메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 78, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 271-288

Tectal codification of eye movements in goldfish studied by electrical microstimulation

Author keywords

fish; motor map; oculomotor system; orienting response; saccadic generator; superior colliculus

Indexed keywords

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL TISSUE; ARTICLE; CONTROLLED STUDY; ELECTROSTIMULATION; EYE MOVEMENT; GOLDFISH; NONHUMAN; OPTIC TECTUM; PRIORITY JOURNAL; SACCADIC EYE MOVEMENT; SUPERIOR COLLICULUS;

EID: 0030976011     PISSN: 03064522     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0306-4522(97)83048-5     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (57)

References (68)
  • 2
    • 0023008885 scopus 로고
    • Motor responses to localized electrical stimulation of the tectum in the freshwater perch (Perca fluviatilis)
    • Al-Akel A. S., Guthrie D. M. and Banks J. R. (1986) Motor responses to localized electrical stimulation of the tectum in the freshwater perch (Perca fluviatilis). Neuroscience 19, 1381-1391.
    • (1986) Neuroscience , vol.19 , pp. 1381-1391
    • Al-Akel, A.S.1    Guthrie, D.M.2    Banks, J.R.3
  • 3
    • 0022996493 scopus 로고
    • Some collicular efferent neurons code saccadic eye velocity
    • Berthoz A., Grantyn A. and Droulez J. (1986) Some collicular efferent neurons code saccadic eye velocity. Neurosci. Lett. 72, 289-294.
    • (1986) Neurosci. Lett. , vol.72 , pp. 289-294
    • Berthoz, A.1    Grantyn, A.2    Droulez, J.3
  • 4
    • 0027971419 scopus 로고
    • Subcortical contributions to head movements in macaques. I. Contrasting effects of electrical stimulation of a medial pontomedullary region and the superior colliculus
    • Cowie R. J. and Robinson D. L. (1994) Subcortical contributions to head movements in macaques. I. Contrasting effects of electrical stimulation of a medial pontomedullary region and the superior colliculus. J. Neurophysiol. 72, 2648-2664.
    • (1994) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.72 , pp. 2648-2664
    • Cowie, R.J.1    Robinson, D.L.2
  • 5
    • 0022869759 scopus 로고
    • Head and body movements produced by electrical stimulation of superior colliculus in rats: Effects of interruption of crossed tecto-reticulo-spinal pathway
    • Dean P., Redgrave P., Sahibzada N. and Tsuji K. (1986) Head and body movements produced by electrical stimulation of superior colliculus in rats: effects of interruption of crossed tecto-reticulo-spinal pathway. Neuroscience 19, 367-380.
    • (1986) Neuroscience , vol.19 , pp. 367-380
    • Dean, P.1    Redgrave, P.2    Sahibzada, N.3    Tsuji, K.4
  • 6
    • 0024519417 scopus 로고
    • Event or emergency? Two response systems in the mammalian superior colliculus
    • Dean P., Redgrave P. and Westby G. W. M. (1989) Event or emergency? Two response systems in the mammalian superior colliculus. Trends Neurosci. 12, 137-147.
    • (1989) Trends Neurosci. , vol.12 , pp. 137-147
    • Dean, P.1    Redgrave, P.2    Westby, G.W.M.3
  • 7
    • 0026094561 scopus 로고
    • A neural network model of sensoritopic maps with predictive short-term memory properties
    • Droulez J. and Berthoz A. (1991) A neural network model of sensoritopic maps with predictive short-term memory properties. Proc. natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 88, 9653-9657.
    • (1991) Proc. Natn. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. , vol.88 , pp. 9653-9657
    • Droulez, J.1    Berthoz, A.2
  • 8
    • 0025055070 scopus 로고
    • Neural maps of head movement vector and speed in the optic tectum of the barn owl
    • Du Lac S. and Knudsen E. I. (1990) Neural maps of head movement vector and speed in the optic tectum of the barn owl. J. Neurophysiol. 63, 131-146.
