Emergency imaging of the acute stroke patient

Journal of Neuroimaging

Volumn 7, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 111-117

  Johnston, Karen C ^a   Haley Jr , E Clarke ^b  

^a UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA HEALTH SYSTEM   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

BRAIN HEMORRHAGE; BRAIN ISCHEMIA; CAROTID ARTERY; COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY; DOPPLER FLOWMETRY; ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY; ECHOGRAPHY; HUMAN; MAGNETIC RESONANCE ANGIOGRAPHY; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING; REVIEW; SINGLE PHOTON EMISSION COMPUTER TOMOGRAPHY; STROKE; SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE; CONVENTIONAL ANGIOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING; DOPPLER ECHOGRAPHY; EMERGENCY HEALTH SERVICE; NEUROIMAGING; TRANSCRANIAL DOPPLER;

EID: 0030943278     PISSN: 10512284     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1111/jon199772111     Document Type: Review

References (73)

1. The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 1995;333: 1581-1587
2. Salerno SM, Landry FJ, Schick JD, Schoomaker EB. The effect of multiple neuroimaging studies on classification, treatment, and outcome of acute ischemic stroke. Ann Intern Med 1996;124:21-26
3. Bryan RN, Levy LM, Whitlow WD, et al. Diagnosis of acute cerebral infarction: comparison of CT and MR imaging. AJNR 1991;12:611-620
4. Wall SD, Brant-Zawadzki M, Jeffrey RB, Barnes B. High frequency CT findings within 24 hours after cerebral infarction. AJR 1982;138:307-311
5. Mohr JP, Biller J, Hilal SK, et al. Magnetic resonance versus computed tomographic imaging in acute stroke. Stroke 1995;26:807-812
6. Shuaib A, Lee D, Pelz D, et al. The impact of magnetic resonance imaging on the management of acute ischemic stroke. Neurology 1992;42:816-818
7. Tomsick T, Brott T, Barsan W, et al. Prognostic value of the hyperdense middle cerebral artery sign and stroke scale score before ultraearly thrombolytic therapy. AJNR 1996;17:79-85
8. Von Kummer R, Meyding-Lamade U, Forsting M, et al. Sensitivity and prognostic value of early CT in occlusion of the middle cerebral artery trunk. AJNR 1994;15:9-15
9. Mohr JP. Diagnostic studies for stroke. In: Barnett HJM, Mohr JP, Stein BM, Yatsu FM, eds. Stroke pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. New York: Churchill-Livingstone, 1992:147-269
10. Hommel M, Besson G, Le Bas JF, et al. Prospective study of lacunar infarction using magnetic resonance imaging. Stroke 1990;21:546-554
11. Adams HP, Brott TG, Furlan AJ, et al. Guidelines for thrombolytic therapy for acute stroke: a supplement to the guidelines for management of patients with acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 1996;27:1711-1718
12. Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Practice advisory: thrombolytic therapy for acute ischemic stroke - summary statement. Neurology 1996;47:835-839
13. Yuh WTC, Crain MR, Loes DJ, et al. MR imaging of cerebral ischemia: findings in the first 24 hours. AJNR 1991;12:621-629
14. Kertesz A, Black SE, Nicholson L, Carr T. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI in stroke. Neurology 1987;37:1580-1585
15. Alberts MJ, Faulstich ME, Gray L. Stroke with negative brain magnetic resonance imaging. Stroke 1992;23:663-667
16. Imakita S, Nishimura T, Yamada N, et al. Magnetic resonance imaging of cerebral infarction: time course of Gd-DTPA enhancement and CT comparison. Neuroradiology 1988;30:372-378
17. Elster AD, Moody DM. Early cerebral infarction: gadopentetate dimeglumine enhancement. Radiology 1990;177:627-632
18. Crain MR, Yuh WTC, Greene GM, et al. Cerebral ischemia: evaluation with contrast-enhanced MR imaging. AJNR 1991;12:631-639
19. Johnson BA, Heiserman JE, Drayer BP, Keller PJ. Intracranial MR angiography: its role in the integrated approach to brain infarction. AJNR 1994;15:901-908
20. Sellar RJ. Imaging blood vessels of the head and neck. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995;59:225-237
