Reproductive toxicity of di-n-butylphthalate in a continuous breeding protocol in Sprague-Dawley rats

Environmental Health Perspectives

Volumn 105, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 102-107

  Wine, Robert N ^a   Li, Ling Hong ^a   Barnes, Leta Hommel ^b   Gulati, Dushyant K ^b   Chapin, Robert E ^a,c  

^a NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

^b Environmental Health Research and Testing   (United States)

^c NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES   (United States)

Author keywords

Continuous breeding; Developmental defects; Di n butylphthalate; Rat; Reproductive toxicity

Indexed keywords

PHTHALIC ACID DIBUTYL ESTER; PLASTIC;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ANIMAL MODEL; ARTICLE; BIRTH WEIGHT; BODY WEIGHT; BREEDING; CONTROLLED STUDY; DIETARY INTAKE; EPIDIDYMIS; ESTRUS CYCLE; FEMALE; FERTILITY; HISTOPATHOLOGY; KIDNEY MASS; LIVER WEIGHT; MALE; MATING; NONHUMAN; PREGNANCY; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY; SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE; SEX DIFFERENCE; SPERM; SPERMATOZOON; SPERMATOZOON COUNT;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0030953834     PISSN: 00916765     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1289/ehp.97105102     Document Type: Article

References (44)

