Phosphorylation of both phosphoacceptor sites in the HIV-1 Vpu cytoplasmic domain is essential for Vpu-mediated ER degradation of CD4

Virology

Volumn 232, Issue 1, 1997, Pages 207-216

  Paul, Mousumi ^a   Jabbar, M Abdul ^a  

^a LERNER RESEARCH INSTITUTE   (United States)

Author keywords

[No Author keywords available]

Indexed keywords

CD4 ANTIGEN; VIRUS PROTEIN;

AMINO ACID SEQUENCE; ARTICLE; ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM; HELA CELL; HUMAN; HUMAN CELL; HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS 1; NONHUMAN; POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION; PRIORITY JOURNAL; PROTEIN ASSEMBLY; PROTEIN DEGRADATION; PROTEIN PHOSPHORYLATION; SITE DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; VIRUS ASSEMBLY; VIRUS CELL INTERACTION;

EID: 0030921020     PISSN: 00426822     EISSN: None     Source Type: Journal    
DOI: 10.1006/viro.1997.8541     Document Type: Article

References (40)

1. Bour S., Geleziunas R., Wainberg M. A. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) CD4 receptor and its central role in promotion of HIV-1 infection. Microbiol. Rev. 59:1995;63-93.
2. Bour S., Schubert U., Strebel K. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein specifically binds to the cytoplasmic domain of CD4: Implications for the mechanism of degradation. J. Virol. 69:1995;1510-1520.
3. Buonocore L., Turi T. G., Crise B., Rose J. K. Stimulation of heterologous protein degradation by the Vpu protein of HIV-1 requires the transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains of CD4. Virology. 204:1994;482-486.
4. Chen B. K., Gandhi R. T., Baltimore D. CD4 down-modulation during infection of human T cells with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 involves independent activities ofvpu, env, nef. J. Virol. 70:1996;6044-6053.
5. Chen M.-T., Malderelli F., Karczewski M. K., Willey R. L., Strebel K. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein induces degradation of CD4in vitro: J. Virol. 67:1993;3877-3884.
6. Cohen E. A., Terwilliger E. F., Sodroski J. G., Haseltine W. A. Identification of a protein encoded by thevpu. Nature (London). 334:1988;532-534.
7. Cowley A., Paterson H., Kemp P., Marshall C. J. Activation of MAP kinase is necessary and sufficient for PC12 differentiation and for transformation of NIH 3T3 cells. Cell. 77:1994;841-852.
8. Crise B., Buonocore L., Rose J. K. CD4 is retained in the endoplasmic reticulum by the human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoprotein precursor. J. Virol. 64:1990;5585-5593.
9. Dalgleish A. G., Beverley P. C. L., Clapham P. R., Crawford D. H., Greaves M. F., Weiss R. A. The CD4 (T4) antigen is an essential component of the receptor for the AIDS retrovirus. Nature (London). 312:1984;763-768.
10. Friborg J., Ladha Z., Göttlinger H., Haseltine W. A., Cohen E. A. Functional analysis of the phosphorylation sites on the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein. J. Acquired Immune Defic. Syndr. Hum. Retrovirol. 8:1995;10-22.
11. Fuerst T. R., Earl P. L., Moss B. Use of a hybrid virus-T7 RNA polymerase system for expression of target genes. Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:1987;2538-2544.
12. Geraghty R. J., Panganiban A. T. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu has a CD4- and an envelope glycoprotein-independent function. J. of Virology. 67:1993;4190-4194.
13. Geraghty R. J., Talbot K. J., Callahan M., Harper W., Panganiban A. T. Cell-type dependence of Vpu function. J. Med. Primatol. 23:1994;146-150.
14. Göttlinger H. G., Dorfman T., Cohen E. A., Haseltine W. A. Vpu protein of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 enhances the release of capsids produced by gag gene constructs of widely divergent retroviruses. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 90:1993;7381-7385.
15. Ho S. N., Hunt H. D., Horton R. M., Pullen J. K., Pease L. R. Site-directed mutagenesis by overlap extention using the polymerase chain reaction. Gene. 77:1989;51-59.
16. Jabbar M. A. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein: Roles in virus release and CD4 down-modulation. Curr. Top. Microbiol. Immunol. 193:1995;107-120.
17. Jabbar M. A., Nayak D. P. Intracellular interaction of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (ARV-2) envelope glycoprotein gp160 with CD4 blocks the movement and maturation of CD4 to the plasma membrane. J. Virol. 64:1990;6297-6304.
18. +. J. Virol. 63:1989;3748-3754.
19. Klatzman D., Champagne E., Chamaret S., Gruest J., Guetard D., Hercend T., Gluckman J.-C., Montagnier L. T-lymphocyte T4 molecule behaves as the receptor molecule for retrovirus LAV. Nature (London). 312:1984;767-768.