21. Sitzer M, Furst G, Fischer H, et al. Between-method correlation in quantifying internal carotid stenosis. Stroke 1993;24:1513-1518
22. Mittl RL, Broderick M, Carpenter JP, et al. Blinded-reader comparison of magnetic resonance angiography and duplex ultrasonography for carotid artery bifurcation stenosis. Stroke 1994;25:4-10
23. Huston J, Lewis BD, Wiebers DO, et al. Carotid artery: prospective blinded comparison of two-dimensional time of flight MR angiography with conventional angiography and duplex US. Radiology 1993;186:339-344
24. Anderson CM, Saloner D, Lee RE, et al. Assessment of carotid artery stenosis by MR angiography: comparison with x-ray angiography and color-coded Doppler ultrasound. AJNR 1992;13:989-1003
25. Polak JF, Bajakian RL, O'Leary DH, et al. Detection of internal carotid artery stenosis: comparison of MR angiography, color Doppler sonography, and arteriography. Radiology 1992;182:35-40
26. Heiserman JE, Drayer BP, Keller PJ, Fram EK. Intracranial vascular stenosis and occlusion: evaluation with three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography. Radiology 1992;185:667-673
27. Gelbert F, Assouline E, Hodes JE, et al. MRI in spontaneous dissection of vertebral and carotid arteries. Neuroradiology 1991;33:111-113
28. Goldberg HI, Grossman RI, Gomori JM, et al. Cervical internal carotid artery dissecting hemorrhage: diagnosis using MR. Radiology 1986;158:157-161
29. North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial Collaborators. Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N Engl J Med 1991;325:445-453
30. Eliasziw M, Streifler JY, Fox AJ, et al, for the North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterectomy Trial. Significance of plaque ulceration in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. Stroke 1994;25:304-308
31. Caplan LR, Wolpert SM. Angiography in patients with occlusive cerebrovascular disease: views of a stroke neurologist and neuroradiologist. AJNR 1991;12:593-601
32. Ackerman RH, Candia MR. Assessment of carotid artery stenosis by MR angiography. AJNR 1992;13:1005-1008
33. Ackerman RH, Candia MR. Identifying clinically relevant carotid disease. Stroke 1994;25:1-3
34. Hankey GJ, Warlow CP, Sellar RJ. Cerebral angiographic risk in mild cerebrovascular disease. Stroke 1990;21: 209-222
35. Hunink MGM, Polak JF, Barlan MM, O'Leary DH. Detection and quantification of carotid artery stenosis: efficacy of various Doppler velocity parameters. AJR 1993;160:619-625
36. Kimura K, Yasaka M, Moriyasu H, et al. Ultrasonographic evaluation of vertebral artery to detect vertebrobasilar axis occlusion. Stroke 1994;25:1006-1009
37. Hoffmann M, Sacco RL, Chan S, Mohr JP. Noninvasive detection of vertebral artery dissection. Stroke 1993;24:815-819
38. Touboul P-J, Bousser M-G, LaPlane D, Castaigne P. Duplex scanning of normal vertebral arteries. Stroke 1986;17:921-923
39. Davis PC, Nilsen B, Braun IF, Hoffman JC. A prospective comparison of duplex sonography vs. angiography of the vertebral arteries. AJNR 1986;7:1059-1064
40. Touboul P-J, Mas J-L, Bousser M-G, Laplane D. Duplex scanning in extracranial vertebral artery dissection. Stroke 1987;18:116-121
41. Trattnig S, Hubsch P, Schuster H, Polzleitner D. Color-coded Doppler imaging of normal vertebral arteries. Stroke 1990;21:1222-1225
42. Biedert S, Betz H, Reuther R. Directional c-w Doppler sonography in the diagnosis of basilar artery disease. Stroke 1987;18:101-107
43. Alexandrov AV, Bladin CF, Norris JW. Intracranial blood flow velocities in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 1994;25: 1378-1383
44. Kushner MJ, Zanette EM, Bastianello S, et al. Transcranial Doppler in acute hemispheric brain infarction. Neurology 1991;41:109-113
45. Zanette EM, Fieschi C, Bozzao L, et al. Comparison of cerebral angiography and transcranial Doppler sonography in acute stroke. Stroke 1989;20:899-903
46. Halsey JH. Prognosis of acute hemiplegia estimated by transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. Stroke 1988;19: 648-649
47. American Academy of Neurology, Therapeutics and Technology Assessment Subcommittee. Assessment: transcranial Doppler. Neurology 1990;40:680-681
