메뉴 건너뛰기




Volumn 11, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 135-176

Pathogenesis of preterm labor and preterm premature rupture of membranes associated with intraamniotic infection

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ARACHIDONIC ACID; CHEMOKINE; COLONY STIMULATING FACTOR; CYTOKINE; MACROPHAGE INFLAMMATORY PROTEIN 1; MATRIX METALLOPROTEINASE; MONOCYTE CHEMOTACTIC PROTEIN 1; PROSTAGLANDIN; THROMBOCYTE ACTIVATING FACTOR; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA;

EID: 0030937602     PISSN: 08915520     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1016/S0891-5520(05)70347-0     Document Type: Article
Times cited : (302)

References (221)
  • 1
    • 0024271985 scopus 로고
    • Clinicopathologic considerations of fusobacteria chorioamnio-nitis
    • G. Altshuler S. Hyde Clinicopathologic considerations of fusobacteria chorioamnio-nitis Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 67 1988 513 517
    • (1988) Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand , vol.67 , pp. 513-517
    • Altshuler, G.1    Hyde, S.2
  • 2
    • 0025787689 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist: A new member of the interleukin family
    • W.P. Arent Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist: A new member of the interleukin family J Clin Invest 88 1991 1445 1451
    • (1991) J Clin Invest , vol.88 , pp. 1445-1451
    • Arent, W.P.1
  • 3
    • 0025288396 scopus 로고
    • Biological properties of recombinant human monocyte-derived interleukin 1 receptor antagonist
    • W.P. Arent H.G. Welgus R.C. Thompson Biological properties of recombinant human monocyte-derived interleukin 1 receptor antagonist J Clin Invest 85 1990 1694 1697
    • (1990) J Clin Invest , vol.85 , pp. 1694-1697
    • Arent, W.P.1    Welgus, H.G.2    Thompson, R.C.3
  • 4
    • 0019987410 scopus 로고
    • Etiology and outcome of low birth weight and preterm infants
    • Arias F. P. Tomich Etiology and outcome of low birth weight and preterm infants Obstet Gynecol 60 1982 277
    • (1982) Obstet Gynecol , vol.60 , pp. 277
    • Arias, F.1    Tomich, P.2
  • 5
    • 0029149411 scopus 로고
    • Intra-uterine infection in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes: Maternal and neonatal characteristics
    • B. Averbuch M. Mazor I. Shoham-Vardi Intra-uterine infection in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes: Maternal and neonatal characteristics Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 62 1995 25 29
    • (1995) Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol , vol.62 , pp. 25-29
    • Averbuch, B.1    Mazor, M.2    Shoham-Vardi, I.3
  • 6
    • 0022930042 scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandin E2 and collgenase production by fibroblasts and synovial cells is regulated by urine-derived human interleukin 1 and inhibitor(s)
    • 2 and collgenase production by fibroblasts and synovial cells is regulated by urine-derived human interleukin 1 and inhibitor(s) J Clin Invest 78 1986 1120 1124
    • (1986) J Clin Invest , vol.78 , pp. 1120-1124
    • Balvoine, J.F.1    deRochemonteix, B.2    Williamson, K.3
  • 8
    • 0019523478 scopus 로고
    • Premature labor: Bacterial sources of phospholi-pase
    • R. Bejar V. Curbelo C. Davis Premature labor: Bacterial sources of phospholi-pase Obstet Gynecol 57 1981 479 482
    • (1981) Obstet Gynecol , vol.57 , pp. 479-482
    • Bejar, R.1    Curbelo, V.2    Davis, C.3
  • 9
    • 0345223869 scopus 로고
    • Routes and types of infection in the fetus and the newborn
    • K. Benirschke Routes and types of infection in the fetus and the newborn Am J Dis Child 28 1965 714 721
    • (1965) Am J Dis Child , vol.28 , pp. 714-721
    • Benirschke, K.1
  • 10
    • 58149425757 scopus 로고
    • Intrauterine bacterial infection of the newborn infant
    • K. Benirschke S. Clifford Intrauterine bacterial infection of the newborn infant J Pediatr 54 1959 11 18
    • (1959) J Pediatr , vol.54 , pp. 11-18
    • Benirschke, K.1    Clifford, S.2
  • 11
    • 0043045152 scopus 로고
    • The effects of lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid on human myometrial contractility
    • P.R. Bennett M.G. Elder L. Myatt The effects of lipoxygenase metabolites of arachidonic acid on human myometrial contractility Prostaglandins 33 1987 837
    • (1987) Prostaglandins , vol.33 , pp. 837
    • Bennett, P.R.1    Elder, M.G.2    Myatt, L.3
  • 12
    • 0023091017 scopus 로고
    • Preterm labor: Stimulation of arachidonic acid metabolism in human amnion by bacterial products
    • P.R. Bennett M.P. Rose L. Myatt Preterm labor: Stimulation of arachidonic acid metabolism in human amnion by bacterial products Am J Obstet Gynecol 156 1987 649 655
    • (1987) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.156 , pp. 649-655
    • Bennett, P.R.1    Rose, M.P.2    Myatt, L.3
  • 13
    • 0000366984 scopus 로고
    • Infection amniotique et neonatal
    • W. Blanc Infection amniotique et neonatal Gynaecologia 136 1953 101 104
    • (1953) Gynaecologia , vol.136 , pp. 101-104
    • Blanc, W.1
  • 14
    • 0000862584 scopus 로고
    • Pathways of fetal and early neonatal infection: Viral placentitis, bacterial and fungal chorioamnionitis
    • W. Blanc Pathways of fetal and early neonatal infection: Viral placentitis, bacterial and fungal chorioamnionitis J Pediatr 59 1964 473 496
    • (1964) J Pediatr , vol.59 , pp. 473-496
    • Blanc, W.1
  • 15
    • 0019489938 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid infection as determined by transab-dominal anmiocentesis in patients with intact membranes in premature labor
    • Bobbit J. C. Hayslip J. Damato Amniotic fluid infection as determined by transab-dominal anmiocentesis in patients with intact membranes in premature labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 40 1981 947 952
    • (1981) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.40 , pp. 947-952
    • Bobbit, J.1    Hayslip, C.2    Damato, J.3
  • 16
    • 0021091922 scopus 로고
    • Selective intrapartum chemoprophylaxis of neonatal group B streptococcal early onset disease. I. Epidemiologic rationale
    • Boyer K.M. C. Gadzala L.I. Burd Selective intrapartum chemoprophylaxis of neonatal group B streptococcal early onset disease. I. Epidemiologic rationale J Infect Dis 148 1983 795 801
    • (1983) J Infect Dis , vol.148 , pp. 795-801
    • Boyer, K.M.1    Gadzala, C.2    Burd, L.I.3
  • 17
    • 0021857810 scopus 로고
    • Anmiocentesis for gram stain and culture in preterm premature rupture of the membranes
    • Broekhuizen F. M. Gilman P. Hamilton Anmiocentesis for gram stain and culture in preterm premature rupture of the membranes Obstet Gynecol 66 1985 316 321
    • (1985) Obstet Gynecol , vol.66 , pp. 316-321
    • Broekhuizen, F.1    Gilman, M.2    Hamilton, P.3
  • 18
    • 0025719593 scopus 로고
    • Synergistic stimulation of amnion cell prostaglandin F2 synthesis by interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor and products from activated human granulo-cytes
    • K. Bry M. Hallman Synergistic stimulation of amnion cell prostaglandin F2 synthesis by interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor and products from activated human granulo-cytes Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 44 1991 241 245
    • (1991) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids , vol.44 , pp. 241-245
    • Bry, K.1    Hallman, M.2
  • 19
    • 0027460781 scopus 로고
    • Transforming growth factor-J32 prevents preterm delivery induced by interleukin-1α and tumor necrosis factor-a in the rabbit
    • K. Bry M. Hallman Transforming growth factor-J32 prevents preterm delivery induced by interleukin-1α and tumor necrosis factor-a in the rabbit Am J Obstet Gynecol 168 1993 1318 1322
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.168 , pp. 1318-1322
    • Bry, K.1    Hallman, M.2
  • 20
    • 0027407568 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 binding and prostaglandin E2 synthesis by amnion cells in culture: Regulation by tumor necrosis factor-β, transforming growth factor-α, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist
    • 2 synthesis by amnion cells in culture: Regulation by tumor necrosis factor-β, transforming growth factor-α, and interleukin-1 receptor antagonist Biochim Biophys Acta 1181 1993 31 36
    • (1993) Biochim Biophys Acta , vol.1181 , pp. 31-36
    • Bry, K.1    Lappalainen, U.2    Hallman, M.3
  • 21
    • 0028012245 scopus 로고
    • Influence of gender on the concentration of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in amniotic fluid and in newborn urine
    • K. Bry U. Lappalainen F. Waffarn Influence of gender on the concentration of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in amniotic fluid and in newborn urine Pediatr Res 35 1994 130 134
    • (1994) Pediatr Res , vol.35 , pp. 130-134
    • Bry, K.1    Lappalainen, U.2    Waffarn, F.3
  • 22
    • 0028942054 scopus 로고
    • Control of peripartal collagenolysis in the human chorion-decidua
    • G. Bryant-Greenwood S. Yamamoto Control of peripartal collagenolysis in the human chorion-decidua Am J Obstet Gynecol 172 1995 63 70
    • (1995) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.172 , pp. 63-70
    • Bryant-Greenwood, G.1    Yamamoto, S.2
  • 23
    • 85114526030 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bukowski R, Scholz P, Hasan S, et al: Induction of preterm parturition with the interleukin 1βB (IL-1β), tumor necrosis (factor-α (TNF-α) and with LPS in guinea pigs. Presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. Toronto, March 31-April 3, 1993.
