Determination of atrazine levels in whole saliva and plasma in rats: Potential of salivary monitoring for occupational exposure

Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health

Volumn 50, Issue 2, 1997, Pages 101-112

  Lu, Chensheng ^a   Anderson, Leigh C ^b   Fenske, Richard A ^a  

^a UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

^b UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ATRAZINE;

ANIMAL EXPERIMENT; ARTICLE; BIOLOGICAL MONITORING; BLOOD LEVEL; CONTROLLED STUDY; ENZYME LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY; MALE; NONHUMAN; PRIORITY JOURNAL; RAT; SALIVA LEVEL; TOXICOKINETICS;

ANIMALIA;

EID: 0030932871     PISSN: 00984108     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1080/009841097160519     Document Type: Article

References (25)

1. Borzelleca, J. F., and Skalsky, H. L. 1980. The excretion of pesticides in saliva and its value in assessing exposure. J. Environ. Sci. Health 15(6):843-866.
2. Catenacci, G., Barbieri, F., Bersani, M., Ferioli, A., Cottica, D., and Maroni, M. 1993. Biological monitoring of human exposure to atrazine. Toxicol. Lett. 69:217-222.
3. Chester, G. 1993. Evaluation of agricultural worker exposure to, and absorption of, pesticides. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 37:509-523.
4. Drobitch, R. K., and Svensson, C. K. 1992. Therapeutic drug monitoring in saliva-An update. Clin. Pharmacokinet. 23:365-379.
5. Dubach, P. 1970. Introduction to triazine-soil interaction. Residue Rev. 32:19-28.
6. Fenske, R. A. 1993. Dermal exposure assessment techniques. Ann. Occup. Hyg. 37:687-706.
7. Gee, S. J., and Hammock, B. D. 1993. Immunochemical Analysis of Small Molecules: A Training Manual, pp. 10-13. Department of Entomology, University of California, Davis, CA.
8. Gee, S. J., Harrison, R. O., Goodrow, M. H., Buster, D., Braun, A. L., and Hammock, B. D. 1991. Development of an immunoassays for thiocarbamate herbicides. In Immunoassays for trace chemical analysis: Monitoring toxic chemicals in humans, food, and the environment, eds. M. Vanderlaan, L. H. Stanker, B. E. Watkins, and D. W. Roberts, pp. 100-107. ACS Symposium Series 451, Washington, DC.
9. Haeckel, R. 1993. Factors influencing the saliva/plasma ratio of drugs. Ann. NY Acad. Sci. 694:128-142.
10. Hamboeck, H., Fischer, R. W., Di lorio, E. E., and Winterhalter, K. H. 1981. The binding of s-triazine metabolites to rodent hemoglobins appears irrevelant to other species. Mol. Pharmacol. 20:579-584.
11. Ikonen, R., Kangas, J., and Savolainen, H. 1988. Urinary atrazine metabolites as indicators for rat and human exposure to atrazine. Toxicol. Lett. 44:109-112.
12. Karu, A. E., Harrison, R. O., Schmidt, D. J., Clarkson, C. E., Grassman, J., Goodrow, M. H., Lucas, A., Hammock, B. D., Van Emon, J. M., and White, R. J. 1991. Monoclonal immunoassay of triazine herbicides: Development and implementation. In Immunoassays for trace chemical analysis: Monitoring toxic chemicals in humans, food, and the environment, eds. M. Vanderlaan, L. H. Stanker, B. E. Watkins, and D. W. Roberts, pp. 14-27. ACS Symposium Series 451, Washington, DC.
13. Klaassen, C. D. 1986. Distribution, excretion, and absorption of toxicants. In Toxicology: The basic science of poisons, 3rd ed., eds. C. D. Klaassen, L. J. Casarett, M. O. Amdur, and J. Doull, pp. 33-63. New York: Macmillan.
14. Lucas, A. D., Schneider, P., Harrison, R. O., Seiber, J. N., Hammock, B. D., Biggar, J. W., and Rolston, D. E. 1991. Determination of atrazine and simazine in water and soil using polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Food Agric. Immunol. 3:155-167.
15. Matin, S. B., Wan, S. H., and Karam, J. H. 1974. Phamacokinetics of tolbutamide: Prediction by concentration in saliva. Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 16:1052-1058.
16. Nigg, H. N., and Stamper, J. H. 1989. Biological monitoring for pesticide dose determination. In Biological monitoring for pesticide exposure-Measurement, estimation, and risk reduction, ed. R. G. M. Wang, pp. 6-27. ACS Symposium Series 382, Washington, DC.
17. Nigg, H. N., and Wade, S. E. 1992. Saliva as a monitoring medium for chemicals. Rev. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 129:95-119.
18. Nigg, H. N., Stamper, J. H., and Mallory, L. L. 1993. Quantification of human exposure to eithion using saliva. Chemosphere 26:897-906.
19. Schramm, W., Smith, R. H., Craig, P. A., and Grates, H. E. 1993. Testosterone concentration is increased in whole saliva, but not in ultrafiltrate, after toothbrushing. Clin. Chem. 39:519-521.
20. Skalsky, H. L., Lane, R. W., and Borzelleca, J. 1979. Excretion of carbaryl into saliva of the rat and its effect on cholinesterase. In Toxicology and occupational medicine, ed. W. B. E. Deichmann, pp. 349-358. New York: Elsevier.
21. Thurman, E. M., Meyer, M., Pomes, M., Perry, C. A., and Schwab, A. P. 1990. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay compared with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for the determination of triazine herbicides in water. Anal. Chem. 62:2043-2048.
22. Vinning, R. F., and McGinley, R. A. 1987. The measurement of hormones in saliva: Possibilities and pitfalls. J. Steroid Biochem. 27:81-94.
23. Vinning, R. F., McGinley, R. A., Maksvytis, J. J., and Ho, K. Y. 1983a. Salivary cortisol: A better measure of adrenal cortical function than serum cortisol. Ann. Clin. Biochem. 20:329-335.
24. Vinning, R. F., McGinley, R. A., and Rice, B. V. 1983b. Saliva estriol measurements: An alternative to the assay of serum unconjugated estriol in assessing fetoplacental function. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 56:454-460.
25. White, M. A., O'Hagan, S. A., Wright, A. L., and Wilson, H. K. 1992. The measurement of salivary cadmium by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrophotometry and its use as a biological idicator of occupational exposure. J. Exp. Anal. Environ. Epidemiol. 2:195-206.