    • (1990) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.63 , pp. 131-146
    • Du Lac, S.1    Knudsen, E.I.2
  • 9
    • 0015046772 scopus 로고
    • Spontaneous eye movements in restrained goldfish
    • Easter S. S. (1971) Spontaneous eye movements in restrained goldfish. Vis. Res. 11, 333-342.
    • (1971) Vis. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 333-342
    • Easter, S.S.1
  • 10
    • 0015318255 scopus 로고
    • Pursuit eye movements in goldfish (Carassius auratus)
    • Easter S. S. (1972) Pursuit eye movements in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Vis. Res. 12, 673-687.
    • (1972) Vis. Res. , vol.12 , pp. 673-687
    • Easter, S.S.1
  • 11
    • 0001827880 scopus 로고
    • Horizontal compensatory eye movements in goldfish (Carassius auratus)
    • Easter S. S., Johns P. R. and Heekenlively D. (1974) Horizontal compensatory eye movements in goldfish (Carassius auratus). J. comp. Physiol. 92, 23-35.
    • (1974) J. Comp. Physiol. , vol.92 , pp. 23-35
    • Easter, S.S.1    Johns, P.R.2    Heekenlively, D.3
  • 12
    • 0023731118 scopus 로고
    • Flexible body dynamics of the goldfish C-start: Implications for reticulospinal command mechanism
    • Eaton R. C., DiDomenico R. and Nissanov J. (1988) Flexible body dynamics of the goldfish C-start: implications for reticulospinal command mechanism. J. Neurosci. 8, 2758-2768.
    • (1988) J. Neurosci. , vol.8 , pp. 2758-2768
    • Eaton, R.C.1    DiDomenico, R.2    Nissanov, J.3
  • 13
    • 0002092757 scopus 로고
    • Tectal mechanisms that underlie prey-catching and avoidance behaviors in toads
    • (ed. Vanegas H.). Plenum, New York
    • Ewert J. P. (1984) Tectal mechanisms that underlie prey-catching and avoidance behaviors in toads. In Comparative Neurology of the Optic Tectum (ed. Vanegas H.), pp. 247-416. Plenum, New York.
    • (1984) Comparative Neurology of the Optic Tectum , pp. 247-416
    • Ewert, J.P.1
  • 14
    • 0014118332 scopus 로고
    • Saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements in the monkey
    • Fuchs A. F. (1967) Saccadic and smooth pursuit eye movements in the monkey. J. Physiol., Lond 191, 609-631.
    • (1967) J. Physiol., Lond. , vol.191 , pp. 609-631
    • Fuchs, A.F.1
  • 15
    • 0001742521 scopus 로고
    • Eye positions in fishes suggest different modes of interaction between commands and reflexes
    • Graf W. and Meyer D. L. (1978) Eye positions in fishes suggest different modes of interaction between commands and reflexes. J. comp. Physiol. 128, 241-250.
    • (1978) J. Comp. Physiol. , vol.128 , pp. 241-250
    • Graf, W.1    Meyer, D.L.2
  • 16
    • 0000814636 scopus 로고
    • Control of saccadic eye and gaze movements by the superior colliculus and basal ganglia
    • (ed. Carpenter R. H. S.). MacMillan, London
    • Guitton D. (1991) Control of saccadic eye and gaze movements by the superior colliculus and basal ganglia. In Vision and Visual Dysfunction, Eye Movements (ed. Carpenter R. H. S.), Vol. 8, pp. 244-276. MacMillan, London.
    • (1991) Vision and Visual Dysfunction, Eye Movements , vol.8 , pp. 244-276
    • Guitton, D.1
  • 17
    • 0018893333 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the superior colliculus in the alert cat. I. Eye movements and neck EMG activity evoked when the head is restrained
    • Guitton D., Crommelinck M. and Roucoux A. (1980) Stimulation of the superior colliculus in the alert cat. I. Eye movements and neck EMG activity evoked when the head is restrained. Expl Brain Res. 39, 63-73.