  • 24
    • 27844534554 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological management of the unripe cervix in the human
    • Calder A. Pharmacological management of the unripe cervix in the human Naftolin F. Stubblefield P. Dilatation of the Uterine Cervix 1980 Raven Press New York 317
    • (1980) , pp. 317
    • Calder, A.1
  • 25
    • 0025881575 scopus 로고
    • Pharmacological modulation of cervical compliance in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy
    • Calder A.A. I.A. Greer Pharmacological modulation of cervical compliance in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy Semin Perinatol 15 1991 162
    • (1991) Semin Perinatol , vol.15 , pp. 162
    • Calder, A.A.1    Greer, I.A.2
  • 26
    • 0020609752 scopus 로고
    • Involvement of lipoxygenase products in myometrial contractions
    • R. Carraher D.W. Hahn D.M. Ritchie Involvement of lipoxygenase products in myometrial contractions Prostaglandins 26 1983 23 32
    • (1983) Prostaglandins , vol.26 , pp. 23-32
    • Carraher, R.1    Hahn, D.W.2    Ritchie, D.M.3
  • 27
    • 0030030125 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Lower genital tract swabs in the prediction of intrauterine infection in preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes
    • S.G. Carroll S. Papaioannou I.L. Ntumaah Lower genital tract swabs in the prediction of intrauterine infection in preterm prelabour rupture of the membranes Br J Obstet Gynaecol 103 1996 54 59
    • (1996) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.103 , pp. 54-59
    • Carroll, S.G.1    Papaioannou, S.2    Ntumaah, I.L.3
  • 28
    • 0024564252 scopus 로고
    • Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor-formation in human decidua
    • Casey M.L. S.M. Cox B. Beutler Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor-formation in human decidua J Clin Invest 83 1989 430 436
    • (1989) J Clin Invest , vol.83 , pp. 430-436
    • Casey, M.L.1    Cox, S.M.2    Beutler, B.3
  • 29
    • 0002710871 scopus 로고
    • Chorioanmion colonization: Correlation with gestational age in women delivered following spontaneous labor versus indicated delivery
    • G. Cassell W. Andrews J. Hauth Chorioanmion colonization: Correlation with gestational age in women delivered following spontaneous labor versus indicated delivery Am J Obstet Gynecol 68 1993 425 A464
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.68 , pp. 425-A464
    • Cassell, G.1    Andrews, W.2    Hauth, J.3
  • 30
    • 0001347354 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of microorganisms from the chorioamnion is twice that from amniotic fluid at cesarean delivery in women with intact membranes
    • G. Cassell W. Andrews J. Hauth Isolation of microorganisms from the chorioamnion is twice that from amniotic fluid at cesarean delivery in women with intact membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 168 1993 420 A462
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.168 , pp. 420-A462
    • Cassell, G.1    Andrews, W.2    Hauth, J.3
  • 31
    • 85114543493 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • J. Challis Prostaglandins and parturition. The third international conference on the uterus. New York, NYU School of Medicine and the First Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology 1996 University of Bologna Italy
    • (1996)
    • Challis, J.1
  • 32
    • 85114540449 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Chwalisz K, Scholz P, Hegele-Hartung C, et al: Cervical ripening with the interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in pregnant guinea pigs. Presentedat the 40th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. Toronto, March 31-April 3, 1993.
  • 33
    • 0021364040 scopus 로고
    • Use of amniocentesis in preterm gestation with ruptured membranes
    • D. Cotton L. Hill H. Strassner Use of amniocentesis in preterm gestation with ruptured membranes Obstet Gynecol 63 1984 38 43
    • (1984) Obstet Gynecol , vol.63 , pp. 38-43
    • Cotton, D.1    Hill, L.2    Strassner, H.3
  • 34
    • 0026471090 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of rapid diagnostic tests in the detection of microbial invasion of amniotic cavity
    • L. Coultrip J. Grossman Evaluation of rapid diagnostic tests in the detection of microbial invasion of amniotic cavity Am J Obstet Gynecol 167 1992 1231 1242
    • (1992) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.167 , pp. 1231-1242
    • Coultrip, L.1    Grossman, J.2
  • 35
    • 0027967555 scopus 로고
    • The value of amniotic fluid interleukin-6 determination in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes in the detection of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity
    • Coultrip L.L. J.M. Lien R. Gomez The value of amniotic fluid interleukin-6 determination in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes in the detection of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity Am J Obstet Gynecol 171 1994 901 911
    • (1994) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.171 , pp. 901-911
    • Coultrip, L.L.1    Lien, J.M.2    Gomez, R.3
  • 36
    • 0027376015 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1β, 1α and 6 and prostaglandins in vaginal/cervical fluid of pregnant women before and during labor
    • S. Cox M. King M. Casey Interleukin-1β, 1α and 6 and prostaglandins in vaginal/cervical fluid of pregnant women before and during labor J Clin Endocrinol Metab 77 1993 805 815
    • (1993) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.77 , pp. 805-815
    • Cox, S.1    King, M.2    Casey, M.3
  • 37
    • 3342915833 scopus 로고
    • Clinical relevance of interleukin-1 and its multiple biological
    • C.A. Dinarello Clinical relevance of interleukin-1 and its multiple biological Bull Inst Pasteur 85 1987 267
    • (1987) Bull Inst Pasteur , vol.85 , pp. 267
    • Dinarello, C.A.1
  • 39
    • 0025777448 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 and interleukin-1 antagonism
    • Dinarello C.A. Interleukin-1 and interleukin-1 antagonism Blood 77 1991 1627 1652
    • (1991) Blood , vol.77 , pp. 1627-1652
    • Dinarello, C.A.1
  • 40
    • 0026056197 scopus 로고
    • Blocking IL-1: Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in vivo and in vitro
    • C.A. Dinarello R.C. Thompson Blocking IL-1: Interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in vivo and in vitro Immunology Today 12 1991 404 410
    • (1991) Immunology Today , vol.12 , pp. 404-410
    • Dinarello, C.A.1    Thompson, R.C.2
  • 41
    • 0017166711 scopus 로고
    • Primary prostaglandins in amniotic fluid in pregnancy and spontaneous labor
    • F. Dray R. Frydman Primary prostaglandins in amniotic fluid in pregnancy and spontaneous labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 126 1976 13
    • (1976) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.126 , pp. 13
    • Dray, F.1    Frydman, R.2
  • 42
    • 0001343862 scopus 로고
    • Pathology and the developing fetus
    • Driscoll S. Pathology and the developing fetus Pediatr Clin North Am 12 1965 493 514
    • (1965) Pediatr Clin North Am , vol.12 , pp. 493-514
    • Driscoll, S.1
  • 43
    • 0030023356 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Elevations of amniotic fluid macrophage inflammatory protein-1α concentrations in women during term and preterm labor
    • D. Dudley C. Hunter M. Mitchell Elevations of amniotic fluid macrophage inflammatory protein-1α concentrations in women during term and preterm labor Obstet Gynecol 87 1996 94 98
    • (1996) Obstet Gynecol , vol.87 , pp. 94-98
    • Dudley, D.1    Hunter, C.2    Mitchell, M.3
  • 44
    • 0026520018 scopus 로고
    • Decidual cell biosynthesis of interleukin-6: Regulation by inflammatory cytokines
    • D. Dudley M. Trautman B. Araneo Decidual cell biosynthesis of interleukin-6: Regulation by inflammatory cytokines J Clin Endocrinol Metab 74 1992 884 889
    • (1992) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.74 , pp. 884-889
    • Dudley, D.1    Trautman, M.2    Araneo, B.3
  • 45
    • 85114523502 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Dudley DJ, Chen CL, Hill RH, et al: Effects of group B streptococci on prostaglandin production by fetal gestational tissues: Strain-specific differences. Presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. Toronto, March 31-April 3, 1993.
  • 46
    • 0023101076 scopus 로고
    • Subclinical intra-amniotic infection in asymptomatic patients with refractory preterm labor
    • P. Duff J. Kopelman Subclinical intra-amniotic infection in asymptomatic patients with refractory preterm labor Obstet Gynecol 69 1987 756 759
    • (1987) Obstet Gynecol , vol.69 , pp. 756-759
    • Duff, P.1    Kopelman, J.2
  • 47
    • 0021059761 scopus 로고
    • Intravaginal versus intracervical applications of prostaglandin E2 in viscous gel of cervical priming and induction of labor at term in patients with unfavorable cervical state
    • G.A. Ekman K. Forman U. Marsal Intravaginal versus intracervical applications of prostaglandin E2 in viscous gel of cervical priming and induction of labor at term in patients with unfavorable cervical state Am J Obstet Gynecol 47 1983 657
    • (1983) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.47 , pp. 657
    • Ekman, G.A.1    Forman, K.2    Marsal, U.3
  • 48
    • 0018875744 scopus 로고
    • The in vitro production of prostanoids by the human cervix during pregnancy: Preliminary observations
    • D. Ellwood M. Mitchell A. Anderson The in vitro production of prostanoids by the human cervix during pregnancy: Preliminary observations Br J Obstet Gynaecol 87 1980 210
    • (1980) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.87 , pp. 210
    • Ellwood, D.1    Mitchell, M.2    Anderson, A.3
  • 49
    • 0014930191 scopus 로고
    • Induction of abortion by prostaglandin E1 and E2
    • 2 BMJ 2 1970 258
    • (1970) BMJ , vol.2 , pp. 258
    • Embrey, M.P.1
  • 50
    • 0019203540 scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein as a predictor of infectious morbidity with premature rupture of membranes
    • M.I. Evans S.N. Hajj L.D. Devoe C-reactive protein as a predictor of infectious morbidity with premature rupture of membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 138 1980 648 652
    • (1980) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.138 , pp. 648-652
    • Evans, M.I.1    Hajj, S.N.2    Devoe, L.D.3
  • 51
    • 85114540871 scopus 로고
    • C-reactive protein with premature rupture of membranes and premature labor
    • H.F. Farb M. Arnesen P. Geistler C-reactive protein with premature rupture of membranes and premature labor Obstet Gynecol 147 1983 240 246
    • (1983) Obstet Gynecol , vol.147 , pp. 240-246
    • Farb, H.F.1    Arnesen, M.2    Geistler, P.3
  • 52
    • 0022507040 scopus 로고
    • Amniocentesis with premature rupture of membranes
    • S. Feinstein A. Vintzileos J. Lodeiro Amniocentesis with premature rupture of membranes Obstet Gynecol 68 1986 147 152
    • (1986) Obstet Gynecol , vol.68 , pp. 147-152
    • Feinstein, S.1    Vintzileos, A.2    Lodeiro, J.3
  • 53
    • 0019390420 scopus 로고
    • Leukotrienes C4 and D4 induce prostaglandin and thromboxane release from rat peritoneal macrophages
    • 4 induce prostaglandin and thromboxane release from rat peritoneal macrophages Br J Pharmacol 72 1981 389
    • (1981) Br J Pharmacol , vol.72 , pp. 389
    • Feuerstein1    Foegh, N.M.2    Ramwell, P.W.3
  • 54
    • 0028361582 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) production by human amnion, chorion, and decidua
    • P.L. Fidel R. Romero M. Ramirez Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) production by human amnion, chorion, and decidua Am J Reprod Immunol 32 1994 1 7
    • (1994) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.32 , pp. 1-7
    • Fidel, P.L.1    Romero, R.2    Ramirez, M.3
  • 55
    • 0026772736 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 receptor blockade improves survival and hemodynamic performance in Escherichia coli septic shock, but fails to alter host responses to sublethal endotoxemia
