Pathways to the development of borderline personality disorder

Journal of Personality Disorders

Volumn 11, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 93-104

  Zanarini, Mary C ^a   Frankenburg, Frances R ^b  

^a MCLEAN HOSPITAL   (United States)

^b NONE

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

ADULT; ARTICLE; BORDERLINE STATE; CHILD; CHILD ABUSE; CHILD PARENT RELATION; FAMILY HISTORY; HUMAN; MENTAL DISEASE; PSYCHODYNAMICS; TEMPERAMENT;

EID: 0030927002     PISSN: 0885579X     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1521/pedi.1997.11.1.93     Document Type: Article

References (62)

1. Adler, G., Buie, D. (1979). Aloneness and borderline psychopathology: The possible relevance of child developmental issues. International Journal of Psychoanalysis, 60, 83-96.
2. Akiskal, H. S. (1981). Subaffective disorders: Dysthymic, cyclothymic and bipolar II disorders in the "borderline" realm. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 4, 25-46.
3. Akiskal, H. S., Chen, S. E., Davis, G. C., Puzantian, V. R., Kashgarian, M., & Bolinger, J. M. (1985). Borderline: An adjective in search of a noun. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 46, 41-48.
4. Andrulonis, P. A., Glueck, B. C., Stroebel, C. F., Vogel, N. G., Shapiro, A. L., & Aldridge, D. M. (1981). Organic brain dysfunction and the borderline syndrome. Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 4, 47-66.
5. Andrulonis, P. A., Glueck, B. C., Stroebel, C. F., & Vogel, N. G. (1982). Borderline personality subcategories. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 170, 670-679.
6. Andrulonis, P. A., & Vogel, N. G. (1984). Comparison of borderline personality subcategories to schizophrenic and affective disorders. British Journal of Psychiatry, 144, 358-363.
7. Baron, M., Gruen, R., Asnis, L., & Lord, S. (1985). Familial transmission of schizotypal and borderline personality disorders. American Journal of Psychiatry, 142, 927-933.
8. Bradley, S. J. (1979). The relationship of early maternal separation to borderline personality in children and adolescents: A pilot study. American Journal of Psychiatry, 136, 424-426.
9. Clarkin, J. F., Hull, J. W., Cantor, J., & Sanderson, C. (1993). Borderline personality disorder and personality traits: A comparison of SCID-II BPD and NEO-PI. Psychological Assessment, 5, 472-476.
10. Coccaro, E. F., Siever, L. J., Klar, H. M., Maurer, G., Cochrane, K., Cooper, T. B., Mohs, R. C., & Davis, K. L. (1989). Serotonergic studies in patients with affective and personality disorders: Correlations with suicidal and impulsive aggressive behavior. Archives of General Psychiatry, 46, 587-599.
11. Cornelius, J. R., Brenner, R. P., Soloff, P. H., Schulz, S. C., & Tumuluru, R. V. (1986). EEG abnormalities in borderline personality disorder: Specific or nonspecific. Biological Psychiatry, 21, 977-980.
12. Cowdry, R. W., Pickar, D., & Davies, R. (1985-1986). Symptoms and EEG findings in the borderline syndrome. International Journal Psychiatric Medicine, 15, 201-211.
13. Frank, H., & Hoffman, N. (1986). Borderline empathy: An empirical investigation. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 27, 387-395.
14. Frank, H., & Paris J. (1981). Recollections of family experience in borderline patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 38, 1031-1034.
15. Gardner, D., Lucas, P. B., & Cowdry, R. W. (1987). Soft sign neurological abnormalities in borderline personality disorder and normal control subjects. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 175, 177-180.
16. Goldberg, R. L., Mann, L. S., Wise, T. N., & Segall, E. A. (1985). Parental qualities as perceived by borderline personality disorders. Hillside Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 7, 134-140.
17. Grinker, R. R., Werble, B., & Drye, R. C. (1968). The borderline syndrome: A behavioral study of ego-functions. New York: BasicBooks.
18. Gunderson, J. G. (1984). Borderline personality disorder. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
19. Gunderson, J., Kerr, J., & Englund, D. (1986). The families of borderlines: A comparative study. Archives of General Psychiatry, 37, 27-33.