    • (1980) Expl Brain Res. , vol.39 , pp. 63-73
    • Guitton, D.1    Crommelinck, M.2    Roucoux, A.3
  • 18
    • 0027266925 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of synaptic terminals from prepositus neurones on the collicular maps
    • Hardy O. and Corvisier J. (1992) Distribution of synaptic terminals from prepositus neurones on the collicular maps. NeuroReport 4, 511-514.
    • (1992) NeuroReport , vol.4 , pp. 511-514
    • Hardy, O.1    Corvisier, J.2
  • 19
    • 0343170482 scopus 로고
    • Collicular control of saccades by the prepositus feedback loop
    • (eds Delgado-Garcia J. M., Godaux P. and Vidal P. P.). Pergamon, Oxford
    • Hardy O. and Corvisier J. (1994) Collicular control of saccades by the prepositus feedback loop. In Information Processing Underlying Gaze Control (eds Delgado-Garcia J. M., Godaux P. and Vidal P. P.), pp. 97-108. Pergamon, Oxford.
    • (1994) Information Processing Underlying Gaze Control , pp. 97-108
    • Hardy, O.1    Corvisier, J.2
  • 20
    • 0018908744 scopus 로고
    • The superior colliculus and movements of the head and eyes in cats
    • Harris L. R. (1980) The superior colliculus and movements of the head and eyes in cats. J. Physiol. 300, 367-391.
    • (1980) J. Physiol. , vol.300 , pp. 367-391
    • Harris, L.R.1
  • 21
    • 0342300916 scopus 로고
    • Visual contrast thresholds of the goldfish (Carassius auratus)
    • Hester F. J. (1968) Visual contrast thresholds of the goldfish (Carassius auratus). Vis. Res. 11, 333-342.
    • (1968) Vis. Res. , vol.11 , pp. 333-342
    • Hester, F.J.1
  • 22
    • 0021952559 scopus 로고
    • Modification of saccadic eye movements by GABA-related substances. I. Effects of muscimol and bicuculline in monkey superior colliculus
    • Hikosaka O. and Wurtz R. H. (1985) Modification of saccadic eye movements by GABA-related substances. I. Effects of muscimol and bicuculline in monkey superior colliculus. J. Neurophysiol. 53, 266-291.
    • (1985) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.53 , pp. 266-291
    • Hikosaka, O.1    Wurtz, R.H.2
  • 23
    • 0000979596 scopus 로고
    • Types of visual response from single units in the optic tectum and optic nerve of the goldfish
    • Jacobson M. and Gaze R. M. (1964) Types of visual response from single units in the optic tectum and optic nerve of the goldfish. Q. Jl exp. Physiol. 49, 199-209.
    • (1964) Q. Jl Exp. Physiol. , vol.49 , pp. 199-209
    • Jacobson, M.1    Gaze, R.M.2
  • 24
    • 0014576711 scopus 로고
    • Evidence for efference copy for eye movements in fish
    • Johnstone J. R. and Mark R. F. (1969) Evidence for efference copy for eye movements in fish. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 30, 931-950.
    • (1969) Comp. Biochem. Physiol. , vol.30 , pp. 931-950
    • Johnstone, J.R.1    Mark, R.F.2
  • 25
    • 0025781055 scopus 로고
    • Bypassing the saccadic pulse generator: Possible control of head movement trajectory by rat superior colliculus
    • King S. M., Dean P. and Redgrave P. (1991) Bypassing the saccadic pulse generator: possible control of head movement trajectory by rat superior colliculus. Eur. J. Neurosci. 3, 790-801.
    • (1991) Eur. J. Neurosci. , vol.3 , pp. 790-801
    • King, S.M.1    Dean, P.2    Redgrave, P.3
  • 26
    • 0024295669 scopus 로고
    • Population coding of saccadic eye movements by neurons in the superior colliculus
    • Lee C., Rohrer W. H. and Sparks D. L. (1988) Population coding of saccadic eye movements by neurons in the superior colliculus. Nature 332, 357-360.
