Trypanosoma brucei brucei: A long-term model of human African trypanosomiasis in mice, meningo-encephalitis, astrocytosis, and neurological disorders

Experimental Parasitology

Volumn 85, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 183-192

  Keita, Mahamane ^a,b   Bouteille, Bernard ^a,b   Enanga, Bertin ^a,b   Vallat, Jean Michel ^b   Dumas, Michel ^a,b  

^a UNIVERSITÉ DE LIMOGES   (France)

^b UNIVERSITY OF LIMOGES   (France)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; ASTROCYTOSIS; BLOOD BRAIN BARRIER; CONTROLLED STUDY; HISTOLOGY; IMMUNOPATHOLOGY; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; MOUSE; NEUROLOGIC DISEASE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI;

ANIMALIA; TRYPANOSOMA; TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI BRUCEI; TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI GAMBIENSE;

EID: 0030962917     PISSN: 00144894     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/expr.1996.4136     Document Type: Article

References (60)

1. ADAMS, J. H., HALLER, L., BOA, F. Y., DOUA, F., DAGO, H., AND KONIAN, K. 1986. Human African trypanosomiasis (T. b. gambiense): A study of fatal cases of sleeping sickness with some observations on acute reactive arsenical encephalopathy. Neuropathology and Applied Neurobiology 12, 81-94.
2. AMEVIGBE, M. D. D., JAUBERTEAU-MARCHAN, M. O., BOUTEILLE, B., DOUA, F., BRETON, J. C., NICOLAS, J. A., AND DUMAS, M. 1992. Human African trypanosomiasis: Presence of antibodies to galactocerebrosides. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 47, 652-662.
3. AMOLE, B., SHARDLESS, N., WITTNER, M., AND TANOWITZ, H. B. 1989. Neurochemical measurements in the brains of mice infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei (TREU 667). Annals of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology 83, 225-232.
4. ANTHOONS, J. A. M. S., VAN MARCK, E. A. E., GIGASE, P. E. J., AND STEVENS, W. J. 1989. Immunohistochemical characterization of the mononuclear cells in the brain of the rat with an experimental chronic Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infection. Parasitology Research 75, 251-256.
5. ASONGANYI, T., LANDO, G., AND NGU, J. L. 1989. Serum antibodies against human brain myelin proteins in gambian trypanosomiasis. Annales de la Société Belge de Médecie Tropicale 69, 213-221.
6. BABIKER, E. A., AND LE RAY, D. 1981. Adaptation of low virulence stocks of Trypanosoma b. gambiense to rat and mouse. Annales de la Société Belge de Médecine Tropicale 61, 15-29.
7. BERTRAND, J. BALLET, J., AND SICÉ A. 1935. Les lésions histologiques des centres nerveux dans la trypanosomiase humaine (à propos de deux cas mortels non traités). Annales de l'Institut Pasteur 54, 91-147.
8. BOURGUIGNON, G. C., VAN DER BERGHE, L., AND VAN BOGAERT, L. 1936. La trypanosomiase expérimentale du cynocéphale par voie intrarachidienne. Annales de la Société Belge de Médecine Tropicale 16, 9-35.
9. BUGUET, A., BERT, J., TAPIE, P., BOGUI, P., DOUA, F., MOUANGA, G., STANGHELLINI, A., SARDA, J., TABARAUD, F., GATI, R., MONTMAYEUR, A., CHAUFFARD, F., LONSDORFER, J., AND DUMAS, M. 1994. Distribution du sommeil et de la veille dans la trypanosomose humaine africaine. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 87, 362-367.
10. CALWELL, H. G. 1937. The pathology of the brain in Rhodesian trypanosomiasis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 30, 611-624.
11. CHIRIMWAMI, B., VAN MARCK, E. A. E., BRUCKER, J. M., WERY, M., AND GIGASE, P. E. J. 1988. Progression of central nervous system lesions in the rat infected with Trypanosoma brucei gambiense. A light microscopic study. Annales de la Société Belge de Médecine Tropicale 68, 205-218.