    • E. Fischer M.A. Marano vanZee K.J. Interleukin-1 receptor blockade improves survival and hemodynamic performance in Escherichia coli septic shock, but fails to alter host responses to sublethal endotoxemia J Clin Invest 89 1992 1551 1557
    • (1992) J Clin Invest , vol.89 , pp. 1551-1557
    • Fischer, E.1    Marano, M.A.2    vanZee, K.J.3
  • 56
    • 0019407463 scopus 로고
    • Leukotriene C4 stimulates TXA2 formation in isolated sensitized guinea pig lungs
    • 2 formation in isolated sensitized guinea pig lungs Biochem Pharmacol 30 1981 2491
    • (1981) Biochem Pharmacol , vol.30 , pp. 2491
    • Folco, G.1    Hansson, G.2    Granstrom, E.3
  • 57
    • 0028948336 scopus 로고
    • Catalase activity as a predictor of amniotic fluid culture results in preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes
    • G.E. Font D.W. Gauthier W.J. Meyer Catalase activity as a predictor of amniotic fluid culture results in preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes Obstet Gynecol 85 1995 656 658
    • (1995) Obstet Gynecol , vol.85 , pp. 656-658
    • Font, G.E.1    Gauthier, D.W.2    Meyer, W.J.3
  • 58
    • 0006661116 scopus 로고
    • Presence of extra cellular matrix degradating enzymes and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) in human fetal membranes
    • S. Fortunato R. Menon K. Swan Presence of extra cellular matrix degradating enzymes and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMP-1) in human fetal membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 172 1995 403
    • (1995) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.172 , pp. 403
    • Fortunato, S.1    Menon, R.2    Swan, K.3
  • 59
    • 0029943837 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • etak Inflammatory cytokine (interleukin 1, 6, 8 and tumor necrosis factor α) release from cultured human fetal membranes in response to endotoxin mirrors amniotic fluid concentrations
    • Fortunato S. Menon R. Swan K. etak Inflammatory cytokine (interleukin 1, 6, 8 and tumor necrosis factor α) release from cultured human fetal membranes in response to endotoxin mirrors amniotic fluid concentrations Am J Obstet Gynecol 174 1996 1855 1862
    • (1996) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.174 , pp. 1855-1862
    • Fortunato, S.1    Menon, R.2    Swan, K.3
  • 60
    • 0021276868 scopus 로고
    • etak Bacterial attachment to the chorioamniotic membranes
    • Galask R.P. M.W. Varner Petzold C.R. etak Bacterial attachment to the chorioamniotic membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 148 1984 915 928
    • (1984) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.148 , pp. 915-928
    • Galask, R.P.1    Varner, M.W.2    Petzold, C.R.3
  • 61
    • 0020079564 scopus 로고
    • Chorioamnionitis in the preterm gestation
    • T. Garite R. Freeman Chorioamnionitis in the preterm gestation Obstet Gynecol 59 1982 539 545
    • (1982) Obstet Gynecol , vol.59 , pp. 539-545
    • Garite, T.1    Freeman, R.2
  • 62
    • 0018353591 scopus 로고
    • The use of amniocentesis in patients with premature rupture of membranes
    • Garite T. R. Freeman E. Linzey The use of amniocentesis in patients with premature rupture of membranes Obstet Gynecol 54 1979 226 230
    • (1979) Obstet Gynecol , vol.54 , pp. 226-230
    • Garite, T.1    Freeman, R.2    Linzey, E.3
  • 63
    • 0023432812 scopus 로고
    • Interferon 2/B-cell hepatocyte-stimulatory factor type 2 shares identity with monocyte-derived hepatocyte stimulating factor and regulates the major acute phase protein response in liver cells
    • J. Gauldie C. Richards D. Harnish Interferon 2/B-cell hepatocyte-stimulatory factor type 2 shares identity with monocyte-derived hepatocyte stimulating factor and regulates the major acute phase protein response in liver cells Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84 1987 7251 7255
    • (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.84 , pp. 7251-7255
    • Gauldie, J.1    Richards, C.2    Harnish, D.3
  • 64
    • 0026668898 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of Gram stain, leukocyte esterase activity, and amniotic fluid glucose concentration in predicting amniotic fluid culture results in preterm premature rupture of membranes
    • Gauthier D. W. Meyer Comparison of Gram stain, leukocyte esterase activity, and amniotic fluid glucose concentration in predicting amniotic fluid culture results in preterm premature rupture of membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 167 1992 1092 1095
    • (1992) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.167 , pp. 1092-1095
    • Gauthier, D.1    Meyer, W.2
  • 65
    • 0025943669 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of amniotic fluid glucose concentration and intraamniotic infection in patients with preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes
    • D. Gauthier W. Meyer A. Bieniarz Correlation of amniotic fluid glucose concentration and intraamniotic infection in patients with preterm labor or premature rupture of membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 165 1991 1105 1110
    • (1991) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.165 , pp. 1105-1110
    • Gauthier, D.1    Meyer, W.2    Bieniarz, A.3
  • 66
    • 0025804508 scopus 로고
    • Clinicopathological approach to the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis
    • Gerdes J.S. Clinicopathological approach to the diagnosis of neonatal sepsis Clin Perinatol 18 1991 361 381
    • (1991) Clin Perinatol , vol.18 , pp. 361-381
    • Gerdes, J.S.1
  • 67
    • 0028011952 scopus 로고
    • Human fetal membrane contribution to the prevention of parturition: Uterotonin degradation
    • Germain A.M. J. Smith M.L. Casey Human fetal membrane contribution to the prevention of parturition: Uterotonin degradation J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78 1994 463 470
    • (1994) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.78 , pp. 463-470
    • Germain, A.M.1    Smith, J.2    Casey, M.L.3
  • 68
    • 85114541673 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Ghezzi F, Gomez R, Romero R, et al: Intra-amniotic infection is associated with increased amniotic fluid concentrations of monocyte chemotactic protein-I in patients with preterm parturition. Submitted to 17th annual meeting of the Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 1997.
  • 69
    • 0020059792 scopus 로고
    • etak Quantitative bacteriology of amniotic fluid from women with clinical intraamniotic infection at term
    • Gibbs R. J. Blanco St Clair P. etak Quantitative bacteriology of amniotic fluid from women with clinical intraamniotic infection at term J Infect Dis 145 1982 1 8
    • (1982) J Infect Dis , vol.145 , pp. 1-8
    • Gibbs, R.1    Blanco, J.2    St Clair, P.3
  • 70
    • 0025868599 scopus 로고
    • Role of eicosanoids in abortion and its prevention by treatment with flunixin meglumine in cows during the first trimester of pregnancy
    • S.N. Giri G.H. Stabenfeld T.A. Moseley Role of eicosanoids in abortion and its prevention by treatment with flunixin meglumine in cows during the first trimester of pregnancy J Vet Med A 38 1991 445
    • (1991) J Vet Med A , vol.38 , pp. 445
    • Giri, S.N.1    Stabenfeld, G.H.2    Moseley, T.A.3
  • 71
    • 85114533982 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Gomez R, Ghezzi F, Romero R, et al: Two thirds of human fetuses with microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity have a detectable systemic cytokine response before birth. Accepted for the 17th annual meeting of the Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 1996.
  • 72
    • 0029029165 scopus 로고
    • Premature labor and intra-amniotic infection: Clinical aspects and role of the cytokines in diagnosis and pathophysiology
    • R. Gomez F. Ghezzi R. Romero Premature labor and intra-amniotic infection: Clinical aspects and role of the cytokines in diagnosis and pathophysiology Clin Perinatol 22 1995 281 342
    • (1995) Clin Perinatol , vol.22 , pp. 281-342
    • Gomez, R.1    Ghezzi, F.2    Romero, R.3
  • 73
    • 0025786074 scopus 로고
    • Production of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist during experimental endotoxemia
    • E.V. Granowitz A.A. Santos D.D. Poutsiaka Production of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist during experimental endotoxemia Lancet 338 1991 1423 1424
    • (1991) Lancet , vol.338 , pp. 1423-1424
    • Granowitz, E.V.1    Santos, A.A.2    Poutsiaka, D.D.3
  • 74
    • 0022653429 scopus 로고
    • Preterm labor associated with subclinical amniotic fluid infection and with bacterial vaginosis
    • M.G. Gravett D. Hummel D.A. Eschenbach Preterm labor associated with subclinical amniotic fluid infection and with bacterial vaginosis Obstet Gynecol 67 1986 229 237
    • (1986) Obstet Gynecol , vol.67 , pp. 229-237
    • Gravett, M.G.1    Hummel, D.2    Eschenbach, D.A.3
  • 75
    • 0001919465 scopus 로고
    • Cervical Ripening
    • I. Greer Cervical Ripening Drife J. Calder A. Prostaglandins and the Uterus 1992 Springer-Verlag London 191
    • (1992) , pp. 191
    • Greer, I.1
  • 76
    • 0028803691 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid interleukin 10 concentrations increase through pregnancy and are elevated in patients with preterm labor associated with intrauterine infection
    • P.C. Greig W.N.P. Herbert B.L. Robinette Amniotic fluid interleukin 10 concentrations increase through pregnancy and are elevated in patients with preterm labor associated with intrauterine infection Am J Obstet Gynecol 173 1995 1223 1227
    • (1995) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.173 , pp. 1223-1227
    • Greig, P.C.1    Herbert, W.N.P.2    Robinette, B.L.3
  • 77
    • 0023607212 scopus 로고
    • Temporal changes in uterine activity andprostaglandin response to RU486 in rhesus macaques in late gestation
    • G.J. Haluska F.Z. Stanczyk M.J. Cook Temporal changes in uterine activity andprostaglandin response to RU486 in rhesus macaques in late gestation Am J Obstet Gynecol 157 1987 1487
    • (1987) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.157 , pp. 1487
    • Haluska, G.J.1    Stanczyk, F.Z.2    Cook, M.J.3
  • 78
    • 0021160597 scopus 로고
    • Silent chorioanmionitis as a cause of preterm labor refractory to tocolytic therapy
    • C. Hameed N. Tejani U.L. Verma Silent chorioanmionitis as a cause of preterm labor refractory to tocolytic therapy Am J Obstet Gynecol 149 1984 726 730
    • (1984) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.149 , pp. 726-730
    • Hameed, C.1    Tejani, N.2    Verma, U.L.3
  • 79
    • 0021348888 scopus 로고
    • Correlation of maternal serum C-reactive protein with outcome of tocolysis
    • S.M. Handwerker N.W. Tejani U.L. Verma Correlation of maternal serum C-reactive protein with outcome of tocolysis Obstet Gynecol 63 1984 220 224
    • (1984) Obstet Gynecol , vol.63 , pp. 220-224
    • Handwerker, S.M.1    Tejani, N.W.2    Verma, U.L.3
  • 81
    • 0020510286 scopus 로고
    • Premature rupture of membranes: The role of C-reactive protein in the prediction of chorioamniontis
    • P. Hawrylyshyn P. Bernstein J.E. Milligan Premature rupture of membranes: The role of C-reactive protein in the prediction of chorioamniontis Am J Obstet Gynecol 147 1983 240 246
    • (1983) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.147 , pp. 240-246
    • Hawrylyshyn, P.1    Bernstein, P.2    Milligan, J.E.3
  • 82
    • 0028919055 scopus 로고
    • Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in the cervical mucus and in the fetal membranes
    • R. Helmig N. Uldbjerg K. Ohlsson Secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor in the cervical mucus and in the fetal membranes Eur J Obstet Gynecol 59 1995 95 101
    • (1995) Eur J Obstet Gynecol , vol.59 , pp. 95-101
    • Helmig, R.1    Uldbjerg, N.2    Ohlsson, K.3
  • 83
    • 85114535436 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Hertelendy F, Todd H, Molnar M, et al: Cytokine-initiated signal transduction in human myometrium. Presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. Toronto, March 31-April 3, 1993.