    • (1988) Nature , vol.332 , pp. 357-360
    • Lee, C.1    Rohrer, W.H.2    Sparks, D.L.3
  • 27
    • 0026953236 scopus 로고
    • Dynamic feedback to the superior colliculus in a neural network model of the gaze control system
    • Lefèvre P. and Galiana H. L. (1992) Dynamic feedback to the superior colliculus in a neural network model of the gaze control system. Neural Networks 5, 871-890.
    • (1992) Neural Networks , vol.5 , pp. 871-890
    • Lefèvre, P.1    Galiana, H.L.2
  • 28
    • 0025872555 scopus 로고
    • Location of saccade-related neurons in the macaque superior colliculus
    • Ma T. P., Graybiel A. M. and Wurtz R. H. (1991) Location of saccade-related neurons in the macaque superior colliculus. Expl Brain Res. 85, 21-35.
    • (1991) Expl Brain Res. , vol.85 , pp. 21-35
    • Ma, T.P.1    Graybiel, A.M.2    Wurtz, R.H.3
  • 29
    • 0026727292 scopus 로고
    • Brainstem control of orienting movements: Intrinsic coordinate systems and underlying circuitry
    • Masino T. (1992) Brainstem control of orienting movements: intrinsic coordinate systems and underlying circuitry. Brain Behav. Evol. 40, 98-111.
    • (1992) Brain Behav. Evol. , vol.40 , pp. 98-111
    • Masino, T.1
  • 30
    • 0025336638 scopus 로고
    • Distinct neural circuits control horizontal and vertical components of head movement in the barn owl
    • Masino T. and Knudsen E. I. (1990) Distinct neural circuits control horizontal and vertical components of head movement in the barn owl. Nature 345, 434-437.
    • (1990) Nature , vol.345 , pp. 434-437
    • Masino, T.1    Knudsen, E.I.2
  • 31
    • 0027395690 scopus 로고
    • Orienting head movements resulting from electrical microstimulation of the brainstem tegmentum in the barn owl
    • Masino T. and Knudsen E. I. (1993) Orienting head movements resulting from electrical microstimulation of the brainstem tegmentum in the barn owl. J. Neurosci. 13, 351-370.
    • (1993) J. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 351-370
    • Masino, T.1    Knudsen, E.I.2
  • 32
    • 0019922527 scopus 로고
    • Eye movements evoked by electrical stimulation in the superior colliculus of rats and hamsters
    • McHaffie J. G. and Stein B. E. (1982) Eye movements evoked by electrical stimulation in the superior colliculus of rats and hamsters. Brain Res. 247, 243-253.
    • (1982) Brain Res. , vol.247 , pp. 243-253
    • McHaffie, J.G.1    Stein, B.E.2
  • 33
    • 0022619579 scopus 로고
    • Effects of eye position on saccades evoked electrically from superior colliculus of alert cats
    • McIlwain J. T. (1986) Effects of eye position on saccades evoked electrically from superior colliculus of alert cats. J. Neurophysiol. 55, 97-112.
    • (1986) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.55 , pp. 97-112
    • McIlwain, J.T.1
  • 34
    • 0024178972 scopus 로고
    • Effects of eye position on electrically evoked saccades: A theoretical note
    • McIlwain J. T. (1988) Effects of eye position on electrically evoked saccades: a theoretical note. Vis. Neurosci. 1, 239-244.
    • (1988) Vis. Neurosci. , vol.1 , pp. 239-244
    • McIlwain, J.T.1
  • 35
    • 0025398190 scopus 로고
    • Topography of eye-position sensitivity of saccades evoked electrically from the cat's superior colliculus
    • McIlwain J. T. (1990) Topography of eye-position sensitivity of saccades evoked electrically from the cat's superior colliculus. Vis. Neurosci. 4, 289-298.
    • (1990) Vis. Neurosci. , vol.4 , pp. 289-298
    • McIlwain, J.T.1
  • 36
    • 0014709204 scopus 로고
    • Reizversuche im tectum opticum freischwimmender abeljaue bzw. Dorsche (Gadus morrhua L.)