20. Herman, J. L., & van der Kolk, B. A. (1987). Traumatic antecedents of borderline personality disorder. In B. A. van der Kolk (Ed.), Psychological trauma (pp. 111-126). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
21. Herman, J. L., Perry, J. C., & van der Kolk, B. A. (1989). Childhood trauma in borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 490-495.
22. Hollander, E., Stein, D. J., DeCaria C. M., Cohen, L., Saoud, J. B., Skodol, A. E., Kellman, D., Rosnick, L., & Oldham, J. M. (1994). Serotonergic sensitivity in borderline personality disorder: Preliminary findings. American Journal of Psychiatry, 151, 277-280.
23. Kernberg, O. (1975). Borderline conditions and pathological narcissism. New York: Jason Aronson.
24. Kimble, C. R., Oepen, G., Weinberg, E., Williams, A. A., & Zanarini, M. C. (1996). Neurological vulnerability and trauma in borderline personality disorder. In M. C. Zanarini (Ed.), Role of sexual abuse in the etiology of borderline personality disorder (pp. 165-180). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
25. Links, P. S., Steiner, M., & Huxley, G. (1988). The occurrence of borderline personality disorder in the families of borderline patients. Journal of Personality Disorders, 2, 14-20.
26. Links, P. S., Steiner, M., Offord, D. R., & Eppel, A. (1988). Characteristics of borderline personality disorder: A Canadian study. Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 33, 336-340.
27. Lucas, P. B., Gardner, D. L., Cowdry, R. W., & Pickar, D. (1989). Cerebral structure in borderline personality disorder. Psychiatry Research, 27, 111-115.
28. Loranger, A. W., Oldham, J. M., & Tulis, E. H. (1982). Familial transmission of DSM-III borderline personality disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 39, 795-799.
29. Loranger, A. W., & Tulis, E. H. (1985). Family history of alcoholism in borderline personality disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 42, 153-157.
30. Mahler, M. (1971). A study of the separation-individuation process and its possible application to borderline phenomena in the psychoanalytic situation. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 26, 403-424.
31. Masterson, J. (1972). Treatment of the borderline adolescent: A developmental approach. New York: Wiley.
32. Miller, A. (1949). Death of a salesman. New York: Viking.
33. Ogata, S. N., Silk, K. R., Goodrich, S., Lohr, N. E., Westen, D., & Hill, E. M. (1990). Childhood sexual and physical abuse in adult patients with borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 1008-1013.
34. Paris, J., & Frank, H. (1989). Perceptions of parental bonding in borderline patients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 1498-1499.
35. Paris, J., Zweig-Frank, H., & Guzder, J. (1994a). Psychological risk factors for borderline personality disorder in female patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 35, 301-305.
36. Paris, J., Zweig-Frank, H., & Guzder, J. (1994b). Risk factors for borderline personality in male outpatients. Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease, 182, 375-380.
37. Pope, H. G., Jonas, J. M., Hudson, J. I., Cohen, B. M., & Gunderson, J.G. (1983). The validity of DSM-III borderline personality disorder. Archives of General Psychiatry, 40, 23-30
38. Salzman, J. P., Salzman, C., Wolfson, A. N., Albanese, M., Looper, J., Ostacher, M., Schwartz, J., Chinman, G., Land, W., & Miyawaki, E. (1993). Association between borderline personality structure and history of childhood abuse in adult volunteers. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 34, 254-257.
39. Schulz, S. C., Koller, M. M., Kishore, P. R., Hamer, R. M., Gehl, J. J., & Friedel, R. O. (1983). Ventricular enlargement in teenage patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 1592-1595.
40. Schulz, P. M., Soloff, P. H., Kelly, T., Morgenstern, M., Di Franco, R., & Schulz, S. C. (1989). A family history of borderline subtypes. Journal of Personality Disorders, 3, 217-229.
41. Shearer, S. L., Peters, C. P., Quaytman, M. S., & Ogden, R. L. (1990). Frequency and correlates of childhood sexual and physical abuse histories in adult female borderline inpatients. American Journal of Psychiatry, 147, 214-216.
42. Snyder, S., & Pitts, W. M. (1984). Electroencephalography of DSM-III borderline personality disorder. Acta Psychiatrica Scandanavica, 69, 129-134.