12. COLLOMB, H. 1957. Encéphalite de la trypanosomiase humaine africaine. Synthèse anatomo-clinique. Gazette Médicale de France Science Médicale Pratique 64, 1069-1078.
13. DARJI, A., SILEGHEM, M., HEREMANS, H., BRYS, L., AND DE BAETSELIER, P. 1993. Inhibition of T cell responsiveness during experimental infections with Trypanosoma brucei: active involvement of endogenous Gamma Interferon. Infection and Immunity 61, 3098-3102.
14. DUMAS, M., AND BOA, F. Y. 1988. Human African trypanosomiasis. In "Handbook of Clinical Neurology" (A.A. Harris, Ed.), Vol. 8, pp. 339-344. The Science Publishing Co., New York.
15. ENG, L. F., YU, A. C. H., AND LEE, V. H. 1985. Astrocytes responses to injury. Progress in Brain Research 94, 353-365.
16. FINK, E., AND SCHMIDT, H. 1979. Meningo encephalitis in chronic Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense infection of white mouse. Tropenmedizin und Parasitologie 30, 206-211.
17. GALLAIS, P., AND BADIER, M. 1952. Recherche sur l'encéphalite de la trypanosomiase africaine. Corrélations cliniques, anatomiques, électroencéphalographiques, biologiques. Médecine Tropicale 12, 633-675.
18. GREENWOOD, B. M., AND WHITTLE, H. C. 1980. The pathogenesis of sleeping sickness. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 74, 716-723.
19. HALLER, H., ADAMS, H., MEROUZE, F., AND DAGO, A. 1986. Clinical and pathological aspects of human African trypanosomiasis (T. b. gambiense) with particular reference to reactive arsenical encephalopathy. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 35, 94-99.
20. 2 and sleep. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 559, 374-381.
21. HUNTER, C. A., GOWS, J. W., KENNEDY, P. G. E., JENNINGS, F. W., AND MURRAY, M. 1991. Immunopathology of experimental African sleeping sickness: detection of cytokine mRNA in brains of Trypanosoma b. brucei infected mice. Infection and Immunity 53, 4636-4640.
22. HUNTER, C. A., JENNINGS, F. W., TIERNEY, J. F., MURRAY, M. AND KENNEDY, P. G. E. 1992. Correlation of autoantibody titres with central nervous system pathology in experimental African trypanosomiasis. Journal of Neuroimmunology 41, 143-148.
23. JAUBERTEAU, M. O., BISSER, S., AYED, Z., BRINDEL, I., BOUTEILLE, B., STANGHELLINI, A., GAMPO, S., DOUA, F., BRETON, J. C., AND DUMAS, M. 1994. Détection d'autoanticorps anti-galactocérébrosides au cours de la trypanosomose humaine africaine. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 87, 333-336.
24. JENNINGS, F. W., HUNTER, C. A., KENNEDY, P. G. E., AND MURRAY, M. 1993. Chemotherapy of Trypanosoma brucei infection of CNS: the use of a rapid chemotherapeutic regimen and the development of post-treatment encephalopathies. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 87, 224-226.
25. JENNINGS, F. W., AND GRAY, G. D. 1983. Relapsed parasitaemia following chemotherapy of chronic T. brucei infection in mice and its relation to cerebral trypanosomes. Contribution to Microbiology and Immunology 7, 147-154.
26. JENNINGS, F. W., WHITELAW, D., HOLMES, P. H., CHIZYUKA, H. G. B., AND URQUHART, G. M. 1979. The brain as source of relapsing of Trypanosoma brucei infection in mice after chemotherapy. International Journal of Parasitology 9, 381-384.
27. LOSOS, G. J., AND IKEDE, B. O. 1972. Review of pathology of diseases in domestic and laboratory animals caused by Trypanosoma congolense, T. vivax, T. brucei, T. rhodesiense and T. gambiense. Veterinary Pathology 9, 1-71.