  • 84
    • 0023794519 scopus 로고
    • A case-control study of chorioamnionic infection and histologic chorioamnioni:is in prematurity
    • S. Hillier J. Martius M. Krohn A case-control study of chorioamnionic infection and histologic chorioamnioni:is in prematurity N Engl J Med 319 1988 972 978
    • (1988) N Engl J Med , vol.319 , pp. 972-978
    • Hillier, S.1    Martius, J.2    Krohn, M.3
  • 85
    • 0025159062 scopus 로고
    • Detection of platelet-activating factor in amniotic fluid of complicated pregnancies
    • D.R. Hoffman R. Romero J.M. Johnston Detection of platelet-activating factor in amniotic fluid of complicated pregnancies Am J Obstet Gynecol 162 1990 525 528
    • (1990) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.162 , pp. 525-528
    • Hoffman, D.R.1    Romero, R.2    Johnston, J.M.3
  • 86
    • 0025851967 scopus 로고
    • Use of prostaglandins for induction of labor
    • P. Husslein Use of prostaglandins for induction of labor Semin Perinatol 15 1991 173
    • (1991) Semin Perinatol , vol.15 , pp. 173
    • Husslein, P.1
  • 87
    • 0023205785 scopus 로고
    • Does extra-amniotic infection cause preterm labor? Gas liquid chromatography studies of amniotic fluid in amnionitis, preterm labor, and normal controls
    • J. Iams D. Clapp D. Contos Does extra-amniotic infection cause preterm labor? Gas liquid chromatography studies of amniotic fluid in amnionitis, preterm labor, and normal controls Obstet Gynecol 70 1987 365 368
    • (1987) Obstet Gynecol , vol.70 , pp. 365-368
    • Iams, J.1    Clapp, D.2    Contos, D.3
  • 88
    • 0030030666 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Human endometrial matrix metalloproteinase 2, a putative menstrual proteinase. Hormonal regulation in cultured stromal cells and messenger RNA expression during the menstrual cycle
    • J. Irwin D. Kirk B. Gwatkin Human endometrial matrix metalloproteinase 2, a putative menstrual proteinase. Hormonal regulation in cultured stromal cells and messenger RNA expression during the menstrual cycle J Clin Invest 97 1996 438 447
    • (1996) J Clin Invest , vol.97 , pp. 438-447
    • Irwin, J.1    Kirk, D.2    Gwatkin, B.3
  • 89
    • 0028238518 scopus 로고
    • Suppression of interleukin-8 production by progester-one in rabbit uterine cervix
    • A. Ito K. Imada T. Sato Suppression of interleukin-8 production by progester-one in rabbit uterine cervix Biochem J 301 1994 183 186
    • (1994) Biochem J , vol.301 , pp. 183-186
    • Ito, A.1    Imada, K.2    Sato, T.3
  • 90
    • 85114541540 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Degradation of interleukin-1β by matrix metallo-proteinases
    • Ito A. A. Mukayama Y. Itoh Degradation of interleukin-1β by matrix metallo-proteinases J Biol Chem 271 1996 1457 1460
    • (1996) J Biol Chem , vol.271 , pp. 1457-1460
    • Ito, A.1    Mukayama, A.2    Itoh, Y.3
  • 91
    • 0029900998 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Bacterial 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction in the detection of intra-amniotic infection
    • J. Jalava M.L. Mantymaa U. Ekblad Bacterial 16S rDNA polymerase chain reaction in the detection of intra-amniotic infection Br J Obstet Gynaecol 103 1996 664 669
    • (1996) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.103 , pp. 664-669
    • Jalava, J.1    Mantymaa, M.L.2    Ekblad, U.3
  • 92
    • 0027468941 scopus 로고
    • Molecular cloning of human prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase type II and demonstration of expression in response to cytokines
    • Jones D.A. D.A. Carlton T.M. McIntire Molecular cloning of human prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase type II and demonstration of expression in response to cytokines J Biol Chem 268 1993 9049 9054
    • (1993) J Biol Chem , vol.268 , pp. 9049-9054
    • Jones, D.A.1    Carlton, D.A.2    McIntire, T.M.3
  • 93
    • 0025348061 scopus 로고
    • Effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone and adrenocorticotropin on prostaglandin output by human placenta and fetal membranes
    • S. Jones J. Challis Effects of corticotropin-releasing hormone and adrenocorticotropin on prostaglandin output by human placenta and fetal membranes Gynecol Obstet Invest 29 1990 165 168
    • (1990) Gynecol Obstet Invest , vol.29 , pp. 165-168
    • Jones, S.1    Challis, J.2
  • 94
    • 0025895291 scopus 로고
    • The relation between granulocyte elastase-like activity of cervical mucus and cervical maturation
    • N. Kanayama T. Terao The relation between granulocyte elastase-like activity of cervical mucus and cervical maturation Acta Obstet Gynaecol Scand 70 1991 29 34
    • (1991) Acta Obstet Gynaecol Scand , vol.70 , pp. 29-34
    • Kanayama, N.1    Terao, T.2
  • 96
    • 0025260528 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1β, human leukocyte antigen HLA-Dra, and transforming growth factor-β expression in endometrium, placenta, and placental membranes
    • S. Kauma D. Matt S. Strom Interleukin-1β, human leukocyte antigen HLA-Dra, and transforming growth factor-β expression in endometrium, placenta, and placental membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 163 1990 1430 1437
    • (1990) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.163 , pp. 1430-1437
    • Kauma, S.1    Matt, D.2    Strom, S.3
  • 97
    • 85114529496 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Kauma SW, HLA-DR and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) mRNA expression in human de-cidua. Presented at the 36th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. San Diego, March 15-18, 1989.
  • 98
    • 0026640938 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 is induced in the human placenta by endotoxin and isolation procedures for trophoblasts
    • S.W. Kauma S.W. Walsh J.E. Nestler Interleukin-1 is induced in the human placenta by endotoxin and isolation procedures for trophoblasts J Clin Endocrinol Metab 75 1992 951 955
    • (1992) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.75 , pp. 951-955
    • Kauma, S.W.1    Walsh, S.W.2    Nestler, J.E.3
  • 99
    • 0001323061 scopus 로고
    • Endogenous prostaglandins in human parturition
    • M.J.N.C. Keirse Endogenous prostaglandins in human parturition Keirse M.A.A. Gravenhorst J. Human Parturition 1979 Netherlands, Martinus Nijhoff The Hague 101
    • (1979) , pp. 101
    • Keirse, M.J.N.C.1
  • 100
    • 0017697113 scopus 로고
    • Changes in prostaglandin F and 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F concentrations in amniotic fluid at the onset of labour
    • M.J.N.C. Keirse M.D. Mitchell A.C. Turnbull Changes in prostaglandin F and 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto-prostaglandin F concentrations in amniotic fluid at the onset of labour Br J Obstet Gynaecol 84 1977 743
    • (1977) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.84 , pp. 743
    • Keirse, M.J.N.C.1    Mitchell, M.D.2    Turnbull, A.C.3
  • 101
  • 102
    • 0028294360 scopus 로고
    • Progesterone control of interleukin-8 production in endometrium and choriodecidual cells underlines the role of the neutrophil in menstruation and parturition
    • Kelly R. P. Illingworth G. Baldie Progesterone control of interleukin-8 production in endometrium and choriodecidual cells underlines the role of the neutrophil in menstruation and parturition Hum Reprod 9 1994 253 258
    • (1994) Hum Reprod , vol.9 , pp. 253-258
    • Kelly, R.1    Illingworth, P.2    Baldie, G.3
  • 103
    • 0028172885 scopus 로고
    • Pregnancy maintenance and parturition: The role of prostaglandin in manipulating the immune and inflammatory response
    • R.W. Kelly Pregnancy maintenance and parturition: The role of prostaglandin in manipulating the immune and inflammatory response Endocrinol Rev 15 1994 684 706
    • (1994) Endocrinol Rev , vol.15 , pp. 684-706
    • Kelly, R.W.1
  • 104
    • 0026552978 scopus 로고
    • Choriodecidual production of interleukin-8 and mechanism of parturition
    • R.W. Kelly R. Leask A.A. Calder Choriodecidual production of interleukin-8 and mechanism of parturition Lancet 339 1992 776 777
    • (1992) Lancet , vol.339 , pp. 776-777
    • Kelly, R.W.1    Leask, R.2    Calder, A.A.3
  • 105
    • 85114532881 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist blocks interleukin-l-driven cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression and prostaglandin biosynthesis in human endometrium
    • D.A. Kniss P.D. Zimmerman C.L. Garver Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist blocks interleukin-l-driven cyclooxygenase-2 gene expression and prostaglandin biosynthesis in human endometrium J Soc Gynecol Invest 3 1996 A33
    • (1996) J Soc Gynecol Invest , vol.3 , pp. A33
    • Kniss, D.A.1    Zimmerman, P.D.2    Garver, C.L.3
  • 106
    • 0025194602 scopus 로고
    • Production of prostaglandin E2 by human amnion in vitro in response to addition of media conditioned by microorganisms associated with chorioamnionitis and preterm labor
    • R.F. Lamont F. Anthony L. Myatt Production of prostaglandin E2 by human amnion in vitro in response to addition of media conditioned by microorganisms associated with chorioamnionitis and preterm labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 162 1990 819 825
    • (1990) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.162 , pp. 819-825
    • Lamont, R.F.1    Anthony, F.2    Myatt, L.3
  • 107
    • 0022618781 scopus 로고
    • Amniocentesis and the management of premature labor
    • J. Leigh T. Garite Amniocentesis and the management of premature labor Obstet Gynecol 67 1986 500 506
    • (1986) Obstet Gynecol , vol.67 , pp. 500-506
    • Leigh, J.1    Garite, T.2
  • 110
    • 0002625884 scopus 로고
    • Parturition: Bitmolecular and physiologic processes
    • MacDonald P. Parturition: Bitmolecular and physiologic processes Cunningham F.G. MacDonald P.C. Gant N.F. Williams Obstetrics 1993 Appleton and Lange Norwalk 297
    • (1993) , pp. 297
    • MacDonald, P.1
  • 111
    • 0027167136 scopus 로고
    • The accumulation of prostaglandins (PG) in amniotic fluid is an after-effect of labor and not indicative of a role for PGE2 or PGF2α in the initiation of human parturition
    • 2α in the initiation of human parturition J Clin Endocrinol Metab 76 1993 1332
    • (1993) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.76 , pp. 1332
    • MacDonald, P.C.1    Casey, M.L.2
  • 114
    • 84909848282 scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandins and midtrimester abortion
    • I.Z. MacKenzie Prostaglandins and midtrimester abortion Drife J.O. Calder A.A. Prostaglandins and the Uterus 1992 Springer-Verlag London 119
    • (1992) , pp. 119
    • MacKenzie, I.Z.1
  • 115
    • 0001682736 scopus 로고
    • Structural characteristics and fibronectin synthesis by the intact term fetal membranes covering the cervix
    • T. Malak G. Mulholland S. Bell Structural characteristics and fibronectin synthesis by the intact term fetal membranes covering the cervix Br J Obstet Gynaecol 100 1993 775 776
    • (1993) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.100 , pp. 775-776
    • Malak, T.1    Mulholland, G.2    Bell, S.3
  • 116
    • 0027181909 scopus 로고
    • Confocal immunofluorescence localization of collagen types I, III, IV, V and VI and their ultrastructural organization in term human fetal membranes