    • Meyer D. L., Schott D. and Schaefer K. P. (1970) Reizversuche im tectum opticum freischwimmender abeljaue bzw. Dorsche (Gadus morrhua L.). Pflügers Arch. 314, 240-252.
    • (1970) Pflügers Arch. , vol.314 , pp. 240-252
    • Meyer, D.L.1    Schott, D.2    Schaefer, K.P.3
  • 37
    • 0023792705 scopus 로고
    • Structure-function relationships in the primate superior colliculus. II. Morphological identity of presaccadic neurons
    • Moschovakis A. K., Karabelas A. B. and Highstein S. M. (1988) Structure-function relationships in the primate superior colliculus. II. Morphological identity of presaccadic neurons. J. Neurophysiol. 60, 262-302.
    • (1988) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.60 , pp. 262-302
    • Moschovakis, A.K.1    Karabelas, A.B.2    Highstein, S.M.3
  • 38
    • 0026343003 scopus 로고
    • Control of orienting gaze shifts by the tectoreticulospinal system in the head-free cat. III. Spatiotemporal characteristics of phasic motor discharges
    • Munoz D. P., Guitton D. and Pelisson D. (1991) Control of orienting gaze shifts by the tectoreticulospinal system in the head-free cat. III. Spatiotemporal characteristics of phasic motor discharges. J. Neurophysiol. 66, 1642-1666.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.66 , pp. 1642-1666
    • Munoz, D.P.1    Guitton, D.2    Pelisson, D.3
  • 39
    • 0029073124 scopus 로고
    • Saccade related activity in monkey superior colliculus. II. Spread of activity during saccades
    • Munoz D. P. and Wurtz R. H. (1995) Saccade related activity in monkey superior colliculus. II. Spread of activity during saccades. J. Neurophysiol. 73, 2334-2348.
    • (1995) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.73 , pp. 2334-2348
    • Munoz, D.P.1    Wurtz, R.H.2
  • 40
    • 0028835359 scopus 로고
    • Nonstationary properties of the saccadic system: New constraints on models of saccadic control
    • Nichols M. J. and Sparks D. L. (1995) Nonstationary properties of the saccadic system: new constraints on models of saccadic control. J. Neurophysiol. 73, 431-435.
    • (1995) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.73 , pp. 431-435
    • Nichols, M.J.1    Sparks, D.L.2
  • 41
    • 0002741031 scopus 로고
    • Reticulospinal control of rapid escape turning in fishes
    • Nissanov J. and Eaton R. C. (1989) Reticulospinal control of rapid escape turning in fishes. Am. Zool. 29, 103-121.
    • (1989) Am. Zool. , vol.29 , pp. 103-121
    • Nissanov, J.1    Eaton, R.C.2
  • 42
    • 0021216331 scopus 로고
    • Visual and saccadic activity in the goldfish torus longitudinalis
    • Northmore D. P. M. (1984) Visual and saccadic activity in the goldfish torus longitudinalis. J. comp. Physiol. 155, 333-340.
    • (1984) J. Comp. Physiol. , vol.155 , pp. 333-340
    • Northmore, D.P.M.1
  • 43
    • 0024274032 scopus 로고
    • Behavior evoked by electrical stimulation of the hamster superior colliculus
    • Northmore D. P. M., Levine E. S. and Schneider G. E. (1988) Behavior evoked by electrical stimulation of the hamster superior colliculus. Expl Brain Res. 73, 595-605.
    • (1988) Expl Brain Res. , vol.73 , pp. 595-605
    • Northmore, D.P.M.1    Levine, E.S.2    Schneider, G.E.3
  • 44
    • 0008475091 scopus 로고
    • Control of saccade trajectory by the superior colliculus
    • (eds Fuchs A. F., Brandt T., Búttner U. and Zee D. S.). Springer, Berlin
    • Optican L. M. (1994) Control of saccade trajectory by the superior colliculus. In Contemporary Ocular Motor and Vestibular Research: A Tribute to David A. Robinson (eds Fuchs A. F., Brandt T., Búttner U. and Zee D. S.), pp. 98-105. Springer, Berlin.