20. Klimkait T., Strebel K., Hoggan M. D., Martin M. A., Orenstein J. M. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1-specific proteinvpu. J. Virol. 64:1990;621-629.
21. Lenburg M. E., Landau N. R. Vpu-induced degradation of CD4: Requirement for specific amino acid residues in the cytoplasmic domain of CD4. J. Virol. 67:1993;7238-7245.
22. Maldarelli F., Chen M.-Y., Willey R. L., Strebel K. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vpu protein is an oligomeric type 1 integral membrane protein. J. Virol. 67:1993;5056-5061.
23. Pawson T. Protein modules and signalling networks. Nature (London). 373:1995;573-580.
24. Raja N. U., Jabbar M. A. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein tethered to the CD4 extracellular domain is localized to the plasma membrane and is biologically active in the secretory pathway of mammalian cells: Implications for the mechanisms of Vpu function. Virology. 220:1996;141-151.
25. Raja N. U., Vincent M. J., Jabbar M. A. Analysis of endoproteolytic cleavage and intracellular transport of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 envelope glycoproteins using mutant CD4 molecules bearing the transmembrane ER retention signal. J. Gen. Virol. 74:1993;2085-2097.
26. Raja N. U., Vincent M. J., Jabbar M. A. Vpu-mediated proteolysis of gp160/CD4 chimeric envelope glycoproteins in the endoplasmic reticulum: Requirement of both the anchor and cytoplasmic domains of CD4. Virology. 204:1994;357-366.
27. Schubert U., Strebel K. Differential activities of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1-encoded Vpu protein are regulated by phosphorylation and occur in different cellular compartments. J. Virol. 68:1994;2260-2271.
28. Schubert U., Bour S., Ferrer-Montiel A. V., Mantiel M., Maldarelli F., Strebel K. The two biological activities of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein involves two separable structural domains. J. Virol. 70:1996;809-819.
29. Schubert U., Henklein P., Boldyreff B., Wingender E., Strebel K., Porstmann T. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 encoded Vpu protein is phosphorylated by casein kinase-2 (CK-2) at positions ser52 and ser56 within a predicted a-helix-turn-a-helix-motif. J. Mol. Biol. 236:1994;16-25.
30. Schwartz S., Felber B. K., Fenyo E.-M., Pavkajus G. N. Env and Vpu proteins of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 are produced from multiple bicistronic mRNAs. J. Virol. 64:1990;5448-5456.
31. Strebel K., Klimkait T., Maldarelli F., Martin M. A. Molecular and biochemical analyses of human immunodeficiency virus type 1vpu. J. Virol. 63:1989;3784-3791.
32. Strebel K., Klimkait T., Martin M. A. A novel gene of HIV-1,vpu, Science. 241:1988;1221-1223.
33. Terwilliger E. F., Cohen E. A., Lu Y., Sodroski J. G., Haseltine W. A. Functional role of human immunodeficiency virus type 1vpu. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 86:1989;5163-5167.
34. Vincent M. J., Jabbar M. A. The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein: A potential regulator of proteolysis and protein trafficking in the secretory pathway of mammalian cells. Virology. 213:1995;639-649.
35. Vincent M. J., Raja N. U., Jabbar M. A. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vpu protein induces degradation of chimeric envelope glycoproteins bearing the cytoplasmic and anchor domains of CD4: Role of the cytoplasmic domain in Vpu-induced degradation in the endoplasmic reticulum. J. Virol. 67:1993;5538-5549.
36. Willey R. L., Buckler-White A., Strebel K. Sequences present in the cytoplasmic domain of CD4 are necessary and sufficient to confer sesitivity to the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein. J. Virol. 68:1994;1207-1212.
37. Willey R. L., Maldarelli F., Martin M. A., Strebel K. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein induces rapid degradation of CD4. J. Virol. 66:1992b;7193-7200.
38. Willey R. L., Maldarelli F., Martin M. A., Strebel K. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vpu protein regulates the formation of intracellular gp160-CD4 complexes. J. Virol. 66:1992a;226-234.
39. Yao X.-J., Friborg J., Checroune F., Gratton S., Boisvert F., Sekaly R. P., Cohen E. A. Degradation of CD4 by human immunodeficiency virus type 1 Vpu protein: A predicted alpha-helix structure in the proximal cytoplasmic region of CD4 contributes to Vpu sensitivity. Virology. 209:1995;615-623.
40. Yao X.-J., Gottlinger H., Haseltine W. A., Cohen E. A. Envelope glycoprotein and CD4 independence ofvpu. J. Virol. 66:1992;5119-5126.