    • T. Malak C. Ockleford S. Bell Confocal immunofluorescence localization of collagen types I, III, IV, V and VI and their ultrastructural organization in term human fetal membranes Placenta 14 1993 385 406
    • (1993) Placenta , vol.14 , pp. 385-406
    • Malak, T.1    Ockleford, C.2    Bell, S.3
  • 117
    • 0025230509 scopus 로고
    • Metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in matrix remodeling
    • L. Matrisian Metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in matrix remodeling Trends Genet 6 1990 131 135
    • (1990) Trends Genet , vol.6 , pp. 131-135
    • Matrisian, L.1
  • 118
    • 85113042936 scopus 로고
    • In vitro and in vivo production of interleukin-6 by fetal mononuclear cells
    • N. Matsuzaki F. Saji T. Kameda In vitro and in vivo production of interleukin-6 by fetal mononuclear cells Placenta 11 1990 205 213
    • (1990) Placenta , vol.11 , pp. 205-213
    • Matsuzaki, N.1    Saji, F.2    Kameda, T.3
  • 119
    • 0029743781 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Intraamniotic infection in patients with preterm labor and twin pregnancies
    • M. Mazor R. Hershovitz F. Ghezzi Intraamniotic infection in patients with preterm labor and twin pregnancies Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 1996 in press
    • (1996) Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand
    • Mazor, M.1    Hershovitz, R.2    Ghezzi, F.3
  • 120
    • 0023144991 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial protease-induced reduction of chorioamniotic membrane strength and elasticity
    • J. McGregor J. French D. Lawellin Bacterial protease-induced reduction of chorioamniotic membrane strength and elasticity Obstet Gynecol 69 1987 167
    • (1987) Obstet Gynecol , vol.69 , pp. 167
    • McGregor, J.1    French, J.2    Lawellin, D.3
  • 121
    • 0026621468 scopus 로고
    • Association of cervicovaginal infections with increased vaginal fluid phospholipase A2 activity
    • J.A. McGregor J.I. French Jones W. Association of cervicovaginal infections with increased vaginal fluid phospholipase A2 activity Am J Obstet Gynecol 167 1992 1588 1594
    • (1992) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.167 , pp. 1588-1594
    • McGregor, J.A.1    French, J.I.2    Jones, W.3
  • 122
    • 85114527415 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase-2 (PGH-2) expression, presence and activity increases before labor in human chorion
    • Mijovic J.E. T.E. Naim T. Zakar Prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase-2 (PGH-2) expression, presence and activity increases before labor in human chorion J Soc Gynecol Invest 3 1996 A88
    • (1996) J Soc Gynecol Invest , vol.3 , pp. A88
    • Mijovic, J.E.1    Naim, T.E.2    Zakar, T.3
  • 123
    • 0018907244 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial colonization of amniotic fluid from intact fetal membranes
    • Miller J. M. Pupkin G. Hill Bacterial colonization of amniotic fluid from intact fetal membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 136 1980 796 804
    • (1980) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.136 , pp. 796-804
    • Miller, J.1    Pupkin, M.2    Hill, G.3
  • 124
    • 85114524779 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Mitchell M, Barley L, Collmer D, et al: An evaluation of cyclooxygenases I and II in human gestational tissues using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Presented at the Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, Las Vegas, June 9–12, 1993.
  • 125
    • 0025969567 scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandin production by amnion and decidual cells in response to bacterial products
    • M. Mitchell R. Romero C. Avila Prostaglandin production by amnion and decidual cells in response to bacterial products Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 42 1991 167 169
    • (1991) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids , vol.42 , pp. 167-169
    • Mitchell, M.1    Romero, R.2    Avila, C.3
  • 126
    • 0026022723 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-6 stimulates prostaglandin production by human amnion and decidual cells
    • M.D. Mitchell D.J. Dudley S.S. Edwin Interleukin-6 stimulates prostaglandin production by human amnion and decidual cells Eur J Pharmacol 192 1991 189 191
    • (1991) Eur J Pharmacol , vol.192 , pp. 189-191
    • Mitchell, M.D.1    Dudley, D.J.2    Edwin, S.S.3
  • 127
    • 0026603335 scopus 로고
    • Effects of platelet activating factor on prostaglandin E2 production by intact fetal membranes
    • Morris C. H. Khan M. Sullivan Effects of platelet activating factor on prostaglandin E2 production by intact fetal membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 166 1992 1228
    • (1992) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.166 , pp. 1228
    • Morris, C.1    Khan, H.2    Sullivan, M.3
  • 128
    • 0027501249 scopus 로고
    • Effects of endotoxins and cytokines on the secretion of platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase by human decidual macrophages
    • H. Narahara J.M. Johnston Effects of endotoxins and cytokines on the secretion of platelet activating factor acetylhydrolase by human decidual macrophages Am J Obstet Gynecol 169 1993 531 537
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.169 , pp. 531-537
    • Narahara, H.1    Johnston, J.M.2
  • 129
    • 0023106783 scopus 로고
    • Congenital and nosocomial sepsis in infants born in regional perinatal unit: Cause, outcome, and white blood cell response
    • A. Ohlsson M. Vearncombe Congenital and nosocomial sepsis in infants born in regional perinatal unit: Cause, outcome, and white blood cell response Am J Obstet Gynecol 156 1987 407 413
    • (1987) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.156 , pp. 407-413
    • Ohlsson, A.1    Vearncombe, M.2
  • 130
    • 0029042378 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin-8 synthesis and the onset of labor
    • Osmers R. J. Blaser W. Kuhn Interleukin-8 synthesis and the onset of labor Obstet Gynecol 86 1995 223 229
    • (1995) Obstet Gynecol , vol.86 , pp. 223-229
    • Osmers, R.1    Blaser, J.2    Kuhn, W.3
  • 131
    • 0025905979 scopus 로고
    • Intra-amniotic detection of Chlamydia trachomatis deoxyribonucleic acid sequences by polymerase chain reaction
    • Pao C.C. Lao S.-M. Wang H.-C. Intra-amniotic detection of Chlamydia trachomatis deoxyribonucleic acid sequences by polymerase chain reaction Am J Obstet Gynecol 164 1991 1295 1299
    • (1991) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.164 , pp. 1295-1299
    • Pao, C.C.1    Lao, S.-M.2    Wang, H.-C.3
  • 132
    • 0007323501 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor α induces cycloxygenase 2 gene expression in the amnion derived WISH cells
    • D.J. Perkins S. Wu C.L. Garver Tumor necrosis factor α induces cycloxygenase 2 gene expression in the amnion derived WISH cells J Soc Gynecol Invest 3 1996 141
    • (1996) J Soc Gynecol Invest , vol.3 , pp. 141
    • Perkins, D.J.1    Wu, S.2    Garver, C.L.3
  • 133
    • 0020513915 scopus 로고
    • Early and late neonatal septicemia
    • M.M. Placzek A. Whitelaw Early and late neonatal septicemia Arch Dis Child 58 1983 728 731
    • (1983) Arch Dis Child , vol.58 , pp. 728-731
    • Placzek, M.M.1    Whitelaw, A.2
  • 134
    • 0022381328 scopus 로고
    • The association of subclinical infection with preterm labor: The role of C-reactive protein
    • R.K. Potkul A.H. Moawad K.L. Ponto The association of subclinical infection with preterm labor: The role of C-reactive protein Am J Obstet Gynecol 153 1985 642 645
    • (1985) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.153 , pp. 642-645
    • Potkul, R.K.1    Moawad, A.H.2    Ponto, K.L.3
  • 136
    • 0025963131 scopus 로고
    • Hormonal regulation of interstitial collagenase in the uterine cervix of the guinea pig
    • M. Rajabi S. Solomon A. Poole Hormonal regulation of interstitial collagenase in the uterine cervix of the guinea pig Endocrinology 128 1991 863
    • (1991) Endocrinology , vol.128 , pp. 863
    • Rajabi, M.1    Solomon, S.2    Poole, A.3
  • 137
  • 138
    • 0021331534 scopus 로고
    • Smooth muscle contraction as a model to study the mediator role of endogenous lipoxygenase products of arachidonic acid
    • D. Ritchie D. Hahn J. McGuire Smooth muscle contraction as a model to study the mediator role of endogenous lipoxygenase products of arachidonic acid Life Sd 34 1984 509
    • (1984) Life Sd , vol.34 , pp. 509
    • Ritchie, D.1    Hahn, D.2    McGuire, J.3
  • 139
    • 0027225505 scopus 로고
    • Serum TNF concentration in neonatal sepsis and septic shock
    • J. Roman F. Fernandez F. Velasco Serum TNF concentration in neonatal sepsis and septic shock Acta Paediatr 82 1993 352
    • (1993) Acta Paediatr , vol.82 , pp. 352
    • Roman, J.1    Fernandez, F.2    Velasco, F.3
  • 140
    • 0025369863 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid interleukin-6 in preterm labor
    • R. Romero C. Avila U. Santhanam Amniotic fluid interleukin-6 in preterm labor J Clin Invest 85 1990 1392 1400
    • (1990) J Clin Invest , vol.85 , pp. 1392-1400
    • Romero, R.1    Avila, C.2    Santhanam, U.3
  • 141
    • 0027232277 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between spontaneous rupture of membranes, labor and microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and amniotic fluid concentrations of prostaglandins and thromboxane B2 in term pregnancy
    • 2 in term pregnancy Am J Obstet Gynecol 168 1993 1654
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.168 , pp. 1654
    • Romero, R.1    Baumann, P.2    Gomez, R.3
  • 142
    • 0028561829 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid prostanoid concentrations increase early during the course of spontaneous labor at term
    • R. Romero P. Baumann R. Gonzalez Amniotic fluid prostanoid concentrations increase early during the course of spontaneous labor at term Am J Obstet Gynecol 171 1994 1613 1620
    • (1994) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.171 , pp. 1613-1620
    • Romero, R.1    Baumann, P.2    Gonzalez, R.3
  • 143
    • 0024307426 scopus 로고
    • Infection and labor. III. Interleukin~l: A signal for the onset of parturition
    • Romero R. D.T. Brody E. Oyarzun Infection and labor. III. Interleukin~l: A signal for the onset of parturition Am J Obstet Gynecol 160 1989 117 123
    • (1989) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.160 , pp. 117-123
    • Romero, R.1    Brody, D.T.2    Oyarzun, E.3
  • 144
    • 0025940386 scopus 로고
    • Neutrophil attractant/activating peptide-l/ interleukin-8 in term and preterm parturition
    • R. Romero M. Ceska C. Avila Neutrophil attractant/activating peptide-l/ interleukin-8 in term and preterm parturition Am J Obstet Gynecol 165 1991 813 830
    • (1991) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.165 , pp. 813-830
    • Romero, R.1    Ceska, M.2    Avila, C.3
  • 145
    • 85114539974 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Romero R, Durum S, Dinarello C, et al: Interleukin-l: A signal for the initiation of labor in chorioamnionitis. Presented at the 33rd Annual Meeting for the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. Toronto, March 19–22, 1986.