    • (1994) Contemporary Ocular Motor and Vestibular Research: A Tribute to David A. Robinson , pp. 98-105
    • Optican, L.M.1
  • 45
    • 0028131130 scopus 로고
    • Gaze shifts evoked by stimulation of the superior colliculus in the head-free cat conform to the motor map but also depend on stimulus strength and fixation activity
    • Paré M., Crommelinck M. and Guitton D. (1994) Gaze shifts evoked by stimulation of the superior colliculus in the head-free cat conform to the motor map but also depend on stimulus strength and fixation activity. Expl Brain Res. 101, 123-139.
    • (1994) Expl Brain Res. , vol.101 , pp. 123-139
    • Paré, M.1    Crommelinck, M.2    Guitton, D.3
  • 46
    • 0026333939 scopus 로고
    • Discharge characteristics of medial rectus and abducens motoneurons in the goldfish
    • Pastor A. M., Torres B., Delgado-García J. M. and Baker R. (1991) Discharge characteristics of medial rectus and abducens motoneurons in the goldfish. J. Neurophysiol. 66, 2125-2140.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.66 , pp. 2125-2140
    • Pastor, A.M.1    Torres, B.2    Delgado-García, J.M.3    Baker, R.4
  • 47
    • 0015432480 scopus 로고
    • Eye movements evoked by collicular stimulation in the alert monkey
    • Robinson D. A. (1972) Eye movements evoked by collicular stimulation in the alert monkey. Vis. Res. 12, 1795-1808.
    • (1972) Vis. Res. , vol.12 , pp. 1795-1808
    • Robinson, D.A.1
  • 48
    • 0018855722 scopus 로고
    • Stimulation of the superior colliculus in the alert cat. II. Eye and head movements when the head is unrestrained
    • Roucoux A., Guitton D. and Crommelinck M. (1980) Stimulation of the superior colliculus in the alert cat. II. Eye and head movements when the head is unrestrained. Expl Brain Res. 39, 75-85.
    • (1980) Expl Brain Res. , vol.39 , pp. 75-85
    • Roucoux, A.1    Guitton, D.2    Crommelinck, M.3
  • 49
    • 0022624364 scopus 로고
    • Movements resembling orientation or avoidance elicited by electrical stimulation of the superior colliculus in rats
    • Sahibzada N., Dean P. and Redgrave P. (1986) Movements resembling orientation or avoidance elicited by electrical stimulation of the superior colliculus in rats. J. Neurosci. 6, 723-733.
    • (1986) J. Neurosci. , vol.6 , pp. 723-733
    • Sahibzada, N.1    Dean, P.2    Redgrave, P.3
  • 50
    • 0342300914 scopus 로고
    • On the role of the goldfish optic tectum in the generation of eye movements
    • (eds Delgado-Garcia J. M., Godaux E. and Vidal P. P.). Pergamon, Oxford
    • Salas C., Herrero L., Rodriguez F. and Torres B. (1994) On the role of the goldfish optic tectum in the generation of eye movements. In Information Processing Underlying Gaze Control (eds Delgado-Garcia J. M., Godaux E. and Vidal P. P.), pp. 87-95. Pergamon, Oxford.
    • (1994) Information Processing Underlying Gaze Control , pp. 87-95
    • Salas, C.1    Herrero, L.2    Rodriguez, F.3    Torres, B.4
  • 51
    • 0026547424 scopus 로고
    • Effects of diazepam and D-amphetamine on rhythmic pattern of eye movements in goldfish
    • Salas C., Navarro F., Torres B. and Delgado-García J. M. (1992) Effects of diazepam and D-amphetamine on rhythmic pattern of eye movements in goldfish. NeuroReport 3, 131-134.
