemia induced by 3,5-xylidine in rats

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

Volumn 50, Issue 6, 1997, Pages 595-604

  Shardonofsky, Sylvia ^a   Krishnan, Kannan ^a  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE MONTRÉAL   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

3,5 DIMETHYLANILINE; ANILINE DERIVATIVE; UNCLASSIFIED DRUG;

ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; DOSE RESPONSE; INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION; MALE; METHEMOGLOBINEMIA; NONHUMAN; ORAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT;

EID: 0030976328     PISSN: 00984108     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/15287399709532057     Document Type: Article

References (41)

1. Budavari, S., ed. 1989. The Merck index. Rathway, NJ: Merck and Co.
2. Bollag, J., Blattman, P. and Laanio, T. 1978. Adsorption and transformation of four substituted anilines in soil. J. Agrie. Food Chem. 26:1302-1306.
3. Calabrese, E. J. 1991. Principles of animal extrapolation, pp. 307-318. Chelsea, Ml: Lewis.
4. Canadian Environmental Protection Act. 1993. Liste des substances d'intérêt prioritaire. Rapport d'évaluation, 3,5-diméthylaniline. Gouvernement du Canada, Santé et Bien-être social, Canada, Environnement Canada.
5. Chopade, H. M. and Matthews, H. B. 1986. Disposition and metabolism of 2-bromo-4,6-din¡-troaniline in the male F344 rat. J. Toxicol. Environ. Health 17:37-50.
6. Duncan, R. C., Knapp, R. G. and Miller, C. III. 1983. Introductory biostatistics for the health sciences, 2nd ed., pp. 152-155. New York: Wiley.
7. Evelyn, K. A. and Malloy, H. T. 1938. Microdetermination of oxyhemoglobin, methemoglobin and sulfhemoglobin in a single sample of blood. J. Biol. Chem. 126:655-662.
8. Gopinath, C., Prentics, D. E., Street, A. E. and Crook C. 1980. Serum bile acid concentration in some experimental liver lesions of rat. Toxicology 15:113-127.
9. Harrison, J. H. and Jollow, D. J. 1987. Contribution of aniline metabolites to aniline-induced methemoglobinemia. Mol. Pharmacol. 32:423-428.
10. Jacobson, K. H. 1972. Acute oral toxicity of mono- and di-alkyl ring-substituted derivatives of aniline. Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. 22:153-154.
11. Kiese, M. 1974. Methemoglobinemia: A comprehensive treatise, pp. 47-59. Cleveland, OH: CRC Press.
12. Krishnan, K., Gargas, M. and Andersen, M. 1993. In vitro toxicology and risk assessment. Altern. Methods Toxicol. 9:185-203.
13. Lester, D. 1943. Formation of methemoglobin. I. Species differences with acetanilide and ace-tophenetidine. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 77:154-159.
14. Lindstrom, H. V., Hansen, W. H., Nelson, A. A. and Garth Fitzhugh, O. 1963. The metabolism of FD &C red no. 1 II. The fate of 2,5-para-xylidine and 2,6-meta-xylidine in rats and observations on the toxicity of xylidine isomers. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 142:257-264.
15. Luceri, F., Pieraccini, G., Moneti, G. and Dolara, P. 1993. Primary aromatic amines from side-stream cigarette smoke are common contaminants of indoor air. Toxicol. Ind. Health 9:405-413.
16. Magnusson, G., Bodin, N. and Hansson, E. 1971. Hepatic changes in dogs and rats induced by xylidine isomers. Acta Pathol. Microbiol. Scand. A 79:639-648.
17. Magnusson, G., Majeed, S. K., Down, W. H., Sacharin, R. M. and Jorgeson, W. 1979. Hepatic effects of xylidine isomers in rats. Toxicology 12:63-74.
18. McLean, S., Murphy, B. P., Starmer, G. A. and Thomas, J. 1967. Methaemoglobin formation induced by aromatic amines and amides. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 19:146-154.
19. McLean, S., Starmer, G. A. and Thomas, J. 1969. Methemoglobinemia formation by aromatic amines. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 21:441-450.
20. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. 1978. Guide for Xylidine, pp. 1-5. Washington, DC: NIOSH.
21. National Toxicology Program. 1990. Tech. Rep. 278. U.S.
22. Nohmi, T., Yoshikawa, K., Nakadate, M., Miyata, R. and Ishidate, M. 1984. Mutations in Salmonella typhimurium and inactivation of Bacillus subtilis transforming DNA induced by phenyIhydroxylamine derivatives. Mutat. Res. 136:59-168.