  • 146
    • 0023676087 scopus 로고
    • The value and limitations of the gramstain examination in the diagnosis of intraamniotic infection
    • Romero R. M. Emamian R. Quintero The value and limitations of the gramstain examination in the diagnosis of intraamniotic infection Am J Obstet Gynecol 159 1988 114 119
    • (1988) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.159 , pp. 114-119
    • Romero, R.1    Emamian, M.2    Quintero, R.3
  • 147
    • 0022617882 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid prostaglandin levels and intraamniotic infection
    • R. Romero M. Emamian R. Quintero Amniotic fluid prostaglandin levels and intraamniotic infection Lancet 1 1986 1380
    • (1986) Lancet , vol.1 , pp. 1380
    • Romero, R.1    Emamian, M.2    Quintero, R.3
  • 148
    • 0023547901 scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandin concentrations in amniotic fluid of women with intra-amniotic infection and preterm labor
    • R. Romero M. Emamian M. Wan Prostaglandin concentrations in amniotic fluid of women with intra-amniotic infection and preterm labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 157 1987 1461
    • (1987) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.157 , pp. 1461
    • Romero, R.1    Emamian, M.2    Wan, M.3
  • 149
    • 0025013394 scopus 로고
    • The prevalence and microbiology of intraamniotic infection in twin gestation with preterm labor
    • R. Romero S. Fayek C. Avila The prevalence and microbiology of intraamniotic infection in twin gestation with preterm labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 163 1990 757 761
    • (1990) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.163 , pp. 757-761
    • Romero, R.1    Fayek, S.2    Avila, C.3
  • 150
    • 0028172688 scopus 로고
    • Macrophage inflammatory protein-1α in term and preterm parturition: Effect of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity
    • Romero R. R. Gomez M. Galasso Macrophage inflammatory protein-1α in term and preterm parturition: Effect of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity Am J Reprod Immunol 32 1994 108 113
    • (1994) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.32 , pp. 108-113
    • Romero, R.1    Gomez, R.2    Galasso, M.3
  • 151
    • 0028149103 scopus 로고
    • The natural interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in fetal, maternal, and amniotic fluid compartments: Effect of gestational age, fetal gender and intrauterine infection
    • R. Romero R. Gomez M. Galasso The natural interleukin 1 receptor antagonist in fetal, maternal, and amniotic fluid compartments: Effect of gestational age, fetal gender and intrauterine infection Am J Obstet Gynecol 171 1994 914
    • (1994) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.171 , pp. 914
    • Romero, R.1    Gomez, R.2    Galasso, M.3
  • 152
    • 85114546046 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Romero R, Gomez R, Helming R, et al: Amniotic fluid elastase and secretory leukocyte protease natural inhibitor during labor, rupture of membranes, and intrauterine infection. Presentation at the Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. Chicago, March 22–26, 1994.
  • 153
    • 85114529191 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Romero R, Gomez R, Ghezzi F, et al: The onset of spontaneous preterm parturition is preceded by an intense pro-inflammatory cytokine response in the human fetus. Accepted for the 17th Annual Meeting of the Society of Perinatal Obstetricians, 1996.
  • 154
    • 0028031790 scopus 로고
    • Topographic differences in amniotic fluid concentrations of prostanoids in women in spontaneous labor at term
    • Romero R. R. Gonzalez P. Baumann Topographic differences in amniotic fluid concentrations of prostanoids in women in spontaneous labor at term Prostaglan-dins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 50 1994 97
    • (1994) Prostaglan-dins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids , vol.50 , pp. 97
    • Romero, R.1    Gonzalez, R.2    Baumann, P.3
  • 155
    • 0026940831 scopus 로고
    • Infection and labor: VIII. Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in patients with suspected cervical incompetence: Prevalence and clinical significance
    • R. Romero R. Gonzalez W. Sepulveda Infection and labor: VIII. Microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity in patients with suspected cervical incompetence: Prevalence and clinical significance Am J Obstet Gynecol 167 1992 839 851
    • (1992) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.167 , pp. 839-851
    • Romero, R.1    Gonzalez, R.2    Sepulveda, W.3
  • 157
    • 0025124173 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid glucose concentrations: A rapid and simple method for the detection of intraanmiotic infection in preterm labor
    • R. Romero C. Jimenez A. Lohda Amniotic fluid glucose concentrations: A rapid and simple method for the detection of intraanmiotic infection in preterm labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 163 1990 968 974
    • (1990) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.163 , pp. 968-974
    • Romero, R.1    Jimenez, C.2    Lohda, A.3
  • 158
    • 0023193355 scopus 로고
    • Infection and labor: The detection of endotoxin in amniotic fluid
    • R. Romero N. Kadar J.C. Hobbins Infection and labor: The detection of endotoxin in amniotic fluid Am J Obstet Gynecol 157 1987 815 819
    • (1987) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.157 , pp. 815-819
    • Romero, R.1    Kadar, N.2    Hobbins, J.C.3
  • 159
    • 85114529087 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Romero R, LaFreniere D, Duff G, et al: Human decidua: A potent source of interleu-kin-1 like activity. Presented at the 32nd Annual Meeting of the Society for Gyneco-logic Investigation. Phoenix, March 20–23, 1985.
  • 161
    • 85114527881 scopus 로고
    • Infection and labor. IV. Cachectin tumor necrosis factor in the amniotic fluid of women with intra-amniotic infection and preterm labor
    • R. Romero K.R. Manogue M.D. Murray Infection and labor. IV. Cachectin tumor necrosis factor in the amniotic fluid of women with intra-amniotic infection and preterm labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 166 1989 1576 1587
    • (1989) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.166 , pp. 1576-1587
    • Romero, R.1    Manogue, K.R.2    Murray, M.D.3
  • 162
  • 163
    • 0026774625 scopus 로고
    • Interleukin 1α and interleukin 1β in preterm and term parturition
    • R. Romero M. Mazor F. Brandt Interleukin 1α and interleukin 1β in preterm and term parturition Am J Reprod Immunol 27 1992 117
    • (1992) Am J Reprod Immunol , vol.27 , pp. 117
    • Romero, R.1    Mazor, M.2    Brandt, F.3
  • 165
    • 0026548690 scopus 로고
    • Tumor necrosis factor in term and preterm labor
    • R. Romero M. Mazor W. Sepulveda Tumor necrosis factor in term and preterm labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 166 1992 1576 1587
    • (1992) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.166 , pp. 1576-1587
    • Romero, R.1    Mazor, M.2    Sepulveda, W.3
  • 166
    • 0026000792 scopus 로고
    • Systemic administration of interleukin-1 induces preterm parturition in mice
    • R. Romero M. Mazor B. Tartakovsky Systemic administration of interleukin-1 induces preterm parturition in mice Am J Obstet Gynecol 165 1991 969 971
    • (1991) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.165 , pp. 969-971
    • Romero, R.1    Mazor, M.2    Tartakovsky, B.3
  • 167
    • 0023733864 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in term labor
    • R. Romero M.D. Mitchell Amniotic fluid 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in term labor Prostaglandins 36 1988 179 187
    • (1988) Prostaglandins , vol.36 , pp. 179-187
    • Romero, R.1    Mitchell, M.D.2
  • 168
    • 15844393457 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increase in prostaglandin bioavailabilityprecedes the onset of human parturition
    • R. Romero H. Munoz R. Gomez Increase in prostaglandin bioavailabilityprecedes the onset of human parturition Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 54 1996 187 191
    • (1996) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids , vol.54 , pp. 187-191
    • Romero, R.1    Munoz, H.2    Gomez, R.3
  • 169
    • 85114546935 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Romero R, Oyarzun E, Stanley ER, Macrophage colony-stimulating factor in amniotic fluid. Presented at the 36th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. San Diego, March 15–18, 1989.