1. Thomas JA, Thomas MJ. Biological effects of the (di-2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and other phthalic esters. CRC Crit Rev Toxicol 13:283-317 (1984).
2. Hausen BM, Milbrodt M, Koenig WA. The allergens of nail polish. (1) Allergenic constituents of common nail polish and toluenesufonamide-formaldehyde resin (JS-F-R). Contact Dermatitis 33:157-164 (1995).
3. Rutledge LC, Gupta RK, Wirtz RA, Buescher MD Evaluation of the laboratory mouse model for screening topical mosquito repellents. J Am Mosq Control Assoc 10:565-571 (1994).
4. Lygre H, Solheim E, Gjerdet NR. Leaching from denture base materials in vitro. Acta Odontol Scand 53:75-80 (1995).
5. Wu CT, Pei XT, Cao JR, Xue HH. A new pharmacological activity of dibutyl phthalate (DBP) on selective elimination of tumor cells from bone marrow. Leuk Res 17:557-560 (1993)
6. Wu CT, Yang K, Pei X, Tang A, Wang F, Wang L. Bone marrow purging with dibutyl phthalate - experimental basis and a preliminary clinical application. Leuk Res 19:557-560 (1995).
7. Cater BR, Cook MW, Gangolli SD, Grasso P. Studies on dibutyl phthalate-induced testicular atrophy in the rat: effect on zinc metabolism. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 41:609-618 (1977).
8. Ema M, Amano H, Ogawa Y. Characterization of the developmental toxicity of di-n-butyl phthalate in rats. Toxicology 86:163-174 (1994).
9. Ema M, Kurosaka R, Amano H, Ogawa Y. Comparative developmental toxicity of n-butyl benyzl phthalate and di-n-butyl phthalate in rats. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 28:223-228 (1995).
10. Fukuoka M, Tanimoto T, Zhou Y, Kawasaki N, Tanaka A, Ikemoto I, Machida T. Mechanism of testicular atrophy induced by di-n-butyl phthalate in rats. Part 1. J Appl Toxicol 9:277-283 (1989).
11. Fukuoka M, Kobayashi T, Zhou Y, Hayakawa T. Mechanism of testicular atrophy induced by di-n-butyl phthalate in rats. Part 4. Changes in the activity of succinate dehydrogenase and the levels of transferrin and ferritin in the Sertoli and germ cells. J Appl Toxicol 13:241-246 (1993).
12. Fukuoka M, Kobayashi T, Hayakawa T. Mechanism of testicular atrophy induced by di-n-butyl phthalate in rats. VI. A possible origin of testicular iron depletion. Biol Pharm Bull 17:1609-1612 (1994).
13. Gray TJB, Gangolli SD. Aspects of the testicular toxicity of phthalate esters. Environ Health Perspect 65:229-235 (1986).
14. Creasy DM, Beech LM, Gray TJB, Butler WH. The ultrastructural effects of di-n-penryl phthalate on the testis of the mature rat. Exp Mol Pathol 46:357-371 (1987).
15. Kluwe M. Overview of phthalate ester pharmacokinetics in mammalian species. Environ Health Perspect 45:3-10 (1982).
16. Thomas JA, Wienckowski DB, Gillies BA, Thomas MJ, Youkilis EJ. Effects of phthalic acid esters (PAEs) on the neonate and aspects of teratogenic actions. Environ Health Perspect 65:243-248 (1986).
17. Dostal LA, Weaver RP, Schwetz BA. Transfer of di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate through rat milk and effects on milk composition and the mammary gland. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 91:315-325 (1987).
18. Jobling S, Reynolds T, White R, Parker MG, Sumpter JP. A variety of environmentally persistent chemicals, including some phthalate plasticizers, are weakly estrogenic. Environ Health Perspect 103:582-587 (1995).
19. Colburn T, Clement C, eds. Chemically-induced alterations in sexual and functional development: the wildlife-human connection. Princeton, NJ:Princeton Scientific Publishing, 1992.
20. Heindel JJ, Lamb JC IV, Chapin RE, Gulati DK, Hope E, George J, Jameson CW, Teague J, Schwetz BA. Reproductive toxicity testing by continuous breeding test protocol in Swiss (CD-1) mice NTIS# TB89152425/AS. Springfieild, VA:National Technical Information Service, 1989.
21. Gulati DK, Teague HJ, Chapin RE. Reproductive toxicity assessment by continuous breeding in Sprague-Dawley rats: a comparison of two study designs. Fundam Appl Toxicol 17:270-279 (1991).
22. Armitage P. Statistical methods in medical research. New York:John Wiley and Sons, 1971.
23. Conover WJ. Practical nonparametric statistics. New York:John Wiley and Sons, 1971.
24. Shirley EA. A nonparametric equivalent of William's test for contrasting increasing dose levels of a treatment. Biometrics 33:386-389 (1977).
25. Williams DA. A note of Shirley's nonparametric test for comparing several dose levels with a zero-dose control. Biometrics 42:183-186 (1986).
26. Jonckheere AR. A distribution-free k-sample test against ordered alternatives. Biometrika 41:133-145 (1954).
27. Dunn OJ. Multiple comparisons using rank sums. Technometrics 6:241-252 (1964).
28. Kruskal WH, Wallis, WA. Use of ranks in one-criterion variance analysis. J Am Statist Assoc 47:583-621 (1952).
29. Neter J, Wasserman W. Applied linear statistical models. Chicago:Richard D. Irwin, 1974.
30. Dunnett W. A multiple comparison procedure for comparing several treatments with a control. J Am Statist Assoc 50:1096-1211 (1955).
31. Morrison DF. Multivariate statistical methods, New York:McGraw Hill, 1976.
32. Schweiz BA, Harris MW. Developmental toxicology: status of the field and contribution to the National Toxicology Program. Environ Health Perspect 100:269-282 (1993).
33. Nikotonow M, Mazure H, Piekacz H. Effect of orally administered plasticizers and polyvinylchloride stabilizers in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 26:253-259 (1973).
34. Reel JR, Lawton AD. Di(n-butyl) phthalate: reproduction and fertility assessment in CD-1 mice when administered in feed. NTIS# PB85144798. Springfield, VA:National Technical Information Service, 1984.
35. Morrissey RE, Lamb JC IV, Morris RW, Chapin RE, Gulati DK, Heindel JJ. Results and evaluations of 48 continuous breeding reproduction studies conducted in mice. Fundam Appl Toxicol 13:747-777 (1989).
36. Sloane RA, Haseman JK, Chapin RE. What can be learned from the reproductive assessment by continuous breeding database? Toxicologist 15:165a (1995).
37. Foster PMD, Thomas LV, Cook MW Gangoli SD Study of the testicular effects and changes in zinc excretion produced by some n-alkyl phthalates in the rat. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 54:392-398 (1980).
38. Boekelheide K. Sertoli cell toxicants In: The sertoli cell (Russell LD, Griswold MD, eds). Clearwater, FL:Cache Rivet Press, 1993;551-575.
39. Dostal LA, Chapin RE, Stefanski SA, Harris MW, Schwetz BA. Testicular toxicity and reduced Sertoli cell numbers in neonatal rats by di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate and the recovery of fertility as adults. Toxicol Appl Pharamacol 95:104-121 (1988).
40. Vorhert H, Messer RH, Vorhert VF, Jordan SW Kornfeld M. Tratogenesis and carcinogenesis in rat offspring after transplacental and transmammary exposure to diethylstilbestrol. Biochem Pharmacol 28:1865-1877 (1979).
41. Newbold RR, Bullock BC, McLachlan JA. Testicular tumors in mice exposed in utero to diethylstilbestrol. J Urol 137:1446-1450 (1987).
42. Oishi S, Hiraga K. Effect of phthalic acid esters on mouse testes. Toxicol Lett 5:413-416 (1980).
43. Foster PMD, Thomas LV, Cook MW, Walters DG Effect of di-n-pentyl phthalate treatment on testicular steroidogenic enzymes and cytochrome P-450 in the rat. Toxicol Lett 15:265-271 (1983).
44. Jones HB, Garside DA, Liu R, Roberts JC. The influence of phthalate esters on Leydig cell structure and function in vitro and in vivo. Exp Mol Pathol 58:179-193 (1993).