How we do it: Management of facial hyperpigmentation

Journal of Otolaryngology

Volumn 26, Issue 4, 1997, Pages 286-289

  Ellis, David A F ^a,c   Tan, Andre K W ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO   (Canada)

^b QUEEN S UNIVERSITY   (Canada)

^c NONE   (Canada)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CITRIC ACID; GLYCOLIC ACID; HYDROQUINONE; HYDROXYACID; KOJIC ACID; LACTIC ACID; MELANIN; SALICYLIC ACID; SUNSCREEN;

ARTICLE; ESTHETIC SURGERY; FACE; GEL; HUMAN; HYPERPIGMENTATION; LASER SURGERY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RISK FACTOR; SKIN COLOR; SUN EXPOSURE; TOPICAL DRUG ADMINISTRATION; ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION;

CHEMEXFOLIATION; FACE; HUMANS; HYPERPIGMENTATION; LASER SURGERY; PYRONES;

EID: 0030967796     PISSN: 03816605     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: None     Document Type: Article

References (10)

1. Pathak M, Riley F, Fitzpatrick T, et al. Melanin formation in human skin induced by long-wave ultra-violet and visible light. Nature 1962; 193:148.
2. Lavker R, Kaidbey K. Redistribution of melanosomal complexes within keratinocytes following UVA-irradiation: a possible mechanism of cutaneous darkening in man. Arch Dermatol Res 1982; 272:215.
3. Willis I. Effects of long ultraviolet rays on human skin: photoprotective or photoaugmentative. J Invest Dermatol 1973; 59:416.
4. Fitzpatrick T. Soleil et peau, J Med Esthet 1975; 2:33.
5. Fitzpatrick T. The validity and practicality of sun-reactive skin types I through IV. Arch Dermatol 1988; 124:869.
6. Parrish FW, Wiley BJ, Simmons EG, et al. Production of aflatoxins and kojic acid by species of Aspergillus and Penicillium. Appl Microbiol 1966; 14:139.
7. Bhat R, Hadi SM. Photoinactivation of bacteriophage lambda by kojic acid and Fe(III): role of oxygen radical intermediates in reaction. Biochem Mol Biol Int 1994; 32:731.
8. Chen JS, Wei C-I, Marshall MR. Inhibition mechanism of kojic acid on polyphenol oxidase. J Agric Food Chem 1991; 39:1897.
9. Rubin M. Personal communication, 1994.
10. Ellis DAF, Tan AKW, Ellis CS. Superficial micro-peels: glycolic acid and alpha hydroxy acid with kojic acid. Facial Plast Surg 1995; 11(1).