    • (1992) NeuroReport , vol.3 , pp. 131-134
    • Salas, C.1    Navarro, F.2    Torres, B.3    Delgado-García, J.M.4
  • 52
    • 0015429629 scopus 로고
    • Single-unit recording and stimulation in superior colliculus of the alert rhesus monkey
    • Schiller P. H. and Stryker M. (1972) Single-unit recording and stimulation in superior colliculus of the alert rhesus monkey. J. Neurophysiol. 35, 915-924.
    • (1972) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.35 , pp. 915-924
    • Schiller, P.H.1    Stryker, M.2
  • 53
    • 0342300913 scopus 로고
    • Organization of the visual projection upon the optic tectum of some freshwater fish
    • Schwassmann H. O. and Kruger L. (1965) Organization of the visual projection upon the optic tectum of some freshwater fish. J. comp. Neurol. 124, 113-126.
    • (1965) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.124 , pp. 113-126
    • Schwassmann, H.O.1    Kruger, L.2
  • 54
    • 0342735947 scopus 로고
    • Initial orbital position affects the trajectories of large saccades evoked by electrical stimulation of the superior colliculus
    • Segraves M. A. and Goldberg M. E. (1984) Initial orbital position affects the trajectories of large saccades evoked by electrical stimulation of the superior colliculus. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 10, 389.
    • (1984) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.10 , pp. 389
    • Segraves, M.A.1    Goldberg, M.E.2
  • 55
    • 0343605989 scopus 로고
    • Properties of eye and head movement evoked by electrical stimulation of the monkey superior colliculus
    • Segraves M. A. and Goldberg M. E. (1985) Properties of eye and head movement evoked by electrical stimulation of the monkey superior colliculus. Invest. Ophthal. vis. Sci. 26 Suppl., 255.
    • (1985) Invest. Ophthal. Vis. Sci. , vol.26 , Issue.SUPPL. , pp. 255
    • Segraves, M.A.1    Goldberg, M.E.2
  • 56
    • 0002803283 scopus 로고
    • Properties of eye and head movement evoked by electrical stimulation of the monkey superior colliculus
    • (eds Berthoz A., Graf W. and Vidal P. P.). Oxford University Press, New York
    • Segraves M. A. and Goldberg M. E. (1991) Properties of eye and head movement evoked by electrical stimulation of the monkey superior colliculus. In The Head-Neck Sensory-Motor System (eds Berthoz A., Graf W. and Vidal P. P.), pp. 292-295. Oxford University Press, New York.
    • (1991) The Head-neck Sensory-motor System , pp. 292-295
    • Segraves, M.A.1    Goldberg, M.E.2
  • 57
    • 0025304049 scopus 로고
    • Signal transformations required for the generation of saccadic eye movements
    • Sparks D. L. and Mays L. E. (1990) Signal transformations required for the generation of saccadic eye movements. A. Rev. Neurosci. 13, 309-336.
    • (1990) A. Rev. Neurosci. , vol.13 , pp. 309-336
    • Sparks, D.L.1    Mays, L.E.2
  • 58
    • 0017355240 scopus 로고
    • Direct ipsilateral retinal projection in goldfish (Carassius auratus)
    • Springer A. D. and Landreth G. E. (1977) Direct ipsilateral retinal projection in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Brain Res. 124, 533-550.
    • (1977) Brain Res. , vol.124 , pp. 533-550
    • Springer, A.D.1    Landreth, G.E.2
  • 59
    • 0342735946 scopus 로고
    • The effects of stimulation parameters on the metrics and dynamics of saccades evoked by electrical stimulation of the primate superior colliculus
    • Stanford T. R., Freedman E. G., Levine J. M. and Sparks D. L. (1993) The effects of stimulation parameters on the metrics and dynamics of saccades evoked by electrical stimulation of the primate superior colliculus. Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. 19 part 1, 786.
    • (1993) Soc. Neurosci. Abstr. , vol.19 , Issue.PART 1 , pp. 786
    • Stanford, T.R.1    Freedman, E.G.2    Levine, J.M.3    Sparks, D.L.4
  • 60
    • 0019459038 scopus 로고
    • Sensory representation in reptilian optic tectum: Some comparisons with mammals
    • Stein B. E. and Gaither N. S. (1981) Sensory representation in reptilian optic tectum: some comparisons with mammals. J. comp. Neurol. 202, 69-87.