43. Snyder, S., Pitts, W. M., & Gustin, Q. (1983). CT scans in patients with borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 140, 272.
44. Soldz, S., Budman, S., Demby, A., & Merry, J. (1993). Representation of personality disorders in circumplex and five-factor space: Explorations with a clinical sample. Psychological Assessment, 5, 41-52.
45. Soloff, P. H., & Millward, J. W. (1983a). Developmental histories of borderline patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 24, 574-588.
46. Soloff, P. H., & Millward, J. W. (1983b). Psychiatric disorders in the families of borderline patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 40, 37-44.
47. Stern, A. (1938). Psychoanalytic investigation of and therapy in the borderline group of neuroses. Psychoanalytic Quarterly, 7, 467-489.
48. Stone, M. H. (1980). The borderline syndromes: Constitution, personality, and adaptation. New York: McGraw-Hill.
49. Svrakic, D. M., Whitehead, C., Przybeck, T. R., & Cloninger, C. R. (1993). Differential diagnosis of personality disorders by the seven-factor model of temperament and character. Archives of General Psychiatry, 50, 991-999.
50. Trull, T. J. (1992). DSM-III-R personality disorders and the five-factor model of personality: An empirical comparison. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 101, 553-560.
51. van Reekum, R., Conway, C. A., Gansler, D., White, R., & Bachman, D. L. (1993). Neurobehavioral study of borderline personality disorder. Journal of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, 18, 121-129.
52. Walsh, F. (1977). The family of the borderline patient. In R. R. Grinker & B. Werble (Eds), The borderline patient (pp. 158-177). New York: Jason Aronson.
53. Wender, P. H. (1977). The contribution of the adoption studies to an understanding of the phenomenology and etiology of borderline schizophrenia. In P. Hartocollis (Ed.), Borderline personality disorders: The concept, the syndrome, the patient (pp. 255-269). New York: International Universities Press.
54. Westen, D., Ludolph, P., Misle, B., Ruffins, S., & Block, J. (1990). Physical and sexual abuse in adolescent girls with borderline personality disorder. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 60, 55-66.
55. Zanarini, M. C. (1993). BPD as an impulse spectrum disorder. In J. Paris (Ed.), Borderline personality disorder: Etiology and treatment (pp. 67-85). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
56. Zanarini, M. C., & Dubo, E. D. (1995. May). Gender differences in the phenomenology of BPD. Paper presented at the 148th Annual Meeting of the American Psychiatric Association, Miami, FL.
57. Zanarini, M. C., Dubo, E. D., Lewis, R. E., & Williams, A. A. (1996). Childhood factors associated with the development of borderline personality disorder. In M. C. Zanarini (Ed.), Role of sexual abuse in the etiology of borderline personality disorder (pp. 29-44). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.
58. Zanarini, M. C., & Frankenburg, F. R. (1994). Emotional hypochondriasis, hyperbole, and the borderline patient. Journal of Psychotherapy Practice and Research, 3, 25-36.
59. Zanarini, M. C., Frankenburg, F. R., Dubo, E. D., Sickel, A. E., Reynolds, V., & Levin, A. (1995, June). The comorbidity of borderline personality disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. Paper presented at the Fourth International Conference of the Society for the Study of Personality Disorders, Dublin, Ireland.
60. Zanarini, M. C., Gunderson, J. G., Marino, M. F., Schwartz, E. O., & Frankenburg, F. R. (1988). DSM-III disorders in the families of borderline outpatients. Journal of Personality Disorders, 2, 292-302.
61. Zanarini, M. C., Gunderson, J. G., Marino, M. F., Schwartz, E. O., & Frankenburg, F. R. (1989). Childhood experiences of borderline patients. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 30, 18-25.
62. Zanarini, M. C., Kimble, C. R., & Williams, A. A. (1994). Neurological dysfunction in borderline patients and axis II controls. In K. R. Silk (Ed.), Biological and neurobehavioral studies of borderline personality disorder (pp. 159-175). Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Press.