48. Leung DY, Black IW, Cranney GB, et al. Selection of patients for transesophageal echocardiography after stroke and systemic embolic events. Stroke 1995;26:1820-1824
49. Wong KS, Liang EY, Lam WWM, et al. Spiral computed tomography angiography in the assessment of middle cerebral artery occlusive disease. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1995;59:537-539
50. Fisher M. Diffusion and perfusion imaging for acute stroke. Neurology 1995;43:606-609
51. Fisher M, Sotak CH, Minematsu K, Li L. New magnetic resonance techniques for evaluating cerebrovascular disease. Ann Neurol 1992;32:115-122
52. Fisher M, Prichard JW, Warach S. New magnetic resonance techniques for acute ischemic stroke. JAMA 1995;274:908-911
53. Hanson SK, Grotta JC, Rhoades H, et al. Value of single-photon emission-computed tomography in acute stroke therapeutic trials. Stroke 1993;24:1322-1329
54. Broich K, Alavi A, Kushner M. Positron emission tomography in cerebrovascular disorders. Semin Nucl Med 1992; 22:224-232
55. Komiyama M, Yasui T, Yagura H, Fu Y. Computed tomoaraphic evaluation of bleeding sites in primary pontine hemorrhages. Stroke 1991;22:1309-1311
56. Weisberg LA. Cerebellar hemorrhage in adults. Clinical and computerized tomographic findings. Comput Radiol 1982;:6:75-81
57. Vonofakos D, Artmann H. CT findings in hemorrhagic cerebral infarct. Comput Radiol 1983;7:75-83
58. Broderick JP, Brott TG, Tomsick T, et al. Ultra-early evaluation of intracerebral hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 1990;72: 195-199
59. Biller J, Gentry LR, Adams HP, Morris DC. Spontaneous hemorrhage in the medulla oblongata: clinical MR correlations. J Comput Assist Tomogr 1986;10:303-306
60. Frank JI, Biller J. Laboratory evaluation of intracerebral hemorrhage. In: Feldman E, ed. Intracerebral hemorrhage. New York: Futura, 1994:257-288
61. Huston J, Rufenacht DA, Ehman RL, Wiebers DO. Intracranial aneurysms and vascular malformations: comparison of time-of-flight and phase-contrast MR angiography. Radiology 1991;181:721-730
62. Marchal G, Bosmans H, Van Fraeyenhoven L, et al. Intracranial vascular lesions: optimization and clinical evaluation of three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography. Radiology 1990;175:443-448
63. Adams HP, Jergenson DD, Kassell NF, Sahs AL. Pitfalls in the recognition of subarachnoid hemorrhage. JAMA 1980;244:794-796
64. Kassell NF, Kongable GL, Torner JC, et al. Delay in referral of patients with ruptured aneurysms to neurosurgical attention. Stroke 1985;16:587-590
65. Scheivink WI, van der Werf DJM, Hageman LM, Dreissen JJR. Referral pattern of patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. Surg Neurol 1988;29:367-371
66. Kassell NF, Torner JC. Aneurysmal rebleeding: a preliminary report from the Cooperative Aneurysm Study. Neurosurgery 1983;13:479-481
67. Sacco RL, Wolf PA, Bharucha NE, et al. Subarachnoid and intracerebral hemorrhage: natural history, prognosis and precursive factors in the Framingham study. Neurology 1984;34:847-854
68. Saveland H, Sonesson B, Ljunggren B, et al. Outcome evaluation following subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 1986;64:191-196
69. Fogelholm R. Subarachnoid hemorrhage in Middle-Finland: incidence, early prognosis and indications for neurosurgical treatment. Stroke 1981;12:296-301
70. Bonita R, Beaglehole R, North JDK. Subarachnoid hemorrhage in New Zealand: an epidemiological study. Stroke 1983;14:342-347
71. Haley EC, Kassell NF, Torner JC, the participants. A randomized controlled trial of high-dose intravenous nicardipine in aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: a report of the Cooperative Aneurysm Study. J Neurosurg 1993;78: 537-547
72. Adams HP, Kassell NF, Torner JC, Haley EC. Predicting cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: influences of clinical condition, CT results, and antifibrinolytic therapy: a report of the Cooperative Aneurysm Study. Neurology 1987;37:1586-1591
73. Kassell NF, Torner JC, Haley EC, et al, participants. The international cooperative study on the timing of aneurysm surgery. J Neurosurg 1990;73:18-36