23. Northcott, J. 1978. Amines, aromatic-aniline and its derivatives. In Kirk-Othmer encyclopaedia of chemical technology, eds. H. F. Mark, D. F. Othmer, C. G. Overberger, and G. T. Seaborg, vol. 2, 3rd ed., pp. 309-321. Toronto: Wiley.
24. Patrianakos, C. and Hoffman, D. 1979. Chemical studies on tobacco smoke LXIV. On the analysis of aromatic amines in cigarette smoke. J. Anal. Toxicol. 3:150-154.
25. Sandridge, R. L. and Staley, H. B. 1978. Amines by reduction. In Kirk-Othmer encyclopaedia of chemical technology, eds. H. F. Mark, D. F. Othmer, C. G. Overberger, and G. T. Seaborg, 3rd ed., vol. 2, pp. 355-376. Toronto: Wiley.
26. Schultz, T. W., Kyte, L. M. and Dumont, J. N. 1978. Structure-toxicity correlations of organic contaminants in aqueous coal-conversion effluents. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 7:457-463.
27. Short, C., Hardy, M. and Barker, S, 1989. The in vivo oxidative metabolism of 2,4- and 2,6-dimethylaniline in the dog and rat. Toxicology 57:45-58.
28. Smith, R. P. 1991. Toxic responses of the blood. In Casarett and Doull's toxicology. The basic scienee of poisons, eds. M. Amdur, J. Doull, and C. Klaassen, pp. 257-281. New York: Pergamon Press.
29. Sullivan, J. B. and Krieger, G. R. 1992. Hazardous materials toxicology, Clinical principles of environmental health, pp. 800-806. Baltimore, MD: Williams & Wilkins.
30. Thomas, J., Morgan, D. and Vine, J. 1976. Metabolism of etidocaine in man. Xenobiotica 6:39-48.
31. Treon, J. F., Deichmann, W. B., Sigmon, H. E., Wright, H., Witherup, S. O., Heyroth, F. F., Kitzmiller, K. V. and Keenan, C. 1949. The toxic properties of xylidine and monomethyl-aniline. I. The comparative toxicity of xylidine and monomethylaniline when administered orally or intravenously to animals or applied upon their skin. J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol. 31:1-20.
32. Treon, J. F., Sigmon, H. E., Wright, H., Heyworth, F. F. and Kitzmiller, K. V. 1950. The toxic properties of xylidine and monomethylaniline. II. The comparative toxicity of xylidine and monomethylaniline inhaled as vapor in air by animals. Arch. Ind. Hyg. 1:506-524.
33. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 1986. Environmental Risk Assessment, pp. 3-7. Office of Emergency and Remedial Response. Emergency Response Division, Washington, DC.
34. Vernòtt, E. H., MacEwen, J. D., Haun, C. C. and Kinkead, E. R. 1977. Acute toxicity and skin corrosion data for some organic and inorganic compounds and aqueous solution. Toxicol. Appi. Pharmacol. 42:417-423.
35. von Oettingen, W. F., Sievers, R. F. and Horecker, B. L. 1947. The acute toxicity of xylidine compared with that of aniline by various routes of absorption. A. Comparison of the acute effects of orally administered xylidine and aniline of the physiological functions of dogs. Natl. Inst. Health Bull. 188:7-16.
36. Weisburger, E. K., Russfield, A. B. and Homburger, F. 1978. Testing of twenty-one environmental aromatic amines or derivatives for long-term toxicity or carcinogenicity /. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. 2:325-356.
37. Weinberg, J. and Sahini, V. 1981. Xylidine isomers. VII. Structure-hepatotoxic activity relationships of some xylidines. J. Theor. Biol. 88:153-159.
38. Yahagi, J., Degawa, M., Seino, Y., Matsushima, T., Nagao, M., Sugimura, T. and Hashimoto, Y. 1975. Mutagenicity of carcinogenic azo dyes and their derivatives. Cancer Lett. 1:91-96.
39. Zalisky, J., Won, C. and Patel, D. 1978. Analytical-physical profile of lidamine hydrochloride (WHR-1142A), a novel antidiarrheal agent. Arzneim. Forsch. 28:1441-1447.
40. Zeiger, E. B, Anderson, S., Haworth, T., Lawler, T. and Mortelmans, T. 1988. Salmonella mutagenicity test: IV. Results from testing of 300 chemicals. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 11:1-158.
41. Zimmer, D., Mazurek, J., Petzold, G. and Bhuyan, B. K. 1980. Bacterial mutagenicity and mammalian cell damage by several substituted anilines. Mutat. Res. 77:317-326.