    • (1981) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.202 , pp. 69-87
    • Stein, B.E.1    Gaither, N.S.2
  • 62
    • 0029176034 scopus 로고
    • Distribution of neurons projecting to the trochlear nucleus in goldfish (Carassius auratus)
    • Torres B., Fernandez S., Rodriguez F. and Salas C. (1995) Distribution of neurons projecting to the trochlear nucleus in goldfish (Carassius auratus). Brain Behav. Evol. 45, 272-285.
    • (1995) Brain Behav. Evol. , vol.45 , pp. 272-285
    • Torres, B.1    Fernandez, S.2    Rodriguez, F.3    Salas, C.4
  • 63
    • 0026731565 scopus 로고
    • Afferents to the oculomotor nucleus in the goldfish (Carassius auratus) as revealed by retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase
    • Torres B., Pastor A. M., Cabrera B., Salas C. and Delgado-Garcia J. M. (1992) Afferents to the oculomotor nucleus in the goldfish (Carassius auratus) as revealed by retrograde labeling with horseradish peroxidase. J. comp. Neurol. 324, 449-461.
    • (1992) J. Comp. Neurol. , vol.324 , pp. 449-461
    • Torres, B.1    Pastor, A.M.2    Cabrera, B.3    Salas, C.4    Delgado-Garcia, J.M.5
  • 64
    • 0011305519 scopus 로고
    • Vision in fish: The origins of the visual frame for action in vertebrates
    • (ed. Ingle D.). University of Chicago Press, Chicago
    • Trevarthen C. (1968) Vision in fish: the origins of the visual frame for action in vertebrates. In The Central Nervous System and Fish Behavior (ed. Ingle D.), pp. 61-94. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.
    • (1968) The Central Nervous System and Fish Behavior , pp. 61-94
    • Trevarthen, C.1
  • 65
    • 0025122074 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of saccades evoked by visual stimulation and collicular electrical stimulation in the alert monkey
    • Van Opstal A. J., Van Gisbergen J. A. M. and Smit A. C. (1990) Comparison of saccades evoked by visual stimulation and collicular electrical stimulation in the alert monkey. Expl Brain Res. 79, 299-312.
    • (1990) Expl Brain Res. , vol.79 , pp. 299-312
    • Van Opstal, A.J.1    Van Gisbergen, J.A.M.2    Smit, A.C.3
  • 66
    • 0026351148 scopus 로고
    • Superior colliculus neurons mediate the dynamic characteristics of saccades
    • Waitzman D. M., Ma T. P., Optican L. M. and Wurtz R. H. (1991) Superior colliculus neurons mediate the dynamic characteristics of saccades. J. Neurophysiol. 66, 1716-1737.
    • (1991) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.66 , pp. 1716-1737
    • Waitzman, D.M.1    Ma, T.P.2    Optican, L.M.3    Wurtz, R.H.4
  • 67
    • 0015375463 scopus 로고
    • Activity of superior colliculus in behaving monkey. III. Cells discharging before eye movements
    • Wurtz R. H. and Goldberg M. F. (1972) Activity of superior colliculus in behaving monkey. III. Cells discharging before eye movements. J. Neurophysiol. 35, 575-586.
    • (1972) J. Neurophysiol. , vol.35 , pp. 575-586
    • Wurtz, R.H.1    Goldberg, M.F.2
  • 68
    • 0017740001 scopus 로고
    • Visual function in goldfish with unilateral and bilateral tectal ablation
    • Yager D., Sharma S. C. and Grover B. C. (1977) Visual function in goldfish with unilateral and bilateral tectal ablation. Brain Res. 137, 267-275.
    • (1977) Brain Res. , vol.137 , pp. 267-275
    • Yager, D.1    Sharma, S.C.2    Grover, B.C.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.