28. MALHOTRA, S. K., SHNITKA, T. K., AND ELBRINK, J. 1990. Reactive astrocytes. Cytobios 61, 133-160.
29. MANUELIDIS, E. E., ROBERTSON, D. H. H., AMBERTSON, I. M., POLAK, M., AND HAYMAKER, W. 1965. Trypanosoma rhodesiense encephalitis. Clinicopathological study of five cases of encephalitis and one of Mel B haemorrhagic encephalopathy. Acta Neuropathologica 5, 176-204.
30. MOLYNEUX, D. H., DE RAADT, P., AND SEED, J. R. 1984. African human trypanosomiasis. In "Recent Advances in Tropical Medicine I" (H. M. Gilles, Ed.), pp. 39-62. Churchill Livingstone Edinburgh, London.
31. MOTT, F. W. 1906. Histological observation on sleeping sickness and other trypanosome infections. Reports of sleeping sickness and other trypanosome infections. Reports of Sleeping Sickness Commission No VII, pp. 5-46.
32. OKOMO-ASSOUMOU, M. C., GEFFARD, M., DAULOUEDE, S. CHAUGIER, C., LEMESRE, J. L., AND VINCENDEAU, P. 1995. Circulating antibodies directed against tryptophan-like epitopes in sera of patients with human African trypanosomiasis. American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 52, 461-467.
33. + T cells: A trypanosomes-released factor triggers interferon-γ production that stimulates parasite growth. European Journal of Immunology 21, 2447-2454.
34. OLSSON, T., BAKHIET, M., HOJEBERG, B., LJUNGDAHL, A., EDLUND, C., ANDERSSON, G., EKRE, H., FUNG-LEUNG, W., MAK, T., WIGZELL, H., FISZER, U., AND KRISTENSSON, K. 1993. CD8 is critically involved in lymphocyte activation by T. brucei brucei-released molecule. Cell 72, 715-727.
35. PENTREATH, V. W. 1989. Neurobiology of sleeping sickness. Parasitology Today 5, 215-218.
36. PENTREATH, V. W. 1995. Trypanosomiasis and the nervous system. Pathology and immunology. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 89, 9-15.
37. PENTREATH, V. W., COOKSON, M. R., INGRAM, G. A., MEAD, C., AND ALAFIATAYO, R. A. 1994. Trypanosoma brucei products activate components of the reactive response in astrocytes in vitro. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 87, 323-329.
38. 2 is selectively elevated in cerebrospinal fluid of advanced sleeping sickness patients. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 84, 795-799.
39. PEPIN, J., AND MILORD, F. 1991. African trypanosomiasis and drug induced encephalopathy: risk factors and pathogenesis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 85, 222-224.
40. PEPIN, J., MILORD, F., GUERN, C., MPIA, B., ETHIER, L., AND MANSISA, D. 1989. Trial of prednisolone for prevention of melarsoprol-induced encephalopathy in gambiense sleeping sickness. Lancet i, 1246-1250.
41. POLTERA, A. A. 1983. A comparative immunopathological study of cerebral trypanosomiasis in mice using T. b. brucei or T. b. gambiense. 17th International Scientific Council for Trypanosomiasis Research and Control, October 1981, Arusha, Tanzania. OAU/STRC publication No 112. The Scientific Division of Eleza Services, Nairobi, Kenya, pp. 263-266.
42. POLTERA, A. A., HOCHMAN, A., AND LAMBERT, P. H. 1982. Trypanosoma b. gambiense; cerebral immunopathology in mice. Acta Tropica 39, 205-218.
43. POLTERA, A. A., HOCHMAN, A., RUDIN, W., AND LAMBERT, P. H. 1980. Trypanosoma brucei brucei: a model for cerebral trypanosomiasis in mice. An immunological, histological and electronmicroscopic study. Clinical Experimental Immunology 40, 496-507.
44. POLTERA, A. A., OWOR, R., AND COX, J. N. 1977. Pathological aspect of human African trypanosomiasis (HAT) in Uganda. A post-mortem survey of fourteen cases. Virchows Archives of Pathologic and Anatomic Histology 373, 249-265.