  • 170
    • 0023582824 scopus 로고
    • Arachidonate lipoxygenase metabolites in amniotic fluid of women with intra-arnniotic infection and preterm labor
    • R. Romero R. Quintero M. Emamian Arachidonate lipoxygenase metabolites in amniotic fluid of women with intra-arnniotic infection and preterm labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 157 1987 1454 1460
    • (1987) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.157 , pp. 1454-1460
    • Romero, R.1    Quintero, R.2    Emamian, M.3
  • 171
    • 0026048347 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid white blood cell count: A rapid and simple test to diagnose microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and predict preterm delivery
    • R. Romero R. Quintero J. Nores Amniotic fluid white blood cell count: A rapid and simple test to diagnose microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity and predict preterm delivery Am J Obstet Gynecol 165 1991 821 830
    • (1991) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.165 , pp. 821-830
    • Romero, R.1    Quintero, R.2    Nores, J.3
  • 172
    • 0023686301 scopus 로고
    • Intra-amniotic infection and the onset of labor in preterm premature rupture of membranes
    • R. Romero R. Quintero E. Oyarzun Intra-amniotic infection and the onset of labor in preterm premature rupture of membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 159 1988 661
    • (1988) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.159 , pp. 661
    • Romero, R.1    Quintero, R.2    Oyarzun, E.3
  • 173
    • 85114525121 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Romero R, Ray J, Sepulveda W, et al: Evidence of active forms of 72 kDa and 92 kDa type IV collagenases in human parturition. Presented at the 39th annual meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. San Antonio, March 18–21, 1992.
  • 174
    • 0023933934 scopus 로고
    • Labor and infection. II. Bacterial endotoxin in amniotic fluid and its relationship to the onset of preterm labor
    • Romero R. P. Roslansky E. Oyarzun Labor and infection. II. Bacterial endotoxin in amniotic fluid and its relationship to the onset of preterm labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 158 1988 1044
    • (1988) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.158 , pp. 1044
    • Romero, R.1    Roslansky, P.2    Oyarzun, E.3
  • 175
    • 0026738960 scopus 로고
    • The natural interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in term and preterm parturition
    • Romero R. W. Sepulveda M. Mazor The natural interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in term and preterm parturition Am J Obstet Gynecol 167 1992 863 872
    • (1992) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.167 , pp. 863-872
    • Romero, R.1    Sepulveda, W.2    Mazor, M.3
  • 176
    • 0025013394 scopus 로고
    • Infection and labor. VI. Prevalence, microbiology, and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection in twin gestations with preterm labor
    • R. Romero F. Shamma C. Avila Infection and labor. VI. Prevalence, microbiology, and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection in twin gestations with preterm labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 163 1990 757
    • (1990) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.163 , pp. 757
    • Romero, R.1    Shamma, F.2    Avila, C.3
  • 177
    • 0024449534 scopus 로고
    • Infection and labor: V. Prevalence, microbiology, and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection in women with preterm labor and intact membranes
    • Romero R. M. Sirtori E. Oyarzun Infection and labor: V. Prevalence, microbiology, and clinical significance of intraamniotic infection in women with preterm labor and intact membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 161 1989 817 824
    • (1989) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.161 , pp. 817-824
    • Romero, R.1    Sirtori, M.2    Oyarzun, E.3
  • 178
    • 0023733864 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in preterm labor
    • R. Romero Y.K. Wu M. Mazor Amniotic fluid 5-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid in preterm labor Prostaglandins 36 1988 179 187
    • (1988) Prostaglandins , vol.36 , pp. 179-187
    • Romero, R.1    Wu, Y.K.2    Mazor, M.3
  • 179
    • 0024514901 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid arachidonate lipoxygenase metabolites in women with preterm labor
    • R. Romero Y.K. Wu M. Mazor Amniotic fluid arachidonate lipoxygenase metabolites in women with preterm labor Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 36 1988 69 75
    • (1988) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids , vol.36 , pp. 69-75
    • Romero, R.1    Wu, Y.K.2    Mazor, M.3
  • 181
    • 0024561384 scopus 로고
    • Amniotic fluid concentration of 5-hydroxyeicosa-tetraenoic acid is increased in human parturition at term
    • R. Romero Y.K. Wu M. Mazor Amniotic fluid concentration of 5-hydroxyeicosa-tetraenoic acid is increased in human parturition at term Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 35 1989 81
    • (1989) Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids , vol.35 , pp. 81
    • Romero, R.1    Wu, Y.K.2    Mazor, M.3
  • 182
    • 0023706833 scopus 로고
    • Increased amniotic fluid leukotriene C4 concentration in term human parturition
    • R. Romero Y.K. Wu M. Mazor Increased amniotic fluid leukotriene C4 concentration in term human parturition Am J Obstet Gynecol 159 1988 655
    • (1988) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.159 , pp. 655
    • Romero, R.1    Wu, Y.K.2    Mazor, M.3
  • 183
    • 0027443961 scopus 로고
    • A comparative study of the diagnostic performance of amniotic fluid glucose, white blood cell count, interleukin–6, and Gram stain in the detection of microbial invasion in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes
    • R. Romero B. Yoon M. Mazor A comparative study of the diagnostic performance of amniotic fluid glucose, white blood cell count, interleukin–6, and Gram stain in the detection of microbial invasion in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 169 1993 839 851
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.169 , pp. 839-851
    • Romero, R.1    Yoon, B.2    Mazor, M.3
  • 184
    • 0027441704 scopus 로고
    • The diagnostic and prognostic value of amniotic fluid white blood cell count, glucose, interleukin-6, and Gram stain in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes
    • R. Romero B. Yoon M. Mazor The diagnostic and prognostic value of amniotic fluid white blood cell count, glucose, interleukin-6, and Gram stain in patients with preterm labor and intact membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 169 1993 805 816
    • (1993) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.169 , pp. 805-816
    • Romero, R.1    Yoon, B.2    Mazor, M.3
  • 185
    • 0027401621 scopus 로고
    • Elevation of amniotic fluid IL-6, IL-8 and GCS-F in term and preterm parturition
    • Saito S. T. Kasahara Y. Kato Elevation of amniotic fluid IL-6, IL-8 and GCS-F in term and preterm parturition Cytokine 5 1993 81 88
    • (1993) Cytokine , vol.5 , pp. 81-88
    • Saito, S.1    Kasahara, T.2    Kato, Y.3
  • 186
    • 0015866622 scopus 로고
    • Levels of prostaglandin F2a in amniotic fluid during pregnancy and labour
    • 2a in amniotic fluid during pregnancy and labour Prostaglandins 4 1973 523
    • (1973) Prostaglandins , vol.4 , pp. 523
    • Salmon, J.A.1    Amy, J.J.2
  • 187
    • 84995816181 scopus 로고
    • Immunohistochemical localization, messenger ribonucleic acid abundance, and activity of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydroge-nase in placenta and fetal membranes during term and preterm labor
    • R.K. Sangha J.K. Walton C.M. Ensor Immunohistochemical localization, messenger ribonucleic acid abundance, and activity of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydroge-nase in placenta and fetal membranes during term and preterm labor J Clin Endocri-nol Metab 78 1994 982 989
    • (1994) J Clin Endocri-nol Metab , vol.78 , pp. 982-989
    • Sangha, R.K.1    Walton, J.K.2    Ensor, C.M.3
  • 188
    • 0019783128 scopus 로고
    • The relationship between the release of prostaglandins at amniotomy and the subsequent onset of labour
    • Sellers S.M. M.D. Mitchell A.B. Anderson The relationship between the release of prostaglandins at amniotomy and the subsequent onset of labour Br J Obstet Gynaecol 88 1981 1211
    • (1981) Br J Obstet Gynaecol , vol.88 , pp. 1211
    • Sellers, S.M.1    Mitchell, M.D.2    Anderson, A.B.3
  • 189
    • 0020001163 scopus 로고
    • Leukotriene B4 and phosphatidic acid are calcium ionophores: Studies employing arsenazo III in liposomes
    • C.N. Serhan J. Fridovich E.J. Goetzl Leukotriene B4 and phosphatidic acid are calcium ionophores: Studies employing arsenazo III in liposomes J Biol Chem 257 1982 4746
    • (1982) J Biol Chem , vol.257 , pp. 4746
    • Serhan, C.N.1    Fridovich, J.2    Goetzl, E.J.3
  • 190
    • 84976019901 scopus 로고
    • Increased amniotic fluid concentration of transforming growth factor-B1 in preterm but not term parturition
    • D.M. Sherer H. Munoz J. Cohen Increased amniotic fluid concentration of transforming growth factor-B1 in preterm but not term parturition Am J Obstet Gynecol 172 1995 A202
    • (1995) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.172 , pp. A202
    • Sherer, D.M.1    Munoz, H.2    Cohen, J.3
  • 191
    • 0028800561 scopus 로고
    • Bacterial lipopolysaccharide-mediated fetal death: Production of a newly recognized form of inducible cyclooxygenase in murine decidua in response to lipopolysaccharide
    • R. Silver S. Edwin M. Trautman Bacterial lipopolysaccharide-mediated fetal death: Production of a newly recognized form of inducible cyclooxygenase in murine decidua in response to lipopolysaccharide J Clin Invest 95 1995 725 731
    • (1995) J Clin Invest , vol.95 , pp. 725-731
    • Silver, R.1    Edwin, S.2    Trautman, M.3
  • 192
    • 85114540583 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Silver RM, Lohner S, Chen CL, et al: Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) mediates LPS-induced abortion: Evidence from the LPS-Resistant murine strain, C3H/HeJ. Presented at the 40th Annual Meeting of the Society for Gynecologic Investigation. Toronto, March 31-April 3, 1993.
  • 194
    • 0024451813 scopus 로고
    • The incidence of positive amniotic fluid cultures in patients in preterm labor with intact membranes
    • Skoll M.A. M.L. Moretti B.M. Sibai The incidence of positive amniotic fluid cultures in patients in preterm labor with intact membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 161 1989 813 816
    • (1989) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.161 , pp. 813-816
    • Skoll, M.A.1    Moretti, M.L.2    Sibai, B.M.3
  • 195
    • 0027173291 scopus 로고
    • The role of matrix metalloproteinases in premature rupture of the membranes
    • T. So The role of matrix metalloproteinases in premature rupture of the membranes Acta Obstet Gynaecol Jpn 45 1993 227 233
    • (1993) Acta Obstet Gynaecol Jpn , vol.45 , pp. 227-233
    • So, T.1
  • 196
    • 85114548212 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • The effect of 17β-estradiol, estrone and estriol on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induction in intact human amnion tissue
    • E.P. Spaziani R.R. Benoit W.F. O'Brien The effect of 17β-estradiol, estrone and estriol on cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) induction in intact human amnion tissue J Soc Gynecol Invest 3 1996 A516
    • (1996) J Soc Gynecol Invest , vol.3 , pp. A516
    • Spaziani, E.P.1    Benoit, R.R.2    O'Brien, W.F.3
  • 197
    • 0029125430 scopus 로고
    • Cytokine production and visualized effects in the fetomaternal unit
    • T. Stallmach G. Hebisch H. Joller-Jemelka Cytokine production and visualized effects in the fetomaternal unit Lab Invest 73 1995 384 392
    • (1995) Lab Invest , vol.73 , pp. 384-392
    • Stallmach, T.1    Hebisch, G.2    Joller-Jemelka, H.3
  • 198
    • 0025883510 scopus 로고
    • The enhanced production of placental interleukin-1 during labor and intrauterine infection
    • T. Taniguchi N. Matsuzaki T. Kameda The enhanced production of placental interleukin-1 during labor and intrauterine infection Am J Obstet Gynecol 165 1991 131 137
    • (1991) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.165 , pp. 131-137
    • Taniguchi, T.1    Matsuzaki, N.2    Kameda, T.3
  • 199
    • 0028271858 scopus 로고
    • Prostaglandin endoperoxide-H syntethase (PGHS) activity and immunoreactive PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 levels in human amnion throughout gestation, term, and during labor
    • F.J. Teixeira T. Zakar J.J. Hirst Prostaglandin endoperoxide-H syntethase (PGHS) activity and immunoreactive PGHS-1 and PGHS-2 levels in human amnion throughout gestation, term, and during labor J Clin Endocrinol Metab 78 1994 1396 1402
    • (1994) J Clin Endocrinol Metab , vol.78 , pp. 1396-1402
    • Teixeira, F.J.1    Zakar, T.2    Hirst, J.J.3
  • 200
    • 0025079280 scopus 로고
    • Isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from the amniotic fluid
    • G.B. Thomas J. Jones A. Sbarra Isolation of Chlamydia trachomatis from the amniotic fluid Obstet Gynecol 76 1990 519 520
    • (1990) Obstet Gynecol , vol.76 , pp. 519-520
    • Thomas, G.B.1    Jones, J.2    Sbarra, A.3
  • 201
    • 0026580406 scopus 로고
    • Congenital bacterial sepsis in very preterm infants
    • P.J. Thompson A. Greenough H.R. Gamsu Congenital bacterial sepsis in very preterm infants J Med Microbiol 36 1992 117 120
    • (1992) J Med Microbiol , vol.36 , pp. 117-120
    • Thompson, P.J.1    Greenough, A.2    Gamsu, H.R.3
  • 202
    • 0024332053 scopus 로고
    • Fetal death from chlamydial infection across intact amniotic membranes
    • J.J. Thorp V. Katz L. Fowler Fetal death from chlamydial infection across intact amniotic membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 161 1989 1245 1246
    • (1989) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.161 , pp. 1245-1246
    • Thorp, J.J.1    Katz, V.2    Fowler, L.3
  • 203
    • 0028851161 scopus 로고
    • 92 kd type IV collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase 9) activity in human amniochorion increases with labor
    • Vadillo-Ortega F. G. Gonzalez-Avila E. Furth 92 kd type IV collagenase (matrix metalloproteinase 9) activity in human amniochorion increases with labor Am J Pathol 146 1995 148 156
    • (1995) Am J Pathol , vol.146 , pp. 148-156
    • Vadillo-Ortega, F.1    Gonzalez-Avila, G.2    Furth, E.3
  • 204
    • 0029876294 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Increased matrix metallo-proteinase activity and reduced tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 levels in amniotic fluids from pregnancies complicated by premature rupture of membranes
    • F. Vadillo-Ortega A. Hernandez G. Gonzalez-Avila Increased matrix metallo-proteinase activity and reduced tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 levels in amniotic fluids from pregnancies complicated by premature rupture of membranes Am J Obstet Gynecol 174 1996 1371 1376
    • (1996) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.174 , pp. 1371-1376
    • Vadillo-Ortega, F.1    Hernandez, A.2    Gonzalez-Avila, G.3
  • 205
    • 0028044609 scopus 로고
    • Towards a better aspirin
    • J. Vane Towards a better aspirin Nature 367 1994 215 216
    • (1994) Nature , vol.367 , pp. 215-216
    • Vane, J.1
  • 206
    • 0022646862 scopus 로고
    • Qualitative amniotic fluid volume versus amniocentesis in predicting infection in preterm rupture of the membranes
    • A. Vintzileos W. Campbell D. Nochimson Qualitative amniotic fluid volume versus amniocentesis in predicting infection in preterm rupture of the membranes Obstet Gynecol 67 1986 579 583
    • (1986) Obstet Gynecol , vol.67 , pp. 579-583
    • Vintzileos, A.1    Campbell, W.2    Nochimson, D.3
  • 207
    • 0021360321 scopus 로고
    • Intra-anmiotic bacterial colonization in premature labor
    • C.J. Wahbeh G.B. Hill R.D. Eden Intra-anmiotic bacterial colonization in premature labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 148 1984 739 743
    • (1984) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.148 , pp. 739-743
    • Wahbeh, C.J.1    Hill, G.B.2    Eden, R.D.3
  • 208
    • 0019512796 scopus 로고
    • Amniocentesis in the evaluation of premature labor
    • R. Wallace C. Herrick Amniocentesis in the evaluation of premature labor Obstet Gynecol 57 1981 483 486
    • (1981) Obstet Gynecol , vol.57 , pp. 483-486
    • Wallace, R.1    Herrick, C.2
  • 209
    • 0024346829 scopus 로고
    • 5-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, leukotriene C, and prostaglandin F2-alpha in amniotic fluid before and during term and preterm labor
    • S.W. Walsh 5-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid, leukotriene C, and prostaglandin F2-alpha in amniotic fluid before and during term and preterm labor Am J Obstet Gynecol 161 1989 1352 1360
    • (1989) Am J Obstet Gynecol , vol.161 , pp. 1352-1360
    • Walsh, S.W.1
  • 210
    • 0026516505 scopus 로고
    • The association of occult amniotic fluid infection with gestational age and neonatal outcome among women in preterm labor
    • D. Watts M. Krohn S. Hillier The association of occult amniotic fluid infection with gestational age and neonatal outcome among women in preterm labor Obstet Gynecol 79 1992 351 357
    • (1992) Obstet Gynecol , vol.79 , pp. 351-357
    • Watts, D.1    Krohn, M.2    Hillier, S.3
  • 211
    • 0022340642 scopus 로고
    • Evaluation of amniotic fluid in preterm labor with intact membranes
    • D. Weible H. Randall Evaluation of amniotic fluid in preterm labor with intact membranes J Reprod Med 30 1985 777 780
    • (1985) J Reprod Med , vol.30 , pp. 777-780
    • Weible, D.1    Randall, H.2
  • 213
    • 0025847582 scopus 로고
    • Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in connective tissue remodeling
    • Woessner F. Matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in connective tissue remodeling FASEB J 5 1991 2145 2154
    • (1991) FASEB J , vol.5 , pp. 2145-2154
    • Woessner, F.1
  • 214
    • 0017187588 scopus 로고
    • Comparison of intra-amniotic prostaglandin F2α and hypertonic saline for second trimester abortion
    • 2α and hypertonic saline for second trimester abortion BMJ 1 1976 1373 1376
    • (1976) BMJ , vol.1 , pp. 1373-1376
    • World Health Organization Task, Force1
  • 215
    • 0017383601 scopus 로고
    • Repeated vaginal administration of 15-methyl PGF2α for termination of pregnancy in the 13th to 20th week of gestation
    • 2α for termination of pregnancy in the 13th to 20th week of gestation Contraception 16 1977 175
    • (1977) Contraception , vol.16 , pp. 175
    • World Health Organization Task Force1
  • 216
    • 0019980847 scopus 로고
    • Termination of second trimester pregnancy by intra-muscular injection of 16-phenoxy-w-17, 18, 19, 20-tetranor PGE methyl sulfanilamide
    • World Health Organization Task Force Termination of second trimester pregnancy by intra-muscular injection of 16-phenoxy-w-17, 18, 19, 20-tetranor PGE methyl sulfanilamide Int J Gynaecol Obstet 20 1982 383
    • (1982) Int J Gynaecol Obstet , vol.20 , pp. 383
    • World Health Organization Task Force1
  • 217
    • 0025754779 scopus 로고
    • Expression of a mitogen responsive gene encoding prostaglandin synthase is regulated by mRNA splicing
    • W.L. Xie J.G. Chipman D.L. Robertson Expression of a mitogen responsive gene encoding prostaglandin synthase is regulated by mRNA splicing Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 88 1991 2692 2696
    • (1991) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A , vol.88 , pp. 2692-2696
    • Xie, W.L.1    Chipman, J.G.2    Robertson, D.L.3
  • 218
    • 0001152607 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Outcome of low-risk pregnancies with evidence of intraamniotic viral infection detected by PCR on amniotic fluid obtained at second trimester genetic amniocentesis
    • J. Yankowitz C.P. Weinter J. Henderson Outcome of low-risk pregnancies with evidence of intraamniotic viral infection detected by PCR on amniotic fluid obtained at second trimester genetic amniocentesis J Soc Gynecol Invest 3 1996 132
    • (1996) J Soc Gynecol Invest , vol.3 , pp. 132
    • Yankowitz, J.1    Weinter, C.P.2    Henderson, J.3
  • 219
    • 85114551948 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Yoon B, Park K, Koo J, et al: Intraamniotic infection of twin pregnancies with preterm labor. Submitted to the 17th annual meeting of the Society of Perinatal Obstetricians. Anaheim, 1997.
  • 220
    • 0343371826 scopus 로고    scopus 로고
    • Maternal blood C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and temperature in preterm labor: A comparison with amniotic fluid white blood cell count
    • Yoon B.H. S.H. Yang J.K. Jun Maternal blood C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and temperature in preterm labor: A comparison with amniotic fluid white blood cell count Obstet Gynecol 87 1996 231 237
    • (1996) Obstet Gynecol , vol.87 , pp. 231-237
    • Yoon, B.H.1    Yang, S.H.2    Jun, J.K.3
  • 221
    • 0028343562 scopus 로고
    • Regulation of prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase by glucocorticoids and activators of protein kinase C in the human amnion
    • T. Zakar F. Teixeira J. Hirst Regulation of prostaglandin endoperoxide H synthase by glucocorticoids and activators of protein kinase C in the human amnion J Reprod Fertil 100 1994 43 50
    • (1994) J Reprod Fertil , vol.100 , pp. 43-50
    • Zakar, T.1    Teixeira, F.2    Hirst, J.3


* 이 정보는 Elsevier사의 SCOPUS DB에서 KISTI가 분석하여 추출한 것입니다.