45. POLTERA, A. A., SAYER, P. D., BRIGHOUSE, G., BOVELL, D., AND RUDIN, W. 1985. Immunopathological aspects of trypanosomal meningo-encephalitis in vervet monkeys after relapse following Berenyl treatment. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 79, 527-531.
46. ROTTENBERG, M. E., BAKHIET, M., OLSSON, T., KRISTENSSON, K., MAK, T., WIGZELL, H., AND ORN, A. 1993. Differential susceptibilities of mice genomically deleted of CD4 and CD8 to infection with Trypanosoma cruzi or Trypanosoma brucei. Infection and Immunity 61, 5129-5133.
47. ROUBAUD, E., STEPHANOPOULO, G. J., AND DUVALON, S. 1944. Etude chez le rat blanc d'une sourche neurotrope de T. gambiense. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 37, 292-296.
48. SCHMIDT, H. 1983. The pathogenesis of trypanosomiasis of the CNS. Studies on parasitological and neurohistological findings in Trypanosoma rhodesiense infected vervet monkeys. Virchows Archives (Pathology and Anatomy) 399, 333-343.
49. SCHULTZBERG, M., AMBATSIS, M., SAMUELSSON, E. B., KRISTENSSON, K., AND VAN MEIRVENNE, N. 1988. Spread of Trypanosoma brucei in the nervous system: early attack on circumventricular organs and sensory ganglia. Journal of Neuroscience Research 21, 56-61.
50. SEED, J. R., AND HALL, J. E. 1980. A review on the use of Microtus montanus as applicable experimental model for study of African trypanosomiasis. Annales de la Société Belge de Médecine Tropicale 60, 341-348.
51. SEED, J. R., AND NEGUS, N. C. 1970. Susceptibility of Microtus montanus to infection by Trypanosoma gambiense. Laboratory Animals Care 20, 657-661.
52. STEPHANOPOULO, G., AND ETEVE, J. 1943. Encéphalomyélite de la souris blanche due á une souche «neurotrope» de Trypanosoma gambiense. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 36, 43-46.
53. STEPHANOPOULO, G., GAUBET, P., AND DUVALON, S. 1945. Meningo-encéphalite à Trypanosoma gambiense (souche neurotrope) observée chex le lapin. Bulletin de la Société de Pathologie Exotique 38, 271-275.
54. STERNBERG, J., AND MCGUIGNAN, F. 1992. Nitric oxide mediates suppression of T cell response in murine Trypanosoma brucei infection. European Journal of Immunology 22, 2741-2744.
55. STEVENS, D. R., AND MOULTON, J. E. 1977. Experimental meningo-encephalitis in Trypanosoma brucei infection of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus). A light, immunofluorescent and electron microscopic study. Acta Neuropathologica (Berlin) 38, 173-180.
56. STIBBS, H. H. 1984. Effects of African trypanosomiasis on brain levels of dopamine, serotonin, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid, and homovanillic acid in the rabbit. Journal of Neurochemistry 43, 1253-1256.
57. VAN BOGAERT, L. 1939. Etude sur le mode d'extension de l'histopathologie de la trypanosomiase expérimentale. II La méningo-encéphalite à Trypanosoma marocanum chez le chien. Journal Belge de Neurologie Psychiatrique 39, 295-319.
58. VAN BOGAERT, L., AND DUBOIS, A. 1956. Sur l'encéphalite à Trypanosoma gambiense chez le hamster de Syrie (Misocriterus auratus). Revue Belge de Pathologie 25, 256-264.
59. VAN BOGAERT, L., AND JANSSEN, P. 1957. Contribution à l'étude de la neuropathologie de la trypanosomiase humaine. Annales de la Société Belge de Médecine Tropicale 37, 379-426.
60. VAN MARCK, E. A. E., LE RAY, D., BECKERS, A., JACOB, W., WERY, M., AND GIGASE, P. L. J. 1981. Light and electron microscope studies on extravascular Trypanosoma brucei gambiense in the brain of chronically infected rodents. Annales de la Société Belge de Médecine Tropicale